Historically, Muscovite Russia (16th and 17th centuries) held a radically different view of same-sex intimacy compared to Western Europe. While Western kingdoms routinely executed people for sodomy, Russia had no civil laws against it until the 18th century under Peter the Great.European travelers to Moscow in the 1600s frequently expressed absolute astonishment at how openly men of all social classes displayed homosexual affection without fear of legal reprisal.The Russian Orthodox Church certainly viewed same-sex acts as sinful, but they categorized them under the same canonical umbrella as standard heterosexual adultery or masturbation. Penances usually involved fasting, prayers, or temporary bans from receiving communion, rather than physical punishment or execution.True social taboo was less about the act of same-sex intimacy itself and more about role and status. Acting as the receptive partner was heavily stigmatized as effeminate and degrading to a man's honor, whereas the active role was often viewed through the lens of power and dominance.
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VGH, Third Rome.
>>18530333Well know fact.https://youtu.be/nf6tg006EvE?t=67&si=MNffnnL-3CuOC6W9
>>18528747Homies hugging and smooching each other on the cheek was normal until the rise of True Faggotry in the late 20 century. Regardless, ur butthurt polak manner betrays you, Wlalzicyckyni
While the early Roman Republic and Empire generally tolerated same-sex relationships, attitudes shifted dramatically as the Empire faced decline and became more and more Christianized. Influenced by Christian theology, Emperor Justinian I explicitly blamed same-sex behavior for natural disasters like earthquakes and plagues, declaring that it provoked the wrath of God. He made sodomy a capital offense across the entire empire. This Justinian code became the legal blueprint for Europe centuries later.After the western Roman Empire collapsed, European legal systems were fragmented. For several centuries, same-sex behavior was primarily handled by Church Canon Law rather than secular kings. From the 6th to the 11th centuries, priests used "penitential manuals" to prescribe punishments for sins. Sodomy (ANY non-procreative sexual act, including masturbation, oral/anal sex, or bestiality) was punished by spiritual penances. Instead of execution, a person guilty of sodomy would typically be ordered to fast on bread and water, perform extra prayers, or go on a pilgrimage for a period ranging from a few months to several years.The turning point for Western Europe happened in the 13th. During this era, a massive wave of criminalization swept through secular legal systems. What was once considered a "sin against God" managed by a priest became a "crime against the state" hunted by the king. During the 13th century, European states began actively targeting marginalized groups. Jews, heretics, lepers, and "sodomites" were frequently lumped together as internal threats to Christian society. As kingdoms in France, Spain, Germany, and Italy began writing down unified laws for the first time, their lawyers looked back to Justinian’s ancient Roman legal codes for inspiration.In Russia, same-sex intimacy was strictly considered a spiritual sin, not a civic crime. It was handled exclusively by the Eastern Orthodox Church and the punishment was pretty mild.
>>18532614The pre-Christian Roman empire did occasionally also make laws that criminalized same-sex relationships, for example Augustus made laws to that effect as part of his efforts to boost Roman birth-rates. Later emperors occasionally renewed those laws after they had stopped being enforced. The punishments were relatively mild, though, and it seems they were never enforced very well, as indicated by them just falling out of use over time and having to be renewed by later emperors. It took until Justinian for them to really stick.Europe still technically kept the Greco-Roman idea of sexual acts being defined by action instead of attraction until IIRC sometime in the 18th century. That is, sodomy was defined as sexual acts not intended for reproduction. Being attracted to another man technically wasn't illegal, but having sex with one was. Which is why you sometimes see the "they're just REALLY good bros...who live together...and hold hands in public...and kiss each other...but it's TOTALLY not gay!" defense used in historical sources. Ironically enough, the concept of homosexuality was originally introduced by doctors as a means of showing that gay people weren't just perverts into weird forms of sex, but whose attractions worked differently from normal people, and therefore it was a medical condition and not a sin. That ended up making things worse for gays, though, since same-sex relationships remained illegal but now you could be convicted based on suspicions that you were attracted to another man while previous you had to be proven to actually have had sex.
>>18530333Why did Russia abandon its alliances with Austro-German powers in favor of the French (and a Mediterranean base)?https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=g2Apff1dSv0
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