New evidence regarding the environmental impact resulting from large-scale copper production during the Bronze Age in the Eurasian steppe. Archaeologists already suspected that steppe societies possessed cultures centered on metallurgical production on a near-industrial scale, and were major producers and exporters of a variety of goods, and were very important in these crafts during the Bronze Age, but this simply surpasses expectations.The article states that even in the Bronze Age, Europeans demonstrated the capacity to promote a phenomenon comparable to a proto-second industrial revolution. This is based on the identified correlation between the metallurgical activity of the period and an increase of 10.2 ppm in the atmospheric concentration of CO2 between 3500 and 1000 BC, (sigh..) a fucking magnitude comparable to the 9.6 ppm increase associated with the Second Industrial Revolution. Europeans are simply the real-life Viltrumites. Another victory. https://unibuc.ro/icub-va-invita-la-prelegerea-the-earliest-industrial-age-bronze-age-metallurgy-and-its-legacy-of-carbon-emission-sustinuta-de-dr-miljana-radivojevic-de-la-university-college-londo/?lang=en
>>18541413Also, another previous article by the same authors:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352409X23002183>It was this enhanced dynamic in trade and exchange that prompted Vandkilde, 2016, Vandkilde, 2017 to see the Bronze Age as an early form of globalisation, orBronzization, comparable in scale and reach to Neolithisation, Mediterranisation, Romanisation, and other terms often employed to refer to the interconnectivity phenomena in ancient times. The Bronzization label would make specific reference to the desire and demand for copper alloys for warfare, ritual, economic and daily use, thus indicating the largest pre-modern ‘globalising’ network characterising Eurasia during the second part of the 2ndmillennium BC (1600–1200 BC).>Thus far the evolution of the Bronze Age Eurasian Steppe metallurgy has been traditionally approached through extensive typologies of artefacts and characterisation of metal ore deposits, which led to the theorisation of a staged development of metallurgy adoption and expansion from West to East via production cores, labelled as ‘metallurgical provinces’ (Chernykh, 1992, Chernykh, 2011).
>>18541437>>18541413Kino, and it's always good to remember what these metallurgist gentlemen looked like.
>>18541413
>>18542527>using a combined approach of tin and lead isotopes together with trace elements...Cornish tin mines are the most likely suppliers for the 13th–12th centuries B.C. tin ingots from Israel
>>18541413Super based. But it wasn't the English bell beakers who started the Bronze Age>>18542527
>>18542538I'm not the OP.Basically, the analysis of the origin of copper in objects from the Atlantic Bronze Age indicates that 80% of the copper present in these objects comes from various sources in the Atlantic region, and there was extensive trade with the eastern Mediterranean as far as Palestine or Philistine Europe. In fact, the "world" was already quite interconnected at the time. This view of isolationism is outdated, and the OP's article only proves this again. Minoan seafarers possibly traded copper to the Atlantic region and brought back tin from Cornish tin mines.
>>18541447Genetics have nothing to do with ethnicity or culture.
>>18542547Thank you for your contribution. I don't know how this relates to the topic, but when it comes to trade, the cultural, mythological, and demographic links of the Bronze Age between the Mediterranean and central and northern Europe were very close. The relationship with Indo-Europeans in Asia is unfortunately not very well explored, but I wouldn't doubt at least a commercial relationship...both were excellent producers of advanced metals. The distribution of Naue II type swords at the end of the Bronze Age, used by the highly mobile warrior groups of the time, is one such example. The distribution of finds is partly due to burials and hoards containing them being made and then left intact until the modern era, though.sailing ships from Bronze Age Scandinavia sailed to Britain and Iberia over three thousand years ago
>>18542565>unrelated picYou didn't need to be humiliated, but since you asked for it, the image speaks for itself...
>>18542579>The relationship with Indo-Europeans in Asia is unfortunately not very well explored, but I wouldn't doubt at least a commercial relationship...The NTA antenna swords found throughout the region are generally dated between approximately 1500–1000 BC, suggesting that the Sinauli site is more likely to be at the later end of the radiocarbon dating range. Furthermore, this type of sword does not originate in Southeast Asia but is traced back to Europe.>>18542584Its a spammer.
>>18541413>10.2 ppm in the atmospheric concentration of CO2I bet it was just some volcanic eruption
>>18542865Well, you are miserably wrong.Read the article
>>18542584You're just too dumb to understand, someone being genetically similar to another person doesn't actually mean anything about their culture (which is what actually matters when talking about bronze production) .
Hyperborea in its prime populated by 100% genetically pure aryans must have been something. They must have been the Atlanteans of myth.
>>18541447>half of them had brown eyestbf modern north euros have a lot of brown eyed people too, it's easy to forget that sometimes because of the memes.
>>18542971You damned worm with brain cancer, did anyone here say in no uncertain terms that they were the exact same culture? No. The point is, whether you like it or not, whether it hurts you or not, whether it gives you nightmares, these people were European, they spoke European languages, they had a mythology comparable to even shared poetic formulas. They were just a subgroup of northern Europeans who lived in Asia.
>>18543138You basing your argument that they were European in genetics terms, only now you decide instead that they must have been "culturally European", why the sudden change?
>>18543053>halfI think you're either blind or being paid to be dumb most samples don't have brown eyes, these populations to be predominantly blue-eyed I think you'd also be surprised to learn that a population that is 100% homogeneous in terms of the frequency of blue eyes and blond hair is impossible, wouldn't you?
>>18543146Why does it matter whether they had blue eyes or brown eyes, or white skin vs. black skin, you agree that culture is what ultimately matters and they were "culturally European".
>>18543145Worm, read it again>these people were European, they spoke European languages, they had a mythology comparable to even shared poetic formulas.They share several cultural characteristics because they are derived from the same ancestral population and shared a not-too-distant common ancestor Just like the cultures that used war chariots in the ancient Near East and the Nordic Bronze Age, such as the Andronovo and Sintashta cultures, this motif is actually found in almost all European cultures. Andronovo ceramic vessels display geometric patterns and swastikas, solar symbols that appear identically in European Bronze Age pottery, especially in the Unetice Culture and the Urnfield Culture, fire worship, kurgans, architecture, clothing, etc.
>>18542565>>18542971>>18543145Why are you acting like a resentful schizophrenic and disrupting the thread? You started by posting G25 models unrelated to the topic itself?
For the sake of the thread's sanity, it's best not to feed the troll. Returning to the thread
>>18543146nigger stop being so defensive, I was just making an observation. god
>>18541437>>18541413Something that strikes me about these agricultural societies is what their main means of subsistence would have been. I don't believe that limiting them to nomadic herders is the most accurate definition at this time. These examples, as well as an archaeological site in Aketala, provide evidence of agro-pastoralism. Not all Andronovo groups were purely pastoral.
>>18543146WE WUZ CHINESE AND SHIT.Looks like the opium war was justified since the chinese are foreigners in their own country and the british should have taken it over since they have more blue eyed people
>>18543164So why are you posting g25 coordinates, when I have already proven to you that they are meaningless in proving identity or culture, and you seem to agree?
>>18543193Sure, but I don't think they were entirely farmers or that this was their main means of subsistence.
>>18541413>>18541437>>18541447Patting yourself on the back is really pathetic. Other people are supposed to say well done. That's like me saying congratulations to myself if I pass an exam instead of other people telling me.
>>18543204>>18543201Not reading lol
>>18543209Yes, that's why the term "agropastoralist"—I believe only the Indo-European EBA were vehemently nomadic pastoralists, but being an agropastoralist didn't limit their mobility.
>>18543215No problem, I do>well done, Europeans! For creating an industrial revolution in the Bronze Age, something that certain peoples haven't been able to do even thousands of years later, you guys are awesome!>>18543177It's a guy doing sameflaggin lol
>>18543217Congratulations
>>18543228Stop patting yourself on the back OP it's pathetic.Can someone else please jerk this guy off?He's pathetically jerking himself.
>>18543222>>18543222Perhaps the city of Semiyarka had a similar economy? This site, associated with the Andronovo Alekseevka-Sargary, which even had a similar economy, could have used a similar economy? The site represents a unique settlement with planned architecture—including a central monumental structure.
>>18543238Damn, I posted the wrong image! The related photo isn't specifically about the city of Semiyarka, but about the settlements in Aketala in Tarim. But the argument stands. To sustain this massive metallurgical production on an industrial scale, perhaps a purely pastoral economy wouldn't have been sufficient.
>>18543242>>18543238I think that makes sense, but it's not very relevant to the thread anyway, but thanks for the contribution, it was very interesting.>>18543236Stop disrupting my thread, idiot.
>>18542547Isn't the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere not localized? I used CO2 concentrations as a proxy for global metal production in my analysis.
>>18543217I'll state my case again, until I get a proper answer:So why are you posting g25 coordinates, when I have already proven to you that they are meaningless in proving identity or culture, and you seem to agree?
So THIS was the true Bronze Age Mindset?
>>18543170Someone else brought up G25, I replied demonstrating that it is meaningless. Why are you or whoever posting G25 if you don't want people to talk about it?
>>18543236I'm not the author of OP, you worm. But it's funny that you're complaining about the European conquest since the Bronze Age, hahaha. Cry more, you know how much it hurts you. we've already educated 2/3 of the world in our history, and relax, you don't need to submit to us anymore, ike everyone did during the colonial era u just need to humbly acknowledge who the protagonist of the world is.
Again, Why are you feeding the trolls? (If it's not just one idiot) We're straying from the main topic to give attention to resentful people. Just ignore them.
>>18543248See>>18543217 stop talking to me
>>18543261If you want to stop "feeding" the troll then delete your posts with g25 screenshots and I will go away. I don't mean to disrupt your thread but I make it a habit to post this image >>18542565 whenever someone brings g25 or population genetics up.
>>18543264I'll state my case again, until I get a proper answer:So why are you posting g25 coordinates, when I have already proven to you that they are meaningless in proving identity or culture, and you seem to agree?
>>18543255Modern europeans are like modern greeks. No connection to the ancients. No industry, no ai, no influence. Europe was already dead and buried 25 years ago.What is there to be proud of? Something that happened ten thousand years ago?
>>18543244>but it's not very relevant to the thread anywayI am aware that it is not. I only wanted to raise some questions about how these societies might correlate with their possible means of subsistence
What did they receive in exchange of high quality non fraudlent tin and copper?
>>18543269>>18543267For the last time, read this, my friend>>18543217
>>18543266Wow, you are a retard
>>18543275They got scammed with low grade copper
>>18543277>>18543279I'll state my case again, until I get a proper answer:So why are you posting g25 coordinates, when I have already proven to you that they are meaningless in proving identity or culture, and you seem to agree?
Although resentful trolls are doing their best to turn this into a Reddit thread, Still on the subject of metal production, it seems that Yamnaya in the Middle Volga region and the Southern Ural Mountains were participating in the production of both items and artifacts made of meteoric iron, at least for religious purposes. Radiocarbon data dates the kurgans to around the first half of the third millennium BC. (I'm using my cell phone, I don't have the article now) and in 2019 some authors conducted new research on the chemical composition of the surface of the metal items using modern and superior equipment for stable isotope analysis of lead, and indeed, the meteoric origin of the iron was confirmed. Remember, in the third millenniumhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/356219444_METEORIC_IRON_IN_PRODUCTION_AND_RELIGIOUS_PRACTICE_OF_THE_YAMNAYA_CULTURE_IN_THE_URALS_REGIONAlso, parts of it are in Russian, so translating them might be necessary.
>>18543298>meteoricYou didn't beat the game
>>18543298>>18541413>Europeans are simply the real-life Viltrumites
>>18543313>capeshit analogyreally now
Calling some Bronze Age retards smelting shit an "industrial revolution" is an insult to the scientists, mathematicians, inventors, and businessmen of Early Modern Europe who actually invented modern industry btw.
>>18543322The UK invented modern industry. The rest of Europe didn't do shit
>>18543330They helped a bit.
>>18543322>is an insult to the scientists, mathematicians, inventors, and businessmen of Early Modern Europe who actually invented modern industry btw.They owe it to their Bronze Age ancestors that started advanced metallurgy
>>18543330Looking at the UK today, I don't believe it
>>18543322Also, hail Vishnu!
>These networks connected remote ore-rich regions to far-flung consumer communities, laying the foundations for long-distance exchange that foreshadowed the later Silk Roads. Yet, behind this technological achievement lies a lesser-known environmental story. This paper explores the environmental and economic impact of Bronze Age metallurgy by integrating archaeological, archaeometallurgical, and paleoenvironmental evidence. Through key case studies such as Kargaly in the Urals and Dzhezkazgan in Kazakhstan-where Late Bronze Age production alone may have exceeded 100,000 tonnes of copper-we reconstruct the scale of extraction and its ecological footprint. The production of just one kilogram of copper could require up to 94 kilograms of wood, highlighting the immense pressure on ancient forests and landscapes. Over generations, this resource demand likely led to deforestation, soil degradation, and early anthropogenic carbon emissions-impacts that are only beginning to be fully appreciated in archaeological discourse. Simultaneously, metallurgy reshaped the economic and political terrain of Eurasian societies. With over half a million artefacts in circulation, metal became both a medium of value and a marker of power, innovation, and interconnection. This paper argues that metallurgy was not merely a technological achievement but a force of historical consequence-altering landscapes, economies, and human relationships to the environment in ways that resonate with today's challenges around sustainability, resource management, and ecological resilience.It was truly a revolution that the Europeans made with the Active Research Project (2024–2029) and they are all integrated into the megaproject DREAM (Discovering the (R)Evolution of Eurasian Metallurgy) for those who want to know more. Expect more to come! To the dismay of some, of course. You can watch some of the team's lecture if you want, they're very interesting!
>It seems that Europeans created a proto-industrial evolution in the Bronze AgeEuropeans aren't really human. The haters are right, we always have been and are too advanced to be categorized under that definition Our problem is our altruism towards them. We won, again
>>18543322It's completely unsurprising that the bronge age only got surpassed in the 19th century. It only makes people uncomfortabke, because it doesn't fot their idea of linear progress. It is well known that the iron age was a catastrophe of an incomprehensible scale.
>>18543520This
