Original Post: https://archive.4plebs.org/pol/thread/543013530/I found the oldest known reference to material that later becomes the Goetia. It is in the Summa Sacre Magice (Compendium of Sacred Magic), written in 1346 by the Catalan magician Berengarius Ganellus (also Berengario Ganell).Ganellus was a Catalan scholar working in Perpignan (Crown of Aragon). He called himself “magister philosophus”. Little else is known about him beyond the text itself: He was writing in middle age by 1346 (he gives the date Monday, 10 July 1346 in one ritual), he had spent time in northern France (he compares magicians’ hoods to those of Parisian licentiates), and he worked in a multicultural environment where Latin, Catalan, Hebrew, Arabic, and Greek magical traditions mixed. Unlike most medieval magical authors who hid behind pseudepigraphy, he put his own name on the work.The Summa is huge (over 200,000 words, five books, 85 chapters) and is one of the most complete surviving overviews of Latin medieval ritual magic. It covers spirit conjuration, early versions of the Almadel, material on the Shemhamphorash, Solomon’s rings and pentagram, Candarii (talismans), Sigillum Dei variants, hierarchies of spirits, including the four demon kings of the cardinal directions and their subordinates (the “thrones of Tartarus”), methods of invocation, consecration of tools, planetary magic and much more.It draws on earlier sources linked to a 12th-century “Solomon” (not the biblical king, but a Latin Christian magician, educated cleric or layman, who compiled and transmitted material on Solomonic and proto-Kabbalistic ritual magic during the time of the Crusades), Ydea Salomonis, Toz Graecus (known as Iohé Grevis in the Key of Solomon, the Latin version of the Byzantine Magical Treatise of Solomon/Hygromanteia), Honorius (of Liber Juratus) and Jewish texts (including ideas related to Shi’ur Qomah).
It is not a chaotic scrapbook, Ganellus redacted the material into a relatively coherent system.This is more than 200 years earlier than the oldest surviving copies of the Liber Officiorum Spirituum, the source for Weyer’s Pseudomonarchia Daemonum, which fed into Scot’s Discoverie of Witchcraft and then the Lemegeton’s Ars Goetia.The main Latin manuscript is Kassel 4° Ms. astron. 3 (once owned by Trithemius and annotated by John Dee) in University Library Kassel – State Library and Murhard Library of the City of Kassel, in the state of Hesse, Germany. A full 16th-century German translation also survives in Berlin. The text was largely forgotten until the late 20th century (noted by Kristeller, studied by Gilly, transcribed by Damaris Gehr). The first major English translation is by Stephen Skinner & Daniel Clark (Golden Hoard, 2025 onward). Joseph Peterson has also published partial online versions.This pushes organized demon hierarchies of the Goetia type back to mid-14th-century Catalonia.https://z-library.biz/book/2g83VJVvKd/summa-sacre-magice.htmlhttps://welib.org/md5/7516d713e1841528503bd0b94a3bbc0b
>Chapter 9. Of the formation of the images and Offices>[Spirit Appearance]>As you saw above, you need an idea of the [image of] the called spirit, and you could not have it unless you knew how it appears to the one who invokes it. And you need to know the spirit's Office, so that you will know what you are asking him for when he comes, so that the work is undamaged. Therefore I set [down] here for you, some of the duties and appearances of a very few spirits, so that if you had no other book [of magic], you might at least be able to do something with this one>First of all, it is about the appearance with which the image appears, rather than its Office, because it is necessary to know the image or the appearance of the spirit, rather than the Office, because the Office can be [later] asked from the same spirit, when he has already appeared>Solomon therefore says thus of the images in the 5th [Book]:>"Images are the form and figure according to the appearance of the spirits.">Whence you know that it differs there from the idea in the plural. Because he teaches there to make a universal images for many spirits, whom he called by the strength of his great wisdom, of which you can take the individual formation for each one by calling a spirit, saying:>"Image is a figure comprehended according to the appearance of the spirit called, that is, according to that way in which the called spirit appears.">And the images he says in the same 5th [Book], "must be done in the [planetary] days and hours that are under the dominion of the [region], where the spirits who can be called do live", that is, those whom he must call for that work. Wherefore he says he is forced to give you outside the forms in which it was accustomed to appear, and especially the chief kings, from whom you can have vernacular [spirits]
>[Spirit Register-Table 10] [Eastern spirits]>The King of Eos [the East], therefore, who is called ORIENNENS, has this image, that is, such a figure of apparition to the eyes of the invoker, when he comes:>He himself rides on an elephant with a most splendid howdah, and before him [go musicians with] cymbals, trumpets, horns and various musical instruments>And there must be included in his image figures and characters or seals composed of the letters of his name, of his direction, of his Office, of his wind, of his season, of his planet, and of his sign, both in front of him and behind him, and on each side of him one of these princes of his subjects appears, as I was wont to do. As you will see, there is more if you want more. And this is done in general work, says Toz the Greek. But if he is called alone, and he comes alone he is covered with a black cape, like a black horse>The first prince, then, who is under his power, is the king. And he is called BAAL. He appears under the likeness of a man having three heads: a toad, a man, and a mule with slurred speech>The second, who is called AGAROS, rides on a crocodile in the manner of an old, benevolent and sweet man, holding a hawk in his hand>The third is called BARBAS, who appears in the image of a ferocious lion, although at the command of the exorcist he takes on human form>The fourth is called GUFFLAS, a leader and [L2, f. 30] this prince appears in the form of fire, having a large head like a swan or a nightingale [or night raven]>The fifth is called AMON, a great marquis, appearing like a wolf, having a serpent's tail and the teeth of a dog, and projecting a flame from its mouth>Another is a strong leader, like a bear with a serpent's tail, casting a flame from his mouth, who is called AYARAN
>Another is called GORSON, a king and leader with the form of a man and the face of a lion, with a large body and an imperial diadem, carrying a terrible viper in his hand, riding on a wild bear, and always [having) before him four pipers leading>Another, called ALGOR, appears in the likeness of a handsome soldier, carrying a lance with a standard [flag] and a shield>Another is called VORAX, and is a marquis, he appears as an archer holding a bow with his quiver, and wearing an iron gown that covers him well>Another is called GOASAS, a great chief, like a dog with the wings of a griffin>Another SEPAR, comes up separately, and this great leader appears in the likeness of a mermaid-fish>Another, SALMASA, a marquis, appears as a knight equipped with a lion's head, riding on a pale horse>SEHYR, the leader and marquis, appears in the form of a stork with [both] a hoarse and a subtle voice>You have had enough of the servants of EOY the king in the East, when he walks with them while summoning them and constraining them to [the work of their Offices>Southern spirits>The king of the south is AMAYMON crowned, says Salomon in the 5th [Book], with his crown (like ORIENNES) in the image of an old man with a large beard and horse hair, riding on an elephant, and like a stranger on a dromedary or lion, carrying a spear, with an osprey or sea eagle in his hand>He also says in the First [Book] of Solomon, that there must be a space where the image of his appearance is recorded, in which his bond and his conjuration are written
>And just as he will say about this, so you will understand about every spirit, except that the bond of major kings is more lengthy than that of slaves [lesser spirits]-shorter, whence from the aforesaid anyone can form a short conjuration in a few words for any particular spirit that he wants to call, as when you made a large circle on the skin that you have divided it into quarters (or seven parts) into east, south, west, north, and you wrote or painted his images in the part where the spirit lives, that is, his image or appearance with his name, character and Office, saying:>"I am such a person (N) who does this and that according to what Office he has" or another conjuration like this: "I conjure you, (N), by this and by that" read there the semaphores of that part, ie. write, or if you wish to work briefly, conjure there only through the 3[rd Semaphore] of Adam, that is, through those 23 letters and its exposition, and that is enough. Or if you want some general semaphore that causes spirits to speak and appear, that is enough>Hence you see well that you can call these together, as Solomon did, or each [spirit] by itself>And I advise you that at first you should wisely and early call upon them one by one in [each of the] different seasons. And when you have seen them individually, or some of them, then you will be able to call them boldly together>The first under the power of AMAYMON is ADMODAY, a strong king. appearing in the form of a beautiful family member, says Solomon in the 5th [Book]. But Toz the Greek says: like a lion. And another teacher says: with three heads: a bull, a human, and a ram. And perhaps the whole is one, because he speaks to Toz the Greek, and to foreigners - about what he wants
>Another is BYLETH, who says that Solomon appears there, like a lion or a dog, but returns to human form, riding on a pale horse, crowned with a bright crown, with a pipe and other musicians leading before him, as that teacher says, because he also says that ADMODAY, the father of BILETH, has a serpentine tail and which throws a flame [out] through his mouth, and the feet of an ass, and that he rides on an infernal dragon>The other is BERILH or BEELFERITH, who appears as a red knight with a red horse and red clothes and a red ducal crown>Another is called ASTAROTH, appearing like an eagle to the angels and a wild [man] with eyes shining like a flame, riding on an infernal dragon, [12. 1. 31] bearing in his right hand a living serpent or a viper, so says Solomon in the 5th [Book]. Toz the Greek adds, saying that he has an eye in his breast, which kills any mortal who sees it>PARCHAS is another, appearing as a ferocious bear, and a stranger - in human form, who is a great prince. And the other teacher said that he [comes] in the form of a marquis>The other is MARGOAS, an ugly wolf with the wings of a griffin and the tail of a serpent, throwing a flame out through his mouth, and taking a human form if so commanded>Whence it is known, that Toz the Greek says, that AMAYMON has 8 great kings, as his associates, not slaves, with whom he comes and appears when he is called, who are: ADMODAY, BILETH, ANETH, BOAL, BINE, FORMYONE, BRYMMONE, BEELFERITH. He calls these companions of AMAYMONIS, and the others [which are] his servants>MALAPAS, another of his servants, appears first as a raven, and secondly as a man with a hoarse voice>The other has a double name and is called VOLATH or OLER, appearing, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], as a little child, having wings like angels, and he is a great prince, as he himself asserts, and rides on a dragon having two heads
>The other is called ANDRIFLIDES, a wonderful leader, appearing like a unicorn, but it is clear that he can transform himself into human form at the will of his master>Another is called ANDRIFLIS, a great prince, who appears like a peacock, roaring and making sounds, and sometimes, says Solomon, with a human form>The second OZE is addressed as a leopard, after his second [form] as a man>The other is called BURMAN, a proud count, appearing in an angelic form very bright with wonderful speech, and is called in another way LYMΥΜΑ, as they say>The other is called TROUBAS [TURBAS], appearing in the shape of a horse, and coming, if forced, as a man>Another is called GUERGES, appearing as a soldier, riding proudly on a black horse>Another is called BUSYN, appearing in the form of a strong and beautiful woman with a hoarse speaking voice, she is a strong leader>Another CAMAR, appearing within a flame of fire, set behind an assumed human form>And although AMAYMON has an infinite number of other servants, these are enough for you, indeed three or four would have been enough for you, because you could have from them all the others. The liberality of knowledge causes so many to be made available, and because [sometimes] one wants a [specific) duty, which the other does not have, or care for>Western spirits>PAYMON is the king of the west. And Solomon says in the 5th [Book], that he appears in many ways, but the way in which he is more accustomed to appear in is riding on a dromedary, crowned with the brightest crown, with the face of a woman. And many legions go before him with trumpets and cymbals, and all kinds of musicians, approaching unjustly with great shouts and roars, although some are there behaving kindly and speaking in their throats, so as not to be understood
>Under him is BELYAL, the king, who appears, says Solomon, in the form of a great king, riding with his weapons. The Greek Toz says that he appears as angels, riding on a chariot of fire>Another is called BASSAN, who appears with three heads: a canine, a human, and a sheep, and he is a terrible and great king. Nor is it surprising that he has 3 heads, says Toz the Greek, and has a serpentine tail and a fiery flame shooting from out of his mouth, and carries a hawk in his hand, riding on a most ferocious bear>Another, CYRAY, appearing with a female face in human form, benevolent and sweet, is a great marquis>PLUTOAL is another great leader, he appears in the form of a dark black angel>Another is a leader and count, and is called MURMUR, he appears, says Solomon, as a ducal soldier crowned, riding on a buffalo, with a quivering weapon in his right hand>Another ZAYM, a wizard, appears as a crow>ARPAS is a count appearing like a stork, speaking with a hoarse voice>DAGAM - is a great prince in the likeness of a bull, having wings like claws>ELEU - is a great prince appears in the likeness of a black buffalo. And Toz the Greek says, that this man is so very bold, that he asks for sacrifices, that cocks and hens are given [to him), and then he is a liar to those [who have invoked him]. But if she is forced by virtue, the lady is not a liar, and you know that the spirits [who] sacrifice [L.2, f. 32] are liars and deceivers, but they are truthful and fulfil the commandments of their followers>And it is true that here [and there), their knowledge is based on the religion which the exorcist holds, or on his sect, if he does not hold the Law. Like the Arabs, who hold to the accursed sect of Mahomet, whom John calls a beast in the Apocalypse, just like antixpm [the Antichrist], because he taught beastly things and was so employed. This sect is not a religion, although it is called so by foreigners
>But the operator of that land, or knowing that suit, bases this knowledge on it without knowing anything about the others. And thus the spirits doubly lie to themselves. Either because he [the exorcist] holds a sect, or a false law, which is the basis of this magical work. And so from a false foundation comes a false building>Or because he holds the true law, for example in modern times the Christian law, but falsely, erring in it, and transgressing the commandments. Or by sacrificing to foreign gods, as in the purpose of ELEU itself. And then God orders that the spirits themselves are liars to these liars, in both ways. Therefore there is no evil law-keeper for a magician>Either to the one who holds the truth, or to the one who sacrifices to it. You believe that in such [cases] as in most cases they lie and answer imperfectly. And they work in vain like enemies, because they are not constrained by the true power of the true God, without which they do nothing good, except rarely to deceive, and the whales of the law follow them because of some rare turns by which they satisfy a little vanity>So you want to be strong enough to verify them, be strong in the true law, for thus you will answer them. The other is not [strong]. And that such things are true is evident in the 4th and 7th [Book] in many places through Solomon. And by Toz the Greek in many paragraphs, about this same ELEU. It is clear that ELEU lies to those who sacrifice [to him], but to others who work in the power of the Lord, he tells the peaceful truth
>Another [name] is ALMAZA, who appears in human form as a soldier all red, speaking, as Solomon says, with a low and subdued voice>Hence it is known that kings have certain spirits who tempt and stupefy the unsuspecting exorcist. Wherefore let him be careful where he trusts himself, well in the knowledge of making a circle, that the enemy cannot enter there, and in the confidence that the name of God is protecting him, because if he is not afraid, they cannot harm him in that way>And let him know that a short-tempered man, after whom they came, appeared promptly with all his heart. And another doing the speaking, after which they appeared. And having someone else calm them down and listen to them if they are angry. And the chains let him know if they are rebels. And those who have these need not be afraid of him, nor be astonished at anything. Because after they [the spirits] come, he can do what he wants with them and repel all their attempts>As another spirit is the servant of PAYMONUS, who suddenly rises from the midst of kings, and when he has already come, he terrifies and tempts his master, appearing imaginably as a terrible dragon, and this one is called RASCOR. Therefore, as it has been said the teacher should be careful, because spirits are strong against the weak and weak against the strong, therefore blessed [Pope] Gregory says that he [the devil] only conquers the willing>Another servant of PAYMONYS is ANZERYER or ANSERIER, a great leader, and he appears, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], as a soldier with a polished and grey face, bearing in his right hand a great and wonderful eagle>CORCORNIFER is a leader, appearing with gentle angels>FORFORNIFER is likewise a leader, appearing as a soldier with a bull's head, carrying a burning log in his right hand. And these three: ANSERIER, CORCORNIFER, and FORFORNIFER are of the same Office
>Saturnales [Northern] spirits>EGYN is the great king of the north. And Solomon says in the 5th [Book], that he rides like an imperial or royal majesty, fully armed and dressed with black colours. [L2, f. 33] And this, says Toz the Greek, is the son of ARPUR, the lieutenant of LUCIFER, therefore he is a magician, as you will see in the Offices. He also says that two spirits always come with him: one from the right, the other from the left, because they serve him, that is, OZYAL, and the other - ALAFEL. Those who, if they are called alone, have the same duties on their part as EGYN, their father>Another of his subjects is called MUSSAYL, he is a marquis, and he appears in the form of a monster or brute>The other is called UMBRA, appearing, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], like a giant, speaking with a simple and subdued voice, and he is a magician-leader>The other is called PARPAR, the leader of the sorcerers, he appears like a camel, but takes human form when he is commanded>The other is called ANABOTH, he is a leader, and he appears as a soldier armed with ducal gifts, crowned, with a grey or pale horse, carrying in his hand a lance with a banner>The other is called NAZAGO, a chief magician and appears, says Solomon, as beautiful as the angels, and he is very faithful>The other is called GEMINUS, and is a strong soldier with a red horse and hoarse speech>Another GEYL, is a sorcerous count, appearing as an elephant>EQUYNOS is the second chief magician, he appears as a ferocious magical bear, with a fiery tail proceeding from his mouth>FATUEL, the wizard count, appears as a ferocious bear with a childish voice>TERIPLEX, the magi-leader or marquis, appears as fair as the angels>VELOX or VELOY, a magician of the marquis, appears as a pale horse with a lion's head>URAAL, a magician of the marquis, appears in the image of a soldier speaking in a hoarse voice
>Now Solomon says in the 5th [Book], that after hearing of these apparitions, and depicting each one in his own region, he has to place over the head of each one his name with his Office. And if you want to take control of these princes, you can put there the forms of their appearances, whence you will know that BEELZEBUB comes as a handsome householder with a long nose, with a crown of hair, so that the hairs of his head form the shape of a royal crown with three horns on his head, as we have seen, and brings with him four kings>And SATHANAS appears in human form, holding in his right hand a lily flower with a bright crown in the four Moons>And in the eastern part of the universal images is placed the head of the great prince LUCIFER, a declaration of obedience for them all. And above his head is his name, and in his pride he says: "I am LUCIFER, who presides over all and from whatever quarters I bring them to you, command them and it will be done.">And note that in the large image, LUCIFER is depicted with the four Moons, like SATAN, on his head, and with a large beard and white hair, except that he does not hold a lily flower, like SATAN, nor a cup in his left like SATAN, who holds a lily in his right, in on the left - a cup full of poison>And the pride of BEELZEBUB says: "We are BEELZEBUB, the master of all works, command and it shall be done.">SATHANAS says: "I am the one who brings my servants, and I give, and I reward, I command and it will be done.">And thus every one boasts of his name and Office. Therefore these Offices should be said [during conjuration]
>Of the duties of the spirits>The ORIENNENS has 100 legions, he was of the order of Dominions, and he answers about the present, the past, and the future, which things all must do courteously, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], some gratuitously, some violently. He gives good family members, and sanctifies and gives strength to all things newly built: whether they are characters, or seals, or treasure and money, and he gives knowledge of physics>BAAL has 66 legions from the order of the rulers. He gives the love of women, and armed warriors, and invisibility, and wisdom>AGAROS has 29 legions and is of the order of Virtues. He teaches all ignorant or uncultivated men, makes fugitives safe and recalcitrant, and destroys and restores men's honours>BARBAS is of the order of the rulers, having 36 legions. His duty is to weaken, [L2, f. 34] to teach mathematical sciences, to make transformations for man, and other things>SUFFAUS, having 26 legions from the order of Thrones, is the cause of war and discord, and is very vain in his answers unless he is masterfully compelled, says Toz the Greek, but then he tells the truth about whatever is asked>He is to be forced masterfully to do it with a one year old hazel wand, [pointed] outside the circle around the triangle [facing] in the direction of the spirit. Then command him to climb onto the head of the wand and then drag him to the triangle, from which he cannot come out until it [the triangle] is destroyed. And if he does not want to mount the wand, read the Chain of Spirits belonging to that part, and he will go up, and there you will soften and [allow him] to reconsider until he tells the truth. And so that always happens with liars in the Art
>AMON, having 40 legions under his command, is the lord of all beasts. The same leads them to the exorcist and gives him the favour of friends and enemies. And it gives true answers about the past, present and future>MARAN has 36 legions of the order of Virtues. He teaches the properties of stones and herbs. And he carries men suddenly from one country to another>GORSON, of the double order, Throne and Power, having 72 legions. It shows the locations of treasures and finds them truthfully. He answers about the past, present and future, and about the creation of wealth and the creation of the world. And he gives good familiar spirits to the seeker>ALGOR, is of the order of Thrones, and has 36 legions. He gives answers to hidden [issues], weapons of warriors, and the favour of kings and the great>VORAX, from the order of Thrones, has 26 legions. He gives infinite ballistae [missiles] to aid [an army], and makes them last for 3 days>GOASAS, having 26 legions from the order of Thrones, has the understanding of bird's [language], and kills [enemies] with the sword. He gives grace, and he renders invisible. Separately, from the order of Thrones, having 50 legions, he brings ships full of armed men. And he makes appear a great sea, full of galleys or ships, and makes war [for the magician] against his enemies>SALMAZA, of the order of Thrones, has 50 legions, gives good family members, and builds camps and towers with weapons and makes them last for 3 days. And he wounds men and putrefies their wounds>SEHYR, of the order of Powers, having 46 legions, his Office, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], is to make invisible, inaudible, and insensible. And he snatches treasures, horses, and furniture from the houses of kings or others. And he makes men and women stand senseless, as long as the exorcist pleases
>AMAYMON - says Solomon in the 5th [Book], is the first king over all that southern part, he has great power and is the lord of love, he likes purity, he sows love and harmony, and has different appearances in the air. He confirms and consecrates all the experiences pertaining to its direction [sector]. And he gives more vernacular [spirits], and Toz the Greek says, love, and he makes treasures and appearances, with great pleasure. And a certain minor teacher says that when he comes, the exorcist should hand over to him a letter or petition, in which is contained an account of philosophy and the state of the world, for he propagates such prayers. And Toz the Greek says that he exists under the dominion of Beelzebub>ADMODAY has many legions, and is of the order of Powers. He is a teacher, says Salomon, of instruments and music. And the Masters say that he teaches the full quadrivium And he gives true answers to the questions asked. And he renders man invisible. He shows the locations of treasures. And he expels demons from bodies>BILETH, is of the order of Powers, having 36 legions, he renders men wonderful in philosophy and in other arts. He gives true answers to the past, present and future, and makes people move from country to country quickly. And he is a factor of character. And he gives good family members>[L2, f. 35] BELLFERITH, of the order of Thrones, having 26 legions, as Salomon says in the 5th [Book], is a liar to himself. He is the transformer of metals into gold. And he gives gems; and homes; and riches; and dignities>ASTAROTH, is of the order of Thrones, having 40 legions. He gives true answers to the past, present, and future, and gladly tells of hidden things and of their creation and fall, how they arose and fell. He renders man wonderful in all the liberal arts, and speaks gladly of the creation of the world and of all things, says Solomon in the 5th [Book] book, [already] quoted several times
>Hence note that Toz the Greek says that Astaroth tells exorcists, that he did not fall by force from paradise, but beyond, and behind them the doors of heaven are closed to him. And what an intolerable and deadly stench is produced by him, who would destroy it unless it were the ring of ATYMATACUY and the holy book of invocation, which the artist should hold before his face, when he shall see him coming, with faithfulness full of plums and sandalwood seeds - between himself and the called party [the spirit]. And if he finds any rebel [spirit], - [do what] has already been taught above. Then he [the spirit] will place himself in the triangle, and [you] will humble him with the bond. And if the place is such that it does not need to [cannot] be painted with triangles, let him carry sieved ashes into the chapel, in which the triangles are scattered from outside>PARCHAS has 39 legions and is of the order of Thrones, and Solomon says in the 5th [Book] that he knows the virtues of gems and herbs, and all arts. And he makes himself invisible and intelligent, and pretends to [know] the places of treasures. But one of the teachers adds, which makes a young man. And that sight is not entirely lost, but he recovers it>MARGOAS - says Toz the Greek - is of the order of Dominions and has 30 legions. He is the god of weapons and combat. And he answers with truth and is faithful in all things that he can do or knows>MALAPAS is of the order of Dominions, he has 20 legions. And Solomon says in the 5th [Book], that he makes houses and towers in a moment for the destruction of the enemy. Toz the Greek says that he gives his relatives to the exorcist [as familiar spirits]. And if he is worshipped, he is unfaithful, but if he is asked [or ordered], he is faithful. This is well know
>OLER is of the order of Virtues, having 20 legions. And Solomon says in the 5th [Book], that he shows all the places of treasures, where the serpents are. And he gathers all the serpents at the will of the caller>ANDRIPHLIGES is of the order of Virtues, having 30 legions, of whom Solomon says that he surpasses the exorcist in knowledge. And Toz the Greek says that he can transform himself into the likeness of a teacher, that he may take such a place in his lecture or some other work, which indeed he performs as a teacher, so excellently and well, that the teacher thereby acquires the highest honour and advantage. And he teaches and makes [his students] play all kinds of music. And he makes the games of the trees appear, and turns the trees into doors, of the kind of the exorcist [needs?]. And he spends the faithful natives>ANDRIFLIS, is of the same order, and has as many legions, and Solomon says in the 5th [Book], that he knows geomancy, geometry, augury, and causes a man to be transformed into a bird, and likewise [into] other things>OZE, partly of Thrones, partly of angels, having 20 legions, who, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], transforms men into another form and makes man weak. And he makes a vision for the man that is like a king, and he makes him hold the diadem for three days, and he appears to him for three years and does everything that the man wants. And he himself belonged to the first order, that is, to the angels>BRUMAN, of the chorus of Virtues, partly of Dominions, partly of Thrones, having 21 legions, of which Solomon says in the 5th [Book], that it makes him weak and invisible. And he recognizes the power of stones and herbs. And about this and about many others [L2, f. 36] says Toz the Greek, that he looks to his throne, i.e. to his seat in paradise, to return after the day of the supreme judgment for 1200 years
>TURBAS has 20 legions, of the order of Dominions, of which Toz the Greek says, that it pleases him much to speak of the power of God, and he gives the truth about these [things] and about universals, and about divinity and creation, and he never willingly tries, nor allows himself to be tried. He confers prerogatives and dignities, and the favour of all enemies, as well as friends>GUERGES, from the choir of Virtues, has 36 legions. He who, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], knows well the seven arts, gives dignities and honours, knows places of enchanted treasures, makes people firmly believe hidden things, and crosses seas and rivers at one stroke>BUSYN, of the order of Virtues, having 26 legions, knows well the present, the past, and the future, and transports the bodies of the dead from place to place. And if he is ordered, he causes one of his spirits to enter the funeral, so that he [the body] appears to be alive, speaks with his friends and great men, performs the works which before [he could not], and because he is not alive, he has to pretend to eat>THAMAR is about the choir of Powers, having 26 legions, partly from the order of Thrones, partly from the angels. He gives the best vernacular [familiars], instructs in the arts, favours man with the magnates, and is the god of treasures guarded by the spirits and held by them>They have several other [spirits] under [the rulership of] AMAYMON, whom I omit for the sake of brevity, except that there is one called NALAPA, appearing like a lion with the wings of a griffin. Who, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], knows magic well; And Toz the Greek says that he is a good triconist, 300 spatholomantic, phitontic, and mathematician, and he knows well everything that tends to [aid] divination. He has 36 legions of the order of Virtues
>A triconizer, that is, a ringer or summoner, an africon that is a ringer or a trumpeter, [especially] the trumpet of Neptune or Pallas, the goddess of war, and is [a term] taken for a magician who rings or summons spirits or contends with them>Western Spirits>PAYMON - king of the west, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], is with great demons and vernacular [spirits] in that direction, and has there all those powers that ORIENNES [has] in the east, and AMAYMON has in the south, and beyond this he knows well the seven liberals arts, and the whole of black magic, with all its parts. And he does likewise [know] the confirmations and consecrations of all those who are under the power of EGYN [north]. And he knows the strength of herbs and stones. And the position of the world, he has 500 legions, and he was of different orders: partly that of Archangels, partly of Virtues, partly of Powers, but he himself was of the order of Cherubim. And Toz the Greek says that he never comes alone because of his personal excellence>BELYAL, says Salomon, does the same thing as PAYMON and gives the favour of his friends. And he showed the places of the treasures. And Toz the Greek says, that all things which are held by the preceding, are held by this [spirit]. In addition to those concerning the situation of the world, he gives the best vernaculars [familiars], and has 98 legions of Virtues and Archangels. This [spirit], with BILETH and ADMODAY, because of their arrogance, was interred by Solomon in the glass vessel in the well of Babylon with 3,000,000 other legions>BASSAN, - says Solomon in that 5th [Book], - renders a wise and invisible man, and Toz the Greek says that he answers truthfully about the past, present and future, and is of the order of Dominions, and has four legions>CYRAY [L2, f. 37] He gives love, teaches languages, carries suddenly from place to place, his legions are 36 of Thrones and a choir of angels
>PLUTOAL, he tells the truth about everything, the god of genius and the liberal arts, causes lymph to appear in dry places, and existing waters to come to the baths, where all diseases are cured, he has 28 legions of the order of Powers>MURMUR, concerns the order of Dominions, has 25 legions, partly of Thrones, partly of angels. He knows how to teach the Art of magic wonderfully, and to bring lustrous souls before the triconizer [summoner] for giving him answers>ZAYM holds 35 legions from the order of the Thrones. This spirit, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], draws money from the kings' houses and carries it to where he is commanded. And he urges the destruction of towns and cities, because he is their teacher and destroyer. He gives thanks to enemies and friends, and restores prelature [rank] without reparation>ARPAS is of the order of Powers, having 26 legions. He is the lord of buildings, he knows well how to build towers, citadels, ships, and camps full of [spirit] warriors, who pass for human form>DAGAM has 28 legions from the order of Thrones and angels. Who, - says Toz the Greek, - when he is forced to take the human form, is ingenious and subtle, making all the transformations either of men, or of metals, or of coins, or of wine, or of water, or of oil, or of blood, or of the rest, so that [even] fools become wise>ELEU has 27 legions, he was of the order of Archangels, a teacher of rhetoric, mathematics and invisibility>ALMAZA has 20 legions and is of the order of Powers, and he, says Toz the Greek, is a theorist, a rhetorician, a dialectician, skilled in the liberal arts and a teacher in all philosophy. And he knows how to spread treasures, for God is in them, and gives grace to all peoples
>ANSERIER has 26 legions, a mixture of Thrones, and angels, and he is a python [oracle], a necromancer, a pyromancer [diviner by fire], and wonderfully knowledgeable in all the arts of divination, and perfectly teaches the trivium with its parts, and gives true answers, as is customary, in general and about the occult in particular. And he gives good things to his relatives, and he knows the strength of stones and herbs>CORCORNIFER was of the order of Dominions. And FORFORNIFER has the same Office as ANSERIER, having no legions>Northern Spirits>EGYN, the king of the north, says Solomon in the 5th [Book), is as wise and able as any other king in his region, and he knows well the power of herbs and gems, and gives the best of his family [for familiars]. And he is a great teacher in liberal arts and in incantations and the like. He was of the order of Dominions, and has 46 legions>MUSSAYL of the order of Powers, having 26 legions, and Solomon says in the 5th [Book], that he speaks of the deity, and happiness which they have lost, and transfers the dead from place to place, and causes all accidents in a small time [rapidly]>UMBRA of the order of Archangels, having under his authority 18 legions, Solomon says that he gives dignities and dominions and elegant familiars, and carries gold or silver from place to place, and that he is faithful>PARPAR of the order of the Archangels, having 24 legions, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], drowns men and ships in the sea, also destroys both cities and camps, makes battles and quarrels, and brings fascinations made through the image of the Sun or the Moon and he knows well the science of tricks>ANABOTH, of the order of Dominions, having 14 legions, is a necromancer, a pyromancer, a chiromantist, a geomancer, and a wonderful mathematician altogether, showing and displaying the places of treasures, and driving out the guardians of the 7th region. He answers the truth about everyone
>[L2, f. 38] NAZAGO has 20 legions from the order of Dominions and Powers, is faithful and wise and a lord of invisibility and is a lord of love. And he [promotes] the transformation and display of treasures, is the restorer of the grace of friends and enemies, and is a true sponsor>Gemini has 27 legions of the order of the Archangels, who, says Solomon, transforms metals into gold, and knows the strength of herbs and stones, and the trivia and all its parts, and Toz the Greek says that this 'trivia" [includes] practical physics and logic, [when usually] it is said that it is grammar, logic, rhetoric>GEYL has 10 legions of the order of Powers, who, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], leads beasts and delivers them, and gives honours and dignities, and carries treasures from place to place, gives the love of women and good family members>EQUINOS, in the order of Powers, having 14 legions, is a wonderful lord of peace and harmony, and conversely, a sower of envy, he depresses and exalts the honoured, and answers the truth about all, and causes souls to appear and unite in the light>FACUEL, of the order of Powers, having 18 legions, has the understanding of birds and animals, and knows well all the idioms of the present, the past, and the future. He shows the places of treasures and drives out the guards from there>TERIPLEX, of the order of the Principalities, having 55 legions, who, says Toz the Greek, is faithful in all the precepts of the exorcist, he has to bind all animals and men, great and small, and this is done by means of an image made by him, and [that] must not be seen or touched by water, unless by an exorcist. And Solomon says in the 5th [Book] that he binds all men, beasts and birds threefold, and all dragons, flies, and all great kings, princes and wise philosophers and women with an image of his portrait
>VELOX has 8 legions of the order of angels, who, says Solomon in the 5th [Book], gives strong familiar spirits and makes men go quickly from region to region, and therefore he is called a swift runner>URAAL has 20 legions from the order of Thrones, who is a good alchemist in the transformation of metals into gold, water into wine, blood into oil, and the rest, such as the fool into the wise, and the visible into the invisible, and vice versa>And there are many other servants of EGYN, for whom Salomon and Toz the Greek set offices, as PAMGALA, a count, whose head is a lion with a horse [body] of fire, who binds soldiers by an image of a military similitude buried, beyond which no soldier can pass without retreating or dying. And likewise he brings treasure from royal places, and brings love between men and women, and has 20 legions of the order of Powers>Similarly, JAMCARPA, a leader, is like a fighting man with the sharpest weapons, who binds the infantry as he goes before the soldiers, and answers the truth about everything, and guarantees the love of women, and has 24 legions of the order of Dominions>And so I do not care to say about many things in this Bible, because I do not wish to be lengthy or brief, because they enjoy the brevity of modernity
>>42998586>>42998592I still have more few interesting things from this text to post in addition to this related to Ezekiel's vision of the Divine Chariot.>Chapter 5. Of the Table of Shemhamphorash.>[Map of the Angel World]>It is a universal [rule] that you should have with you a tablet or a square seal of the holy semaphores, written with crocus and rose water and moss, on clean parchment of a holy deer or calf. And when you want to work or do something [magical], you should open the shaped figure, as you will see later, and you will show it in the sky, in the air, and you will pray to God. And you shall kiss its four corners and in the middle. And thou shalt perfume it with frankincense and thyme, and nourish it with this>And it is she who causes all creatures to fear and tremble, and the winds and spirits and angels and demons, and men and women, because in her are contained the most valued names and greater semaphores of the whole. - And all these are the words of Solomon in chapter 14 who can see that it is universal to have it, because he says “when you do anything, show it in the air.”>And how you use this table in the circle, Solomon teaches you in the 5th [Book], where he says:>“Name every called [spirit]; if you call upon several whom you name, say: ‘Behold, I show you the formation of the world.’ And you will [show] them a table of semaphores and their name semaphores by lines on one large skin, all written below one circle interlined in seven directions, or as many as the heavens contain in themselves, seven [directions] with their Altitudes, signs and planets and with their divisions which are terminal. And in the middle of that circle let a table be placed
>And pointing in the air, he should say: “The spirit of God calls you and the spirit of spirits calls you, may the love of the Creator bind you and humble you to me, and may his power direct you, and may all his love kindly keep you united before me, [with] ardour and charity: His love will cause you to come.”>And if you call only one, say thus: “O such [spirit] (N), here I show you the formation of the world.” The Spirit of God calls you, and the Spirit calls the spirit, may the love of the Creator bind you and humble you to me, and may his power direct you, and may his love look kindly on you appearing before me, may the ardour and charity of his love cause you to come.”>Later, Solomon says there that “on the board [you] must hang one card [or paper] sewn with a black silk thread, and there [it matters not if] you will be in the desert or in the field.”>And it has already been told to you elsewhere by the same person [Solomon, Toz or Honorius] that the names of the called spirits must be suspended with that charter and with the seal of the air [because of the saying] “Bethala suspended in, etc.,” and with the seal of the earth “Horeana recholya, etc.”>And this is what he says in the same 5th Book, in another place. And if in that Fourth [Book] where the name and the character of the spirit is written and the spirit already prevails, the character of the spirit should be [made] from the specific letters of the spirit [as portrayed by your sect or religion], or all four sects, or as will be taught>But the idea is nothing but a picture or an image of the appearance of the spirit, which you can understand from the image of some of the [spirits] in the Book of Offices where it says that such a person [spirit] appears in the form of a woman, - in the form or image of a stork, [or] - in the image of a bear, and so on
>Declaration of the board>Solomon says in the first title of Magic, Chapter 9, that in this sacred tablet there are four alphabets: for the Greeks - to the eastern part; the Latin Christians - to the southern part; the Hebrew of the Jews - to the west;>In Chaldean Arabic, which begins with the left [when written], like the Hebrew. And its letters are named in the following order: Alif, be, te, ce, gun, ha, iha, zel, re, zhayn, ta, kcha, quef, lem, mym, [L2, f. 16] nun, zar, dar, hayn, ghayn, fe, kaf, syn, xyn, he, vau, lamebyo, hye>In Hebrew it is like this: aleph, beth, gimel, dalet, he, vav, zayn, cheth, teth, yod, kaph, lamed, mem (pointed), mem [final], nun (twisted), nun [final], samekh, ayin, peh, [feh], tsaddi (twisted), tsaddi (long), qoph, resh, shin, tau>In Greek thus, which are in the upper part of the Table [of Practice]: alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, syma, zeta, eta, theta, iota, kappa, lambda, mu, nu, xi, omicron, pi, quofe, rho, sigma, tau, upsilon, phi, chi, psi, omega, e-long, o-long>In Arabic alif stands for Latin ‘a,’ be for ‘b,’ te for ‘t,’ ce for ‘c,’ gun for ‘g,’ ha for ‘h,’ rha for ‘hr,’ zel for ‘z,’ re for ‘r,’ zahyn for ‘y,’ ta for ‘t,’ kcha for ‘kh’ or ‘ch,’ quef for ‘q,’ lem for ‘l,’ mym for ‘m,’ nun for ‘n,’ zar for ‘z,’ dar for ‘d,’ hayn for ‘xh,’ ghayn for ‘gh,’ fe for ‘f,’ kaf for ‘k,’ syn for ‘s,’ xyn for ‘x,’ he for ‘he,’ veu for ‘v,’ lemelyo for ‘s,’ hye for ‘j.’
>In Hebrew aleph [stands] for ‘a,’ beth for ‘b,’ gimel for ‘g,’ dalet for ‘d,’ he for [‘h’ or] ‘e,’ vau for ‘v’ and ‘o,’ zayn for ‘z,’ cheth for ‘ch’ (or ‘et’), teth for ‘t,’ yod for ‘i’ [or ‘y’], kaph for ‘k,’ lamed for ‘l,’ both mem for ‘m,’ both nun for ‘n,’ samekh for ‘s’ and sometimes [here only] for ‘o,’ ayin for ‘a’ and [only here] for ‘x,’ peh for ‘p,’ feh for ‘f,’ both tsaddi for ‘ts,’ qoph for ‘q,’ resh for ‘r,’ shin for ‘sh,’ tau for ‘t.’>Hence the [final letters] kaph (ך) and tsaddi long (ץ), and nun long (ן), and mem square (ם) - are not included in the tables of extraction of names, but are included in the other 23 letters>Likewise, in Hebrew, the Aleph renders all vowels punctuated [when it has specific pointing], for thus א renders the first vowel ‘a.’ And so א renders ‘e,’ the second vowel. And א renders ‘i.’ And א renders ‘o.’ And thus א renders ‘u.’>In Greek, alpha for ‘a,’ beta for ‘b,’ gamma for ‘g,’ delta for ‘d,’ epsilon-short for e-short, (syma for ‘s’), zeta for ‘z,’ eta for ‘h,’ theta for ‘th,’ iota for ‘i’ [or ‘j’], kappa for ‘k,’ lambda for ‘l,’ mu for ‘m,’ nu for ‘n,’ xi for ‘x,’ omicron for ‘semi-o’ and [maybe] ‘semi-v,’ such as hui or ho, like the sound of the roman knot of palae or Latin unde, pi for ‘p,’ quofe for ‘q,’ rho for ‘r,’ sigma for ‘s,’ tau for ‘t,’ upsilon for [‘y’ or] ‘u,’ phi for [‘ph’ or] ‘f,’ chi for [‘x’ or] ‘ch’ or ‘y,’ [?] psi for ‘ps,’ omega for ‘o,’ enachos for e-long, chille [omega] for o-long
>Whence Solomon says above, that all words, and names, and sayings, and syllables, and virtues are built from this alphabet. And everything reigns in power over its parts in the universe, although in every particular there are some letters which look only to one direction, and others to another [direction], and so on with others>Later Solomon says that the part of the Table [of Practice], which is between the east and the north [i.e. NE], is [ruled by] the northern part [Aquilonal], and is the domain of the heavenly king. And there is a great sentence about those who sin more against the holy spirit, in that part in which a greater name is placed above all names, which is called YAVA, by the power of which MICHAEL reinforces on every Sabbath the chains controlling the pride of LUCEFIEL - the father and chief prince of the demons, and GABRIEL - his helper, stands by the holy name itself towards the east, and MICHAEL - towards the north>On the eastern and southern corner of the table is the wheel of the second souls, on which is written the name of the Second Semaphore of Adam - EYEASSEREYE, with the angelic name - AGLA. And there stands the terror and judgment of the very name of EYEASSEREYE, by the power of which the angel ORYEL confirms every Sunday the pen of the second major prince BEELZEBUB. And the helper of ORIEL - ZABDYEL stands for the name towards the south collaterally and ORIEL towards the east>The major origin confirmer [L2, f. 17] and its collateral parts is RAPHAEL, who stands at the rising point [due east] under the power of THEOS [east also] - the holy name. And this direction is called COSSOL. [See Figure 9.]>And thus Solomon describes the whole Table [of Practice] by doctrine or figure, which doctrine I omit for brevity, because you do not need it as you have the figure
