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File: tux-headphones.png (5 KB, 129x175)
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Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share their experiences.

*** Please be civil, notice the "Friendly" in every Friendly GNU/Linux Thread ***

Before asking for help, please check our list of resources.

If you would like to try out GNU/Linux you can do one of the following:
0) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice in a Virtual Machine.
1) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice on bare metal and run your previous OS in a Virtual Machine.
2) Use a live image and to boot directly into the GNU/Linux distribution without installing anything.
3) Go balls deep and replace everything with GNU/Linux.

Resources: Please spend at least a minute to check a web search engine with your question.
Many free software projects have active mailing lists.

$ man %command%
$ info %command%
$ %command% -h/--help
$ help %builtin/keyword%

Don't know what to look for?
$ apropos %something%

Check the Wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros):
https://wiki.archlinux.org
https://wiki.gentoo.org

/g/'s Wiki on GNU/Linux:
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Category:GNU/Linux

>What distro should I choose?
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Babbies_First_Linux
>What are some cool programs?
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/list_of_applications
https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page
https://suckless.org/rocks/
>What are some cool terminal commands?
https://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/browse
https://cheat.sh/
>Where can I learn the command line?
https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide
https://www.grymoire.com/Unix/
https://overthewire.org/wargames/bandit
>Where can I learn more about Free Software?
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html
>How to break out of the botnet?
https://prism-break.org/en/categories/gnu-linux

/fglt/'s website:
https://fglt.nl

GNU/Linux Games:
>>>/vg/lgg

IRC: #sqt on Rizon
https://fglt.nl/irc.html

Previous thread: >>106514081
>>
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How's my font rendering looking? I tried to match it to Ubuntu's...
>>
>>106534791
lesser known but useful linux programs?
discovered this one recently
> flock - apply or remove an advisory lock on an open file
https://linux.die.net/man/2/flock
basically allows you to write to the same file from multiple scripts without overwriting data.
>>
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How do i fix my grub2 welcome screen that flashes 1 second to be less blurry? It annoys me. Everything after it is 1920x1080 but this one, solely this one, is blurry and ugly.
>>
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>>106534802
>>106534914
>I tried to match it to Ubuntu's.
We can tell.
>>
>>106535696
Under UEFI it should use native resolution. Otherwise consult the friendly manual for GRUB_GFX* variables you can set.
>>
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>>106535728
>>
how does one manage software that isn't in your repos? there has to be better way to track some .deb installers
>>
>>106536297
make
sudo make install
>>
How do i stop the virtual package mail-transport-agent from being pulled in on debian? apt-mark hold doesnt work. I dont need a damn mail server on my desktop for fuck sake debian.
>>
6.18 is going to fucking RUIN linus why are we letting them fuck up how memory works//
>>
what are the pros and cons of flatpaks versus just downloading things via terminal? i am told flatpaks are a bit safer since they have a bit of "padding" around them but that increases the "weight" a bit of them.
>>
>>106537021
Flatpaks are bloated, larger file size, there may be bugs caused by sandbox or apps may misbehave. But they will have all their dependencies and will be more stable for stuff like wine or steam. It would be better to install flatpak stuff only on a case-by-case basis
>>
>>106537085
what are the most important ones to do flatpak? i did firefox in case of 0 day h4xx.
but would obs, libraoffice, gimp and vlc need that at all?
>>
>>106537177
There arent any important ones, just install whatever ones you want through flatpak. As far as i know OBS suggests people to use the flatpak because they're maintaining it.
If you're worried about 0day vulnerabilities then you shouldnt be using firefox in the first place
>>
>>106537177
Anything that connects to the internet. But the main benefit of flatpak is that it's a universal platform which devs can target, so you avoid having to rely on your distro maintainers packaging their own versions of software and you avoid dependency hell. Sandboxing is just an additional benefit.
Realistically, you should install most if not all your gui applications using flatpak or appimage.
>>
>>106537338
>>106537285
>>106537177
you should NEVER use flat paks
ill die before i use them
>>
>>106537338
>Realistically, you should overbloat your filesystem by 300% instead of using your native package manager
>>
>>106537371
before I google criticism of flatpak what's your criticism
>>
>>106537475
because they are wrong and what we come to linux to get away from
>>
more like fatpaks
>>
Why does it not work? Recursion fails post first iteration:
bash
#!/bin/bash

function download_from_dir() {
url=$1; shift;

web_full=$(curl --silent $url | grep -Po '(?<=href\=).[^>]*' | tr -d '"')
printf "\n"
for i in $web_full; do
if [[ "$i" == "*.mp4" || "$i" == "*.png" || $i == "*.jpg" ]]; then
echo "yes $i"
else
echo "not $i"
download_from_dir "${url}/${i}"
fi
done
}

download_from_dir http://192.168.1.33:8080
>>
>>106537021
Flatpaks are standardized apps, everyone gets the same.
>>
>>106537177
Browser sandbox is weakened by Flatpak's sandbox. That's the main drawback of Flatpak. That's one thing to watch out for with Flatpak, it comes with sandboxing that can interfere with certain applications. Mainly a problem for browsers I think.
>>
>>106537697
when I run a flatpak browser I can't upload images to 4chan from anywhere but the flatpak's ~/.var/app/x.y.z/
so that would tell me the sandbox is smaller.
>>
I want to get from linux into cybersecurity. any advices? any books would you recommend?
>>
>>106537720
Idk the details but apparently it weakens browser sandbox.

https://brave.com/linux/#flatpak
https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1756236
https://librewolf.net/installation/linux/#security
https://forum.vivaldi.net/topic/33411/flatpak-support/191
>>
>>106520414
>>106521303
I'm this guy.
Got a DP cable. It seems to be fine.
So could be the monitor or GPU?
>>
>>106537790
Oh yeah and again, it's high refresh rate on 1920x1080 which should work fine on HDMI 2.0?
>>
>>106537437
>overbloat your filesystem by 300%
Are you retarded? Most people's system and software don't even account for 10% of the total used storage even if all they use is flatpak.
>>
>>106537757
read through the Mozilla bug, seems like they are asking for a feature to use namespaces instead of just a chroot. just a different way of going about it.
>>
>>106537697
A problem for anything using electron
>>
>>106537848
installing a flatpak package will take up 5-10gb of space while installing the same package through your package manager will take up nothing more than a couple hundred megs
you're "realistically" telling people they should be filling up their drives with flatpak shit whenever possible
>>
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What's a good Linux equivalent to Exact Audio Copy from Windows? I recently lost all my flac and had to nuke Windows.
>>
give me a final answer, I tried looking it up online and there are dozens of conflicting reports

can you run a windows 10 vm with good graphic performance (good enough for 60 fps desktop experience) on qemu+libvirtd without using GPU passthrough?
I configured every bit of "enhancements" I could find, it improved the snappiness of moving windows around or desktop animations but it still feels choppy and I can't even open simple 2.5D game Noita as it will crash
I tried QXL and virtio video drivers and it seems that both provide the same performance QXL enables a software mouse cursor which is much smoother than that of virtio
>>
>>106538295
google says adcde or whipper
>>106538333
probably not
>>
>>106534611
xfs
>>
Has anyone here used KDE Linux yet? Thinking of hopping to it
>>
>>106534914
Not bad, considering the resolution. There are no obvious issues that I could notice.
>>
>>106538256
>installing a flatpak package will take up 5-10gb of space
A single flatpak app will consume more space (nowhere close to 10GB like you're suggesting), but having 50 flatpaks installed will consume no more than 15GB-25GB in total, depending on the software. Which is only 3GB-7GB more than what would be taken up by native software.
Using up to 10GB more storage (in total) to get better software compatibility/updates and completely avoiding dependency hell is a price almost everyone on the planet is willing to pay. And it is proven by the fact that every other OS has the same method of software distribution, and all the Linux gamers (millions of people) are doing the same thing by installing games through Proton which itself is also a 500MB container environment. Stop pretending that we're still in the year 2000 when people had less than 80GB of storage.

>you're "realistically" telling people they should be filling up their drives with flatpak shit whenever possible
Correct? Because it's the thing that works the most and causes the least amount of problems in general. Same applies to using Wine/Proton to play games rather than using Linux native versions. Especially considering a lot of software/games literally cannot be installed natively because of outdated/incompatible dependencies.
Compatibility, direct distribution from developers and timely updates are much more important than saving a couple of GB.
Distros maintaining packages only makes sense in a closed, tightly controlled environment. Which desktops are not. It's always been a bad idea and it's literally one of the major setbacks of Linux usability on desktops.
>>
I like Debian
>>
>>106538614
It's just a shittier Aurora/Kinoite. It's not meant to be used, at least not yet. It's just a platform to reproduce and report KDE bugs.
>>
>>106538719
>Which is only 3GB-7GB more than what would be taken up by native software.
that's completely false its very difficult to reach up to like 20gb used space by installing triple the amount of software compared to flatpaks they're ridiculously bloated especically with all the different versions of runtimes and dependencies
>>
>>106538333
You're going to struggle with proper graphical acceleration the best you can do is get mesa-dist-win or whatever its called and hope that mesa's software rendering will be good enough.
If you have an intel cpu you can try doing intel-gvt
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Intel_GVT-g
>>
>>106537552
Hard to say without know what the first page you're downloading looks like.
Works "fine" on my machine, using this 4chan page as a test.
Did you try printing web_full? It may be you're only getting one item.
>>
>>106538800
>that's completely false
>its very difficult to reach up to like 20gb used space by installing triple the amount of software compared to flatpaks
Sure thing bud. Even if the dependencies consumed an additional 20GB themselves, it's still an irrelevant amount of storage unless your only drive is a $5 micro SD card.
>>
>>106538800
my flatpaks install a bunch of dependencies and they each use them
seems like another os agnostic package manager to me.
windows by itself takes up more disk space so I'm not sure what the problem is.
>>
>>106538888
>le storage is cheap
just ignore laptops stuck with embedded storage between 32-128gb, or all the extra gigabytes of writes those flatpaks will do everytime you update them
>your ssd will last forever!
if only there was something possibly writing gigabytes of crap to the disk every time it did an update...
>>
>>106538975
having experienced many a SSD write exhaustion anon speaks the truth
j/k none of you have ever had this problem.
and your 128gb SSD from 2008 is still fine.
>>
>>106538958
>comparing flatpak to windows
the absolute state...
>>
>>106538982
correction, first available 2010.
>>
do you guys know how to speed up loading gifs on linux? When I had my pi it loaded gifs very fast. But it died and I have my old computer now. When I click gif it takes like 20 seconds to load it and stutters a lot.
>>
>>106538982
you sound like someone who never uses an ssd
ive had plenty of ssds burn out over the years
only a retard would think that an ssd from more than 10 years ago would still survive
>>
>>106538975
>laptops stuck with embedded storage between 32-128gb
Even the cheapest laptops have 250GB and have had it for years. Anything less is usually just shitty chromebooks or something ancient. In which case, sure, just use an extremely minimalist distro. But most people are not on devices this shit.
>>
>>106538614
>KDE Linux
>The experience of using an older NVIDIA GPU is rough. Manual setup is currently required for anything older than an NVIDIA GTX 1630 to even work at all, and they are essentially untested.
>@chatgpt when did gtx 1630 release?
>2022
Anything more than 3 years old is basically ancient in OSS these days. It's crazy.
I'm seeing this everywhere now. Just today I also got a cups warning that at some point they'll stop supporting almost every old printer that's working perfectly fine in favor of IPP Everywhere.
Between this sort of thing and every piece of software being rewritten in rust, I might stop updating my computer entirely until I die.
>>
>>106539036
you'd think that someone with a tiny ssd would know what their working with and make the appropriate changes to their usage but no, must argue against large software because muh ssd write endurance.
>>
>>106539019
>ssd from more than 10 years ago would still survive
yeah, you can get larger than 128 gb ssds within the last decade for cheaper, so the original argument that you have a tiny ass ssd that somehow survived 14 years is still worth protecting so nobody should use flatpak
>>
>>106539119
Nvidia releases really shit cards that aren't meant for anything other than an extra monitor output well after the generation has passed. pretty sure that gen is from 2019
never buy Nvidia less than 60
>>
>>106538992
if you want to bring the experience of one click installers to linux and therefore more interest from windows users then yes, comparing to windows is relevant.
>>
>>106539228
I'm not the one arguing against flatpaks.
>>
>>106539312
Maybe if you're into local AI or playing AAA gay-nigger fests.
My 1070ti is playing all my little games just fine. I can't imagine ever upgrading. If it dies for some reason I'll probably just get another one used on ebay for, hopefully, cheap.
>>
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I’ve got a hdd in my pc that has all my anime and tv shows, is there a way to add the drive to arch without having to format it?
For clarification I’ve jumped into the deep end, completely removed windows and have installed arch and got it running. I have plasma running as my DE, whenever I turn on my pc I have to enter my password to access my media hdd. My guess is that I need to mount it? Could someone point me in the right direction?
Pic of my retarded cat as thanks
>>
>>106537552
>
curl --silent $url | grep -Po '(?<=href\=).[^>]*' | tr -d '"'

Bash has regular expressions btw.
>>
>>106538982
>and your 128gb SSD from 2008 is still fine.
But it's not, my OCZ Vertex works for a while after TRIMming the whole thing but eventually reads start producing bit errors, and it gets worse over time.
>>
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>>106534791
So I just installed Fedora KDE and its amazing, way better than Arch and Mint, why do people shit on it? they even call it FEDora..
>>
someone have experience with.. online linux virtual machines?
>>
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>>106537757
>Open about:support in firefox flatpak app, then navigate to Sandbox section.
>Actual results:
>User Namespaces are set to false which means most parts of internal sandboxing are disabled.
The snap doesn't have this problem, interestingly.
>>
>>106536957
what happened?
>>
>>106534914
Missing subpixel rendering.
>>
>>106534791
this fucking penguin nearly wiped all my data. thankfully firefox sacrificed itself to save my system (in the form of a 20GB repository sitting in my code folder) so it absorbed most of the damage.
>>
>>106537021
>pros
It's a separate thing from your OS. For example, I really don't want to make my OS depend on a lot of stuff just because I installed an emulator. It's also the reason why compiling stuff in a container makes more sense as compiling requires tons of additional dependencies for your base system.
>cons
Despite what people say Flatpak is still a power user tier system. Theming and correct font rendering might not be there by default.
>>
>>106540265
>Fedora KDE
Tried installing this after Mint in multiboot, but for some reason it just wouldn't even load Fedora's grub, just Mint's every time which couldn't see Fedora at all, even with updating (maybe can't recognise btrfs, dunno). Gonna try it with VMware instead on my silicon Mac; will probably go horribly wrong but might get lucky.
>>
>>106540388
WTF you mean online?
>>
>>106537552
Can't say for sure, probably something that doesn't play well with simple variables. I'd recommend using an array instead for the web_full variable.
>>
>>106540512
>It's a separate thing from your OS.
No. You could install something entirely self-contained in /opt and that would still not be a "separate thing". It still communicates with the display server, audio server, talks to a console/takes input in some other way, etc.
>>
>>106540649
I meant that nothing essential in your system would depend on flatpaks like the things you install through the system's package manager. It's impossible for flatpaks to cause dependency issues in your base system's packages.
>>
>>106540390
>The snap doesn't have this problem, interestingly.
Yeah I saw this mentioned on privacyguides. Snap apparently doesn't interfere with Firefox sandbox, or less so, not sure. Dunno about Chromium browsers either or if there's even snaps for those.
>>
>>106538614
Been playing with it in a VM, they finally admitted that the flatpak versions of Dolphin and Konsole simply can't work due to the sandbox, so they switched them to ones that are baked in the image. That was my main gripe with it. I like that it's very minimal and boots extremely fast. I would probably start using it on my laptop if Ublue didn't exist.
>>
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>>106535001
bwrap - run command in a sandbox.
It comes preinstalled on Ubuntu. Tweaking the parameters for every program isn't quick at all, but it's relatively fun.
>>
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>>106540777
>Chromium browsers
looking good
>>
>>106540893
Bwrap is really cool for scripting. It's actually what Flatpak uses so if you have Flatpak installed you have Bwrap You can make stuff like WINE prefixes that are actually isolated and portable Homebrew installations.
>>
>>106540390
>>106540390
>The snap doesn't have this problem, interestingly.
Yeah, but then I'd have to use snaps
>>
what is the difference of amd vs nvidia driver on linux? Is amd better?
>>
>>106541033
The amdgpu driver is in the kernel, so there's no need to fuck around like with nvidia.
>>
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I don't care if you use/like flatpaks, everyone should use their computer however they want, but treating flatpak as THE solution to package management is retarded.
>Size
It's an objective fact that flatpaks take a lot of space. It doesn't matter if (you) don't care or it doesn't affect you, the issue is still there. Installing even a small program like a calculator will take hundreds of MB, for a mere calculator. Call me poor or whatever, but I hate that everything nowadays is bloated, and the only excuse you hear is "disk space is cheap!1!". Hell, even without flatpak most modern programs already take lot of space, why would I want them to take even more?
>But flatpak programs share libraries!
Except when they don't. Last time I tried flatpak, some programs would install different "branches" of the same libraries, because one of the programs would update its dependencies pretty quickly, while others didn't, so now you have multiple versions of the same libraries taking more disk space, which iirc aren't automatically removed and stay there. So you end up with
>org.some.bs v47 400MB
>org.some.bs v48 410MB
>org.some.bs v49 500MB
Ironically, having these duplicates creates a larger attack surface since now you have "old" libraries installed in your system.
>>
>>106530420
>>106531927
They finally packaged the kernel patch that fixes this stupid shit, holy fuck. Wtf is happening? Everyone got punched by this how did it went through QA?
>>
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>>106541141
>But Sandboxing!
You mean the sandboxing where programs still have access to your home directory? which doesn't even matter anyway because you'll need to install a separate program just to make the first one have the necessary permissions to work. Why does a calculator app need sandboxing anyway?
>B-but it's easier!
Is it really easier having to mess around with Flatseal just to make your calculator (which now takes up 5GB of space) work? having these sandboxes and containers just adds unnecessary complexity. But surely all of this is worth it for a quick "Install" button, right? except when some distributions like Fedora fuck it up and its "App store" installs ITS OWN flatpak version of the program, which somehow is even worse than the original.
>OBS Studio Raises Issues With Fedora's Flatpak Package, 13 February 2025
https://archive.md/cqBq2
So now imagine your normalfag friend, who is using Mint or Fedora, having to deal with all of this. Best case scenario everything just works, for now. Worst case it doesn't, claims Linux is shit and returns to Windows where he can just run an installation wizard to install something, not knowing he could have avoided all of this if he just 'sudo apt install program'.
>I'm not reading your blog
I didn't even mention the slower program startup times (it needs to load all the runtimes), the theming issues with gtk, portals, the flathub website being shit, etc. Again, I don't care if flatpaks "jut work" for you, if so then good for you, but don't act as if they're perfect or better than usual package management. It's good to have options available, but flatpaks shouldn't be the only one.
>>
>>106541141
>>106541173
What's the way, then? I don't wanna move to Guix nor Gentoo I'm fine on Fartix. If I knew how to create confined environments to cooompile my shit without littering my system with leftover dependencies I would. But I can't.
>>
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>>106541204
Maybe my posts went a bit too harsh on flatpak, so just to be clear you should use whatever works for you. Installing packages the usual way isn't perfect either, if flatpaks work for you then use them. I understand some people "need" them, specially when running something that isn't bleeding edge, I just hate how flatpaks are shilled as *the* way to install programs on Linux, but no one explains why or how they work. Also, a lot of programs are only officially available as flatpaks, so if it's either using that or an unofficial binary from the AUR (if you're running something Arch-based), which isn't the end of the world but I rather have multiple options available. If only all programs were distributed like picrel.
>>
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>>106534791
I want to run some LLM and diffusion stuff in ubuntu.
AMD Drivers say I have to use 24.04.2. When I go to download it, all the ubuntu and kubuntu repositories only have 24.04.3

Is whatever the hotpatch added going to break compatibility?
Whats the difference between 24.04.3 vs 22.04.5?
>>
I like Linux!
>>
>>106541204
You can always just use the package manager and then use flatpaks if you don't like what's in the package manager for whatever reason.
>If I knew how to create confined environments to cooompile my shit without littering my system with leftover dependencies I would
Containers. Or distrobox if you want containers that have integration with your base system like access to your home folder and networking etc.
>>
>>106541042
why did amd put their driver open source?
>>
>>106541716
Because they can't afford to keep updating it for every Linux version, unlike nvidia.
>>
can you guys tell the difference of 1080p, 1440p and 2160p?
what about hertz? I have a 30hz monitor and cant tell the difference to a 60 hz one.
>>
>>106541783
I can easily tell the difference between a 1080-60 and 1440-144hz monitor
>>
If I bought a 9070 XT what game shouhld I buy?
All my old games don't work online anymore.
>>
>>106541732
Seems like nVidia can't either the way their shit runs.
>>
>>106534791
I just set up a computer with 2 m.2s how do I enable the second drive in ubuntu so I can access ot for storage.
>>
>>106542007
u have to format/partition it, then mount it. Once y ou format it you can make your fstab file auto mount it when you start you computer
>>
>>106542007
If the drive's just for Linux use you can mkfs the entire drive - no table needed. Then create a fstab entry and a mount point, something like /mnt/anime.
>fstab file auto mount
Automounter is the thing that puts crap under /media when there's no fstab entry.



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