I bought 5 used HDDs for a new nas and 2 of them had serial numbers in software that didnt match whats on the physical drive. I decided to just buy 5 brand new seagat ironwolf pros to put in, copy over to, and then leave as replacement and return the referbed original drives. However i had a lot of issues getting the nas to boot with the PCI sata card installed. I finally managed to get it to boot but i only see 4 out of the 5 drives (in bios as well). I've tried different sata cables for the one drive that is not showing up but nothing seems to change. This was the case when i tried just 2 of the new drives in the 2 free on mobo sata slots that were available without the pci sata card. Is this brand new drive just dead? Is there anything else i can do to try and get this to work? I'm pretty much getting close to just returning all these new drives and just keeping the somewhat sketch refurbished MDD drives and going on with my life.

I was also wondering if there was any way to just replace those 2 extra sketch drives with 2 of these new drives without pulling them one at a time and doing a full rebuild. I assume there isn't but if there is there some way for me to just add in 2 of these new (and working drives) into the pool to replace the 2 referbed mdd drives with incorrect serial numbers? I dont mind keeping the other 3 those are the only ones that cause me any concern but i didnt want to just pull them and do full rebuilds. If theres some way to just add in 2 new drives and have them take over then pull the suspect drives that would be a good option but doing a full rebuild 2 times in a row seems like it would be hard on the system

>>106678371
Someone resurrect labgopher.

>>106678371
Can I use two 4TB disks in RAID0 instead of a single 8TB in a RAID1? Also what is the easiest way to set up a shared folder?

>>106678371
Very comfy "I'm screwed if my water heater leaks" setup.

>>106678478
I'd test the drive that you think is failing and just replace it if needed.

>>106679625
You can do that, you'd be getting slightly less than 8TB from RAID overhead and you'll use twice the wattage but its an easy way to get about 8TB of storage if you already have 2 4TB drives. If you dont already have the drives then get the 8TB, the price difference will pay for itself when you factor in the 5-6W load over the life of the drive.

Easy is relative, easiest way to setup a shared folder would be buying or setting up a NAS with a GUI wizard that does all the work for you. I'd recommend TrueNAS if youre looking to build your own NAS the easy way.

>>106679904
Don't worry, its got the Defender Safety System haha

>>106680177
>I'd test the drive that you think is failing and just replace it if needed.
There are no drives i think are failing. The current 5 drives i have in raid6 were bought refurbished and 2 of them have software serial numbers that dont match what's printed on the physical drive. Because of this i ended up buying 5 brand new drives and was going to set up a new raid6, copy things over, then return all 5 refurbished drives. 1 of those new drives wont show up. I guess i can try putting it into another desktop i have but i was hoping to avoid that hassle, especially since having to resort to that mostly likely means the brand new drive was dead on arrival. Which makes me feel like getting a replacement and continuing with this processess is just a waste of my time (and money) and i should just keep the reburbed drives and if some end up failing ill replace them and rebuild at that time. These 5 new 20TB drives were practically twice the price.

>>106678371
I've seen multiple businesses do this shit, dentists and doctors especially. Boxes of shit like gloves and masks will be piled in front of it, too.

raid is a backup. you're all fucking racists.

>>106679625
wait you can raid1 two partitions on the same drive?

>>106680789
i honestly agree with this. It's not an offsite safe backup but it is definitely more than just downtime depending on which raid you are using. Sure if your house burns down it's not going to help you but having a second on site backup also isnt saving you there. Not everyone can setup a second NAS at someone elses house and the cloud is way to expensive

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>>106678371
I don’t want to make a thread about this tailscale email but god damn I hate how infested this hobby is with trannies

>>106680995
I just set myself up with tailscale, now I learn its another corpo shit hole full of HR twats

>>106681037
I have it but just use wireguard. Holy shit I’m deleting this shit

I have some questions for you /hsg/.
>How many HDDs of what capacity and type do you have in your system?
>How much did you pay for them?
>When did you get them?
>What country are you in?

I sincerely believe that the "two formats" (and to a lesser extent "offsite") component(s) of the 3-2-1 rule were suggested entirely to sell cloud services.
Two formats is absurd. The argument is always "formats can become unpopular so quickly you can't get the hardware to read your old files" but that's just not true. I can get the hardware to read CDs even today. I could get the hardware to read floppy drives if I wanted to.

>>106681182
>The argument is always "formats can become unpopular so quickly
I've always interpreted using multiple formats because of dissimilar failure modes.
Not all HDDs will wake up after sitting for years while optical/tape may be fine. In the other hand HDDs can handle slightly less than optimal environments better.

That is an argument for tape tho as it isn't backwards compatible and the drives themselves delicate.

I would just use HDDs tho, maybe even make a cheap ass box to spin them up and scrub them occasionally

Starting out my homelab, I ordered myself a new (unopened) NUC8i5INH for ~$120 total. I'm planning on hooking it to a DAS and having it serve as NAS, pihole, and jellyfin. I figured it could handle all of those and when I inevitably upgrade from it I can keep it as a little box for messing with new distros in, but I don't actually know if I overpaid and should've just bought a more recently released chinesium nuc on amazon for the same price.

I'm also trying to figure out what I need to order so I've got it for when the NUC arrives, if I should buy a prebuilt DAS or DIY one. I know it has support for a single 2.5" drive internally, but I'm certain I'll need external power for more drives, I've got spare ATX supplies but I don't know if that's the best solution. I know for it to manage multiple sata drives I need some kind of multiplier or additional pcb like https://www.newegg.com/p/17Z-010M-00006?item=9SIAYT8EEF0773 but I know a given one might not be compatible. Maybe I just buy a premade DAS and sit it on top?

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Zoomies waste money on cases with space for a 360mm AIO. QTJ0 CPU ftw

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can i selfhost an email solution for a website? stuff like account verification, one time login links, etc
i know the issue is that sending emails from my webserver will get flagged as spam. but is there a solution to this?

>>106681534
Yes you can run a SMTP server. It's fairly common for that use to send out verification link emails.

NBN bros, should I upgrade from FTTN to FTTP?
I feel like if I do, I'll go deeper down the rabbit hole and im not sure if thats a good thing or not
Currently on about 50/20, I think you can get 100+up on FTTP now :S

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>>106681571
don't most email providers (ie google etc) flag emails from unknown/little-known senders as spam? i had set up email using s-nail and postfix but was having issues with people either receiving the mail after way too long or it being marked as spam (i think sometimes it didn't even get received at all)

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>>106681644
you mean to pay an arm of the Orwellian government 400USD equivalent last I checked, for the privilege of fixing their own borked network?

>>106681182
nah, the two formats is so that you have resilience against various types of issue.
As an example, magnetic tape will be much less likely to survive a fire than a spinning drive.

>>106681716
Yes. Google an Microsoft have a monopoly on spam. They don't want co petition

>>106680995
>>106681037
>>106681045
just use wireguard. it's created and maintained by a gentoo maintainer.

>>106681716
It doesnt really matter for that kind of thing. If theyre one time verification emails or something you just tell users to check spam folder. And if its more than that people can manually unmark that sender as spam. It's only really a problem if you want to try to self host an email account you actually will be using to send normal emails, then that spam issue becomes more of a problem

>>106681773
its free these days, well it is for most people
i think you just need to stay connected for a year with certain providers or something

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>>106680177
>>106680321
>just replace it if needed.
Also, the return period for the new drives ends the first. The MDD refurbished ones are like oct 20th. The MDD drives also do have a 5 year warranty (supposedly) which makes me less worried about the 2 mismatched serial number ones. I had considered just returning those but i really would like to avoid doing 2 back to back rebuilds on a brand new system. I'm not exactly sure how hard it is on the drives but just the time alone for 20TB drives is a lot. I guess i could have them just replace the one new drive and hope that it does work out but even though it seems foolish to do so I'm really leaning to just keeping the original 5 i got. They all have been passing SMART tests.

I do kind of wish i had setup the datasets differently, as i just made a separate SMB dataset for each type of data instead of just one main one with sub directories. I guess i could still just make a new master one and move all the contents over and then delete these original ones. I probably should have encrypted the pool too which i dont think i can do after the fact but i could at least encrypt the new master dataset if i were to go that route. I had avoided doing encryption originally to not have to deal with keys and such when mounting these locations on the server that runs jellyfin or connecting on my windows machines to the share

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>>106682401
Pic related is my current setup

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use case owning a home server?

>>106682842
Serving things in the home (and outside of the home)

>>106682842
having a slave as opposed to being a slave

>>106682842
same use case as for anything that isn't sleeping eating or drinking. Because you want to.

I've set up a proxmox ve server for the past week and I've grown so frustrated with it that I want to scrap everything and go bare metal.
I'm annoyed that GPU passthrough is so complex, that half of the available lxc are "not updateable" and that getting docker to work is so annoying.
I don't need "virtual machines", I just want to run docker containers

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>>106682842
preparation for the impeding closure of the internet

Would a raid 5 array of 8 8tb drives be overkill for a media server? I'd use it to store game roms, music and books as well as movies.

>>106683772
It's not overkill at all, in fact it's actually pretty desiderable because you get around usable 24tb if I remember correctly and you don't lose your shit if one drive fails, I have the same setup

>>106683780
He should end up with 56TB of storage, minus the byte vs. bit tax.
>>106683772
It really depends on how many of each of those things you want to store. It's like asking:
>Would a really big bookshelf be overkill for my books?
How can we possibly answer that?
I'll say that it is not an unheard of amount of space for someone to fill with stuff.

>>106680995
furries too

>>106682842
Is this Lupe from Salem Techsperts?

>>106680995
I never trusted tailscale for some reason, couldn't even tell you why, but I'm glad I decided to just deal with wireguard directly.

Does Ansible make sense for a home server or will I just end up writing a bunch of scripts for stuff that doesn't exist yet and make more work for myself putting it in Ansible format? I only manage one server machine.

>>106685095
Nah, Ansible is for managing a bazillion machines at once, it's basically setup templates.
That said, it wouldn't hurt to try it out in a VM.

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I think i have backed up my old laptop but im not finding some of my most interesting/important files... including a broken noaa sat transmission. Bros, please tell me its somewhere in that big NAS.

>>106680797
Not with traditional raid, but you can with ZFS IIRC
Doesn't provide any protection against disk loss, but you can use it for data integrity purposes.
None of this was mentioned in the comment you were responding to tho

>>106680789
>Delete a file
>File is instantly gone from the array
Backups don't protect against disk loss, they protect against data loss.
>>106680995
>Point out massive security flaw with tailscale
>It's a nothingburger we don't care
>Tailscale apologies for promoting mold-mommy's terrible slop movie
>WTF IM NEVER USING TAILSCALE AGAIN REEEEE
Never change /g/, it was never about technology for you, was it?

I want to make a home server, but I don't hoard porn, movies, tranime, or any other slop. Please give me ideas.

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>>106685386
you might lose some data to drive failures, but you lose all data that you don't save. I vividly remember making a copy of everything.
I guess this is a lesson.

>>106685571
camera systems for monitoring the perimeter of your house while not utilizing the cloud
VPN to connect internally to your network
add security features
make your network highly redundant for practice
learn networking subjects
stand up supporting infrastructure and otherwise complicate the fuck out of your network

>>106685095
Ansible is always worth it, even when managing a small number of hosts/VMs. You can use it to turn your setups into code, this is powerful because it means you dont need full backups of your entire VMs. An ansible playbook is a lot less space to backup than a full host/VM. I've got an ansible playbook that fully configures a kubernetes cluster onto one of my hypervisors. I've got another that fully sets up a bind9 DNS server for my domain and another one that sets up a Kea DHCP server for my subnets that need that. All of these playbooks include the actual provisioning of the virtual machines as well (mainly cause I havent gotten into terraform yet).

You can think of ansible as scripting but, and heres a vocabulary word, it's idempotent. This means that it only makes a change when a change is needed in that it verifies the state of the system before doing anything. Ansible is super cool and everyone in Ops should know it cause it can manage almost anything.

>>106685571
I don't think it is wise to seek to make a home server, and seek uses for it downstream of that. It's better to know of a use and then decide to build a home server to fulfil it.
That said, if you suspect there are uses and you just don't know what they are, you can look at all of these and see if any of them would meet a need you have:
https://awesome-selfhosted.net/
(Go by category.)
>>106686106
I was planning on just writing a setup script in bash. In that sense my set up is already code.
>idempotent
I don't think I need that for just one machine, do I? There's one known state (a fresh install) with known changes that need to be made (my setup script).
>>106685386
I think I will learn some and maybe try my hand at it during this server build, and see how it feels. I've put the hardware together and I'm at the software stage so I'll do it on the machine itself, because it doesn't matter if I have to wipe it and rerun my script/Ansible.

>>106685571
CalDav Server
VPN
Home Inventory Management Systems

I am planning to setup my old PC as a server however I am contemplating on which OS to use. I was planning on using Debian but after some research and recommendations from others they've suggest me to use Proxmox. The core apps I would like to self-host are Samba for file sharing, Jellyfin with *arr stack, qBittorrent, and Wireguard to remotely access it. I might also setup other services such as vaultwarden, navidrome, komga, and linkding but that will be for later. Would I be doing myself a disservice if I used Debian ? I have experience with Linux but not with self-hosting so I am quite unsure what's the best for my case.

I need some advice bros

I'm looking for a hdd to serve as a backup for my NAS. It won't be in the NAS.

I can get a 12tb WD Red Plus New for $270ish, or get a 16TB WD Elements that's used like new from Amazon for $240, plus I have a $50 amazon voucher which I could use.

Which is better to go for? Are used drives OK or am I best off just going New?

I'm creating a personal website mainly for my photography portfolio, is there a way to have Wordpress just watch the folder(s) i already use when i export my photos rather than having to go to my site and uploading them (thus doubling the storage they use)? If wordpress is incapable of this is there something similar i can use to run this personal site that can do this?

How is the gen 8 microserver as a nas these days? could do with something to backup my main data, and maybe run a couple basic web servers

>>106685992
>camera systems for monitoring the perimeter of your house while not utilizing the cloud
That's easier and smoother with an on premise NVR. ZoneMinder and the like are horrible and don't play nice with al cameras.

>VPN to connect internally to your network
Better put that on a mikrotik router. That way VPN won't go down just because the file servers disk croaked.

>add security features
>make your network highly redundant for practice
>learn networking subjects
Again, mikrotik router. More stable because stateless OS and a lot less bother to set up.

>stand up supporting infrastructure
Now this is where it actually gets interesting. You can, you know, run services on a server. Whether that's a web server, a cron job that scrapes your favorite porn site for new content, an asterisk PBX, code to trigger home automation actuators, a proxy server that filters out ads - anything goes. If you want to separate services you can run VMs, docker containers or even a fucking kubernetes cluster on the box.

And I'd strongly suggest you reconsider hoarding. Stuff vanishes off the Internet all the time. Plenty of things worth archiving.

>>106686106
>You can think of ansible as scripting but, and heres a vocabulary word, it's idempotent.
It's possible to write idempotent shell scripts. I do it all the time. Idempotent shell scripts are usually more bother and require more careful thought. It's also possible to write non-idempotent Ansible playbooks. Seen my share of these...

>>106686224
>I don't think I need that for just one machine, do I?
You dont NEED anything but it would be more ideal, just like you dont NEED backups but it would be ideal if you had them. Ansible handles edge cases and fails gracefully with extensive logging automatically without you having to bake that stuff in. You can do all lf that with a scripy but what's more likely to happen is that you'll reach minimum viable product and stop there without developing the script any further. Ansible is bigger than a bash script but its absolutely not a bohemoth that you should avoid just because it has features you wont use. Config management > Bash script, even on a single system

>>106688059
I'm aware that its possible to make non-idempotent playbooks and idempotent bash scripts but to do either of those you need to go out of your way (or just not know what youre doing with ansible). That isnt really an argument against using a config management tool either.

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>>106687442
I'm also struggling to get around this security risk issue. This wordpress site is setup the same as everything else in nginx and securityheaders.com is giving me an A+ no idea whats wrong

>>106688599
Have you tried wiping the relevant reverse proxy shit away for it and just trying again? Might just be overlooking something stupid and a redo would likely remove the issue. With simple shit like this I'm preferenced to redo a time or two before I try and troubleshoot.

>>106688673
i cant access the site without some entry in nginx, if i remove the SSL part then i just cant get to it at all

>>106688008
>better put a VPN on a mikrotik
no, it's less secure than hosting it internally on a VM that doesn't require monolithic OS updates

>mikrotik has stateless OS
no it doesnt

>premise NVR
software based NVRs like zoneminder are intrinsically better at supporting a wide array of camera types instead of a monolithic hardware NVR

mikrotik is babby's first semi serious networking equipment. it's still prosumer.

>>106687302
used drives are a-okay if enterprise/surveillance and up to idk 10-15k power on hours, depending on how much you wanna gamble (I'm having some good luck with a batch of 22ks I got recently, for example)
spinning rust usually fails either within a couple months or a lot of years so battle tested good shit is generally a safe bet imo, especially for hobby purposes
>t. hoarder of everything that computes

>>106688956
So what? The reverse proxy runs as a layer above the web server. You're going to delete the reverse proxy entry, subsequently lose access momentarily, then you're just going to set it back up.

>>106685992
>>106689214
I'm not that other anon but for the record, I agree with you entirely.

Highly redundant networks are great, a lot of people just don't know enough about networking to set it up. I have an openbsd guest as a router on everyone one of my hypervisors configured with CARP and state syncing. Instant cutover in the event of a master loss with active connections maintained. Super cool stuff. This set of routers controls my WAN connection and my standard LAN.

I've also segmented my network out the ass. I have a similar set of routers set up on every hypervisor for my lab subnets, and another set of routers on every hypervisor for my management subnets.

I've got ansible playbooks that configure kea DHCP and bind9 DNS that serves the 3 isolated segments of my network, including provisioning the VMs on the hypervisors. I need to cut that portion of the playbook over to terraform, but I've not messed with it yet. Ultimate goal at the moment is to be able to run a single script that stands up a PXE server that I'll use to provision bare metal and after that's done, provision all the VMs that go on the hypervisors. My SAN that holds all of the content I serve will be the only thing that needs to remain for this purpose to function as intended but I've already set up a separate script that is able to set up the SAN again and pulls all the content from cloud backups if need be.

I do also use mikrotiks but only at layer 2, they're great home switches since they're quiet and run cool. I wouldn't want to subject myself to running them on layer 3 lol

>>106685429
>Delete a file
maybe don't delete the file.

>>106688282
>You dont NEED anything
To phrase it more precisely, I don't think it bears most of its usual benefits for just one machine, and so may not be worth the effort trade off with that in mind.
>what's more likely to happen is that you'll reach minimum viable product and stop there without developing the script any further
That hasn't been my experience with my laptop's setup script. I modify that and build on it fairly regularly. Whenever I want to add a new feature to my machine.
All that said, as I mentioned in my other reply I'll give it a try. Perhaps I will understand the practilities of the benefits more from actually experiencing them, and even though I can use a script to achieve the same thing this will likely be neater, and from your posts I infer it will be better and more maintainable once it's working.

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Seagate 28tb expansion is on sale at a decent price.
Given that this is likely just an ironwolf or exos is it worth buying 6 of them to shuck for a 10 bay NAS I have coming in October?

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>>106689579
I managed to get it somewhat working by installing really simple security plugin and adding txt dns record in cloudflare but certificate isnt trusted for the most part but not sure why. Also dont get why wordpress is having such issues with my ssl cert. None of my other web apps had any issues i just assigned them my cloudflare one from nginx and worked right away

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>>106690193
hm nevermind, this seems to have broken my nginx site

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>>106678371
im about to throw the gauntlent on a much needed upgrade to the backbone of awmn

good luck me

>>106678478
Well, plugging in the drive that wouldnt show up on my nas into another ubuntu desktop it did end up showing up but disks UI showed "disk is ok one bad sector" so i guess this is a fucked up disk even though it's brand new. I'm not sure if this bad sector is why the NAS is completely not recognizing it, that seems very odd. I did already start the return process for all 5 drives though, pretty torn about cancelling it and trying to get a replacement because if i have any more issues im out a lot of money. Seems like ill just roll the dice on the 5 refurbished with 2 fucky serial number drives i have in place and working. Just not sure if i want to change the configuration from >>106682409 into a single smb data set or leave it as is

>>106689967
$10/tb seems impossibly low. Even the original price at $14/tb is more in line with used recertified drives. Also no one seems to know if it's CMR or SMR.
I'd do it if I needed bulk static storage that doesn't read/write a lot.

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Lads I need to procure a used server for work to use as a snmp/logging server
Is x11 supermicro too old? Beyonnd that I was just looking for anything at least ddr4/nvme, redundant power, and ipmi.
I don't even think performance matters it's just a sql database and a fairly light workload, but I was thinking about overspeccing it since this would be the first ever on premium server my company will have so I might find more use

home server is the dumbest shit i've ever heard of

>>106690840
sir, this is home server general. you can probably do that on a refurb mini pc from 2014

>>106689777
>oops I accidentally clicked delete
raid + snapshots are good for this, but they're still not a backup.

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I don't know how to interpret this. Is this bad? I've got a WoW server running on a mini PC

>>106690840
It'll absolutely do the job but it's too old for a business as they're end of lifed already. X13 is probably the oldest I'd go for a new server for a business so you keep getting updates.

>>106690954
I use jellyfin everyday. Having netflix like access to 10TB of my media while halfway around the world for weeks was amazing. Immich for google photos replacement and memos for google keep replacement. Self hosted password manager has been very nice too. Not to mention hosting games servers for friends.

>>106690840
Pretty much anything would do the job. If you or any friends work in semi large companies you can ask if they are getting rid of any computers. I got like 8 work station desktops from my sisters old company for $100 and they all had xenon cpus and 1060-1660ti gpus

>>106691022
htop is much more readable

>>106691022
Nah you're good. Whatever Azeroth is is using 101% of 1 core. Your CPU usage is at 12.8 used by user processes (azeroth mostly), 86% of the time it's at kernel idle. You're not using any swap at all either. Good to go, keep trucking.

>>106680826
I got a 2TB vps at 3.5 EUR/month, guess that's cheap. It's backed by RAID 10 and speeds are amazing. A shame that I can't really use this speeds with just incremental backups.

>>106684886
>I never trusted tailscale for some reason, couldn't even tell you why, but I'm glad I decided to just deal with wireguard directly.
because it introduces a third party in your network. Use headscale instead of the tailscale signalling/control server.

btw, I'm trying to upgrade my poorfag setup of i5 10400/46GB RAM/ 4060 Ti to something server like with more oomph and extendability, also for ECC RAM to use with ZFS. Should I get some server hardware or consumer AMD is good enough? I am running nextcloud, arr*, AI, and a bunch of other stuff.
Some recommendations would be quite helpful, even in used market.

>>106691096
ecc isn't necessary for the home server, so unregistered on amd consumer is fine.

>>106691034
>as they're end of lifed already.
good thing I make the decisions on hardware age and replacement.
Like I would go newer but I cant find any x13 on ebay except like GIGA expensive ones.

>>106691096
>2TB
That's nothing. A 2TB usb drive is like $100. Most people with a NAS or any real amount of data to backup have like 40TB+, that gets really expensive. I have 60TB but only like 9TB in use, I'm most likely to get a 22TB external drive to backup to for now and when it gets too small ill just shuck it and setup something else, or just have a couple of external drives likely at a relatives house.

>>106691096
I'm a fan of splitting the difference between server gear and home gear when you can. AsRock RACK X470D4U fits the bill. I used to have 3 of them, they're nice. Supports Ryzen 5000, had IPMI and serial, supports UDIMM ECC, though unofficially.

>>106691118
The reason there are none on ebay is actually BECAUSE they're still supported, used servers go on the market because they're end of lifed and businesses don't run them anymore. Usually businesses buy their server hardware from other businesses haha Hit up a VAR and see if they can work a price up with you.

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>damn how do we reuse all this tooling from GPU mining?
https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0D69J9HDQ/

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>>106691429
holy shit, fukken sold

>>106687122
Use proxmox with debian. My stack is all debian vms on proxmox unless its something dedicated like opnsense

>>106691068
What about RAM usage? I'm seeing a lot of big numbers, and don't really know how to interpret what's good or bad about them.

>>106691429
Unironically almost bought one of these the other day, but my Define R6 will suffice for another few years

>>106685571
I started off with Immich. Had enough of manually moving my photos to some shitty external HDD, and not being able to access them easily. Now my entire family uses it because they all have gay 128GB iPhones

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Is there anything inherently bad with managed chink switches? I don't care if the CCP knows about my goon habits. They're not the ones who have jurisdiction over me

>>106691691
i would not trust the psu, not so much about going down, but catching fire

>>106691691
if you don't need 6 gorilliong gbs, why not get one of the bajillion enterprise ones on ebay?

>>106689967
Seems more likely to be a Barracuda these days.

>>106691784
I wanted to do 16 cat6a drops throughout the house, and use a multi-gigabit switch. Maybe I should just go with a gigabit switch for now until the 2.5g switches become more cheaper and quieter

>>106681534
https://scaron.info/blog/debian-mail-postfix-dovecot.html

>>106691834
28tb baracudas don't exist. These are rectified exos line drives

>>106690647
My NAS craves 5 drives of 28tb raid formatted storage

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>>106691894

>>106691567
Nah you're still good, that's actually why I mentioned the lack of swap usage. Swap usually only gets used if you don't have enough RAM, and your swap is entirely unused. Looks like you've got 3 or 4GiB remaining of your physical RAM.

>>106691847
2.5G in general is pro-sumer garbage, it's expensive and lacks features. Go straight to 10G if you want multigig. There is almost certainly no need for that though if you're doing it just to do it. 99% of devices in a home are wireless and 99% of the devices in a home that aren't wireless will never use close to the speeds that a cat6a cable will allow. Just get a normal 12 or 24 port 1Gb switch and run one of it's 10Gb uplinks to a desktop or something as needed if you do actually need 10G somewhere. You'll save a lot of time and money by running cables only when you need them.

I've got a weird issue here, and I can't imagine what's causing it.

So I've got a little mini PC I'm using as a server. I forward the ports required for it to work, and I can see that they're forwarded properly.
When I try to connect on my Desktop PC (wired connection) it works perfectly. When I try to use a WiFi connection to connect, it doesn't see the server at all.
I can use SSH to connect to it, but otherwise, it acts like the server doesn't exist.

A while ago, I was running a similar server directly from my Main PC, and it worked perfectly. I could connect from any system anywhere. Nothing has changed since then, and yet now I'm having this new issue.

I've tried setting NAT filtering to Open, tried restarting the router and server multiple times. I can't figure out what the issue is.

My main PC is Arch, and the server is Debian.

I'd rather not factory reset my router, but if I can't figure things out I might just try.

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Pretty new so this might be a stupid idea or not feasible but what would one need to setup a network in my car
It's a camper type setup I usually spend the entire weekend in the bush with mates and their campers and we would all like to share movies and potentially have LAN parties from the comfort of our rooftop tents my technical skills aren't amazing but hands on practical I can handle if I have semi clear instructions
Would also appreciate greatly any recommendations on over the counter systems a idiot could install and use
Thanks in advance!

>>106692291
Is your wifi and wired the same subnet? Is the server on either of those subnets or a different one?

Also, how are you connecting to it, you state that you're port forwarding, are you connecting to it through WAN or via your LAN?

>>106692567
I don't think they're part of different subnets. When I look at my Router config, it just shows all wired and wireless connections as interspersed together within the same subnet mask. 192.168.1.2 - 192.168.1.6

The server on the mini PC and my main PC are wired in. I'm trying to access from a Steam Deck connected over Wifi, and a system on the other side of town.

I tried reassigning the ports to my main PC, and opening the version of the server there, but the same issue still happened. Like I said, this wasn't an issue a while ago, and as far as I know, I didn't change any settings or anything.

I can connect to SSH from any system, but when I test the ports used for the server, it shows nothing.

>>106692598
Okay, but when you're on your LAN, you're attempting to connect via the servers LAN address, correct? Or are you connecting to WAN address with the forwarded ports?

The service is clearly up because you're able to access via wired.

It shouldn't be your physical router since you're not actually routing as they're all on the same subnet. Do you have a firewall on the server? If so, then you can try disabling it, then testing to see if there is an issue there.

It very well may be service dependent as well, what is the service you're having an issue with?

>>106692685
I'm using the public IP address for the router in all cases. I'm pretty sure the server doesn't have a firewall on it. (It's the default SSH server package for Debian with no GUI)
I just found that if I try using the LAN address, it works over Wifi.

I'm doing a World of Warcraft private server. It goes over ports 3724 and 8085. It doesn't see the service at all when using the Public IP.

>>106692719
Yeah, that's expected. You should look into hairpin NAT. Hairpin nat is what you need to set up for LAN clients to access other LAN clients via WAN address. I'm not sure why it worked when you had it set up intially. I usually just access my servers that are forwarded to WAN via the LAN address but hairpin nat is the setup that needs to be implemented for this to work as you want it to.

>>106692525
you can do this with any off the shelf router and wifi, preferably a good one. if you need more ports, any switch should do honestly, youre not doing anything complicated if it's just lan. youd connect to the local IPs your devices get. look up 'local net bogons' and read your router manual to know what IP your devices should get.

if youre looking for internet then you need to plug that in to a starlink or do something with your phone which i cant get in to. I also wont get in to powering them.

>>106692844
I got NAT Filtering set to Open, and it didn't seem to change anything.

>>106692525
don't listen to this anon, he's mostly retarded
>>106692866
Yes, get a consumer "router" which is really a firewall/access point.
Then get all your mates some 5 port switches.
Then get a bunch of long ass ethernet cables and run them between your camper.
And then connect your computers to your switches and your switches to your firewall.

That's your physical network.

Your router/firewall will give out IP addresses to you and your mates and you can share files and do all that shit you wanna do.

Now, if you are pleb and just wanna do wifi?
Then yeah go ahead and set up a wireless network on that same firewall/router/access point and give your mates the password.

You have now made a network.
Once you do this, you can post back on this board and ask for more advice like how to share files or set names or whatever the fuck else you want to do.

but setting up a network is just a matter of plugging your shit together (or wireless)

>>106692979
I appreciate the advice everyone has offered
Say I do all that and set it up and get the mates connected forgive my probably stunning ignorance but how would they or I then access anything
A movie for instance what interface would we be accessing

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>>106678371
Does teamspeak6 server store media in memory? I can see it getting very out of hand with my friend group if so.

>>106691117
okay thanks but some anons do swear by the ECC/ZFS duo

>>106691142
yeah ik but I need an offsite backup that can be tested from time to time to escape bitrot and generally just check if the vps' drive hasn't failed.
I have around 22 TB of usable storage but the 2TB is the data I REALLY wouldn't want to lose.

>>106691161
thanks! This looks quite good. I would lean towards 8 RAM slots though since it's easier to find 16 GB cards and the aim would be 128 GB.
Will see if this board has a bigger brother.

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let's fucking gooo

>>106690419
>awmn

ha you greek malaka i havent heard of those letters for a long time
who are you? can you share your node?

>>106692525
love me troopy, used to take my projector out with me, but after a few times its sorta defeats the purpose of going out, all you need is a good bluetooth speaker, a roaring fire and enough beer and sprits to last the night.

My server might be due for an upgrade in a year or two, can someone point out any obvious caveats in putting toether something like the following (website in Dutch)?
https://tweakers.net/best-buy-guide/desktops/beste-thuisserver
... ignoring the HDD, which I'd obviously be reusing.
iirc the N100's GPU does not support AV1 encoding, and only having 2 SATA ports might eventually be annoying (?), but otherwise I cannot see any obvious flaw.

>>106693693
i own the 5 main nodes of athens im sure you know who i am

>>106689404
thank you anon. I decided to go for the Used Elements drive. I'll run a smart test when it arrived. I'm not sure what drives they use in the Elements drives but hopefully it's fine for the NAS if I ever use it in that. More likely it'll just stay as a backup though

>>106692525
all you need for a LAN party is a roll of Cat5, terminators + crimp tool, and a switch that has as many ports as devices you want to connect.

I have a syncthing instance set up on my Intel N100 home server.
I can't access syncthing page from my local network, so I ssh into the server, run

journalctl -S 2025-09-25 -g syncthing

see nothing out of ordinary, refresh synthing page in browser but now it works. It works even when I end ssh connection, at least until the next day, when the cycle repeats.
Any ideas what is happening?

>>106691528
Interesting, what is the reason you run all debians vms instead of running a container ?

>>106689693
not bad little buddy

Can you add drives to a raid 5 array after setting it up? Can you change the raid mode without data loss?

>>106695144
in the mythical timeline where either BTR or Bcache got their shit together

I've heard it's bad to use SMR for a mass storage raid array but does it matter if I don't intend to leave my PC on all the time?

so my Openwrt TP-Link Archer C7 just isn't cutting it, what do you guys recommend that isn't crazy-ass expensive?

>>106694487
I genuinely hope it's not an SMR drive
>>106696101
it's actually good if you plan on having them pretty much read-only after filling them up. Terrible choice otherwise. Painfully slow rebuild times, too

>>106696360
VM on a hypervisor assuming youve already got one, if you dont and you only have one server, then set it up as a hypervisor and make your server's current workloads into VMs and set up a router VM. When your router is virualized, instead of plugging your modem/ont into your router, you will make a WAN VLAN and plug your modem/ont into a switchport on that VLAN, include that VLAN into your trunk to the hypervisor and give your VM an interface on the WAN VLAN. Tada, now your router VM can communicate with your modem, and subsequently with WAN. Give the VM an interface on all of the VLANs with subnets that you want it to route for and then you can configure the router to route between WAN and LAN. Will likely want a DHCP and possibly a DNS server as well for obvious reasons. I used to use a standard debian install with dnsmasq for dhcp and dns. Its not too difficult to set up and it will probably use an insignificant amount of compute from your server. You'll want to make sure youre either not listening for most of these services on your WAN interface, or simply firewall them away from the WAN interface (best to do both).

>>106696766
just so I follow, this effectively makes my TP-Link into a switch which avoids any processing taking place on it? I guess this is an interesting idea and I will look into it.

>>106696101

maybe but if you want smr in raid they are at their best?

>>106696794
Yeah, if you decide to keep using it, you can use it as a switch and access point. To do this whole setup though you will absolutely need your own managed switch already.

>>106694690
it's listening to localhost by default, change it

>>106696794
except skip the VM part, just buy some refurb low power with two ethernet. you don't want your router in a VM.

>>106696794
>I will look into it
I would personally NOT 'roll your own router' like the other anon suggested and instead just run OpenWRT since you're already familiar with it and the hardware overhead is minuscule.
I'm guessing you're already on DSA with your C7?? So there shouldn't be any learning curve on x86, beside some slight differences in installation/storage management.

>>106697162
>you will absolutely need your own managed switch already.
Why? Realtek NICs cost pennies and you avoid that router-on-a-stick retardation.
>extra ports
The C7 is now a dumb AP and a managed switch, if anon wants more ports he can just add a switch later.

>>106697799
>except skip the VM part
The first reply literally said "if you already have a server with spare compute".
>refurb
>low power
>dual NIC (out of the box?)
Like what? I'm always open for new ideas specifically for this
>you don't want your router in a VM
Did you get filtered?

>>106698235
> I would personally NOT 'roll your own router' like the other anon suggested
Fair, it's probably overkill but it's absolutely great for learning about networking which I recommend to everyone, networking is foundational.

> Why? Realtek NICs cost pennies and you avoid that router-on-a-stick retardation.
You're right, you hypothetically could install a bunch of NICs on your hypervisor and pass those directly through to the router VM, but I think that's much more retarded than just trunking your VLANs to the hypervisor.

It's not a router on a stick from the perspective of the router as the router will have a dedicated network interface for every VLAN that it is on. A single NIC is always a single point of failure though so I also would recommend using LACP to bond a couple of interfaces together but even without doing that, having a managed switch and trunking to the hypervisor is a much better solution than a hypervisor with a shit ton of ports.

Also ROAS is fine especially for a home network, if you're pegging the limit of any individual NIC on your router then obviously a spare NIC would be nice but usually it's better to just put whatever spare NIC you would buy in whatever machines are needing routing at +1Gb and just stick then on the same VLAN so you don't need to route.

> Did you get filtered?
They did, VM routers aren't a difficult concept to grasp, especially if you're leveraging a routing redundancy protocol or VM HA failover. I've been doing it for years.

>>106698235
>>106698703
It is also the absolute cheapest option, and cost was a qualifier in the initial question.

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>used (not refurb or recertified, just used) 16 TB WD Ultrastars (~half the price of new) with ~30k hours, ~30 TB written and ~80 TB read on them
Yay or nay?

>>106698772
There is no difference between used, refurb, or certified. Theyre all used and shouldnt be thought of as anything else but. You need to be 'certifying' your own drives and you shouldnt buy from anywhere that doesnt have a 100% money back guarantee if you find the drives are no good. Just like a certified pre-owned car is just a used car, a refurb or certified drive is a used drive. You should never pay a premium over used for a certified or refurb drive.

30k hours is a lot of hours though.

>>106698235
I don't put my router in a VM because I'm actually bringing my host down for any number of reasons. Unless your uptime is high and you can guarantee it and you don't mind the occasional loss of internet when you do bring it down then by all means, go ahead and put it in a VM. I do it for a subnet below my main one, but for the LAN where all my other devices and other people's devices connect I'm not going to put that in the VM. This is /hsg/ and I'll assume you're not "leveraging a routing redundancy protocol or VM HA failover." On that other server you didn't mention having.

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>>106698919
>There is no difference between used, refurb, or certified. Theyre all used and shouldnt be thought of as anything else but.
Yeah, I know. What I meant is that they are specifically advertised as just used with no sugarcoating and marketing bullshit.
30k is indeed a lot but oh well. Judging by the almost nonexistent write/read stat most of that time was spend idling in a server rack. 16 power cycles doesn't sound bad either.
I bought one out of curiosity and am currently in the process of testing it (there is a money back guarantee, would never even consider buying otherwise). It looks and sounds normal. PWL sound is as obnoxious as one would expect (fucking WD). SMART looks good (other than 30k hours of course).
0 errors, 0 pending, 0 reallocations. Anything other than 0 would be an insta-refund obviously.
Helium level 100 (how does that sensor even work?). "Vibration during read" is green but I have no idea how to interpret that value. Highest recorded temp 45C or something like that.

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Am I schizo'ing it or was there some brand and/or model lineup of enterprise HDDs that could "communicate" with each other using vibration? Like a bunch of drives in the same chassis somehow synchronizing... something?
I think I heard something like that a while ago but I don't remember any specifics.

>>106698703
>It's not a router on a stick from the perspective of the router
That's like saying the routing isn't virtualized from the perspective of the WAN infra and clients, no shit, it's still virtualized though.
>could install a bunch of NICs
I meant a single additional NIC
>I think that's much more retarded
Retaining proper duplex and having full, transparent control over discrete network segments is more retarded? I think I trust a hypervisor and a NIC, more than I trust a cheap managed switch's firmware in this instance.
>>106698722
>It is also the absolute cheapest option
I'd love to see a managed switch cheaper than $10.

>>106699245
>I don't put my router in a VM because I'm actually bringing my host down for any number of reasons
That makes perfect sense then, I kinda asked "filtered?" jokingly and expected the answer to be security related which is also valid.
>HA failover." On that other server you didn't mention having.
That wasn't me vro, anyway what were the low-powered machines you were talking about?? I ask in earnest because sometimes people show me shit I didn't know existed.

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>decide to update wlan infrastructure because the old ass shit I have actually starts bottlenecking internal and external traffic
>since I'm upgrading everything anyways decide to rebuild network using VLANs
>spend all day trying and failing to get VLANs to work with cascading switches
>separation and filtering would have been the next big issue if VLANs consistently worked in the first place
>end up just physically separating internal, guest and IOT wlan APs behind their own switches with their own gateways because it's all around more secure and easier to manage

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Has anyone here self-hosted Karekeep as their favorites list organizer? How well does it work, and what was the setup process like?

I'm one of the very few people who actually used Mozilla Pocket, and I still need to set up an alternative for when they finally kill off API access to it in two more weeks.

The reason I want to self-host this goes without saying, I want an option that isn't liable to get yoinked when the company running the service realizes that serving favorites.txt isn't a particularly profitable business model.

I already tried searching the archive, and I found that the name Karakeep has never been mentioned once in the entire history of /g/ (not a good sign to be quite desudesudesu fampai)

>>106699998
>I already tried searching the archive, and I found that the name Karakeep has never been mentioned once
Haven't personally used it, but it was previously known as "Hoarder" good luck differentiating that keyword on here lol.

Here are some seemingly more mature alternatives
https://github.com/wallabag/wallabag
or
https://github.com/linkwarden/linkwarden
or
https://github.com/go-shiori/shiori

Shiori seems to be the closest to a drop-in replacement if you don't want all the other shit the others have

>>106700207
Nvm, Wallabag is the only good pick here

>>106699408
30k is a lot but it's not a whole shit load in the grand scheme of things, only about 4 years or so I think. If it survives a prolonged stress test then run it.

>>106699555
> That's like saying the routing isn't virtualized from the perspective of the WAN infra and clients
No that isn't at all what that's like, router on a stick is a way of configuring your router with virtual sub-interfaces, with each sub-interface dedicated to a singular network segment. The router is not ROAS when it resides on multiple non vlan-aware bridges explicitely because it doesn't have subinterfaces. You could hypothetically put it on a single vlan aware bridge so that it only has one interface and configure the virtual router with virtual sub-interfaces so that it actually IS in a ROAS configuration but a virtual router being behind a single interface trunk does not on it's own make the router ROAS.

> I meant a single additional NIC
That's a good point, I guess my brain defaulted to thinking about my own setup. I currently have 16 subnets and keep a redundant router on every one of my several hypervisors with more hypervisors and subnets in the works, so I would need in excess of 4 4x NICs entirely dedicated to just routing when I could otherwise just trunk and LAGG a couple of ports together to achieve the exact same thing with redundancy on each individual link. That's genuinely a retarded concept. If your network is simple enough to just pass-through interfaces then go for it. I started out doing that too when I first virtualized my router to save a couple bucks a month of router fees.

> I'd love to see a managed switch cheaper than $10.
I never suggested buying anything at all, especially a dirt cheap managed switch. Their openwrt router is itself a 4 port managed switch, they already have it.

>>106696360
There's this be19000 router that's supposed to be used only with quantum/century link's service but is gonna get openwrt in the coming months. It's only $30 and even has 2x 10G ports.

what's a good technical project to learn more about networking? my server already has a bunch of dockers on it running some pointless shit(other than copyparty), but i do have a spare r630 sitting in the corner.

>>106700417
>No that isn't at all what that's like
Okay, it's a BTLVR (Bottlenecked Trunk Link Virtual Router (not a ROAS)) with a managed switch spreading it's ass cheeks to WAN.

>>106699500
misremembering because you're a schizo, it's a not uncommon feature to slightly change rpm so that you don't get the entire rack's vibrations (which happen whenever anything moves) synchronized, which causes a lot of noise and problems.

>>106701066
Mature lol I'm trying to teach you something but I guess that's what I get for trying to do that on the asshole of the internet.

>>106700417
>>106700417
if you used a managed switch for bridging layer 2 segments between devices you could cut down on your port utilization substantially.

also i hate the ROAS gatekeeping because it should be by topological significance rather than specific implementation because function can be identical with BDI/EVC over EFP where the upstream layer 3 device handles all east west and north south at the same time for the downstream layer 2 device. really in 2025 subinterfaces aren't mandatory.

>>106701356
> if you used a managed switch for bridging layer 2 segments between devices you could cut down on your port utilization substantially
Yeah, I do this to give my hypervisors and my physical kubernetes cluster access to my ceph front end network. Strict firewall rules on who is able to talk to the ceph hosts is usually good enough for this usecase since I don't need any DPI or AV stuff on that traffic. I have all other traffic go through pretty strict firewall rules. Utilization is pretty minimal without sending ceph traffic through my firewalls considering the hypervisors are fed by 2x10Gb SFP+ bonded together. Utilization wasn't even a big deal when I was using 2x1Gb rj45 interfaces either really.

> also i hate the ROAS gatekeeping because it should be by topological significance rather than specific implementation
I agree, a gateway is a gateway, especially if utilization isn't an issue.

> function can be identical with BDI/EVC over EFP where the upstream layer 3 device handles all east west and north south at the same time for the downstream layer 2 device. really in 2025 subinterfaces aren't mandatory.
Haven't encountered these before, super cool stuff though looking at it though.

>>106699500
I don't know about the drives communicating with _each other_, but there is this:
https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.03431
>DiskFiltration: Data Exfiltration from Speakerless Air-Gapped Computers via Covert Hard Drive Noise

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wtf ZFS is sick
is there some sort of rebuild/"resilver" calculator somewhere?

>>106703225
as in estimated time for a resilver?
assuming no bottlenecks, it's roughly the seq speed of the slowest drive in the VDEV

Is there any software that lets me stream .mkv files over LAN to a device that doesn't support the format, like a phone?

>>106704442
we need to start a thing where these really low IQ questions are forced to go ask an AI before coming here

>>106704457
But anon this entire board is AI

What sort of free-space fragmentation on a HDD ZFS pool is acceptable? Mine is currently at 30% and im sorta worried seeing the number slowly going up as defragmentation is a pain in the ass with this FS.

>>106704457
Don't remind me of that AIjeet asking how to scrape images because all he could find were google drives kek. He samefagged a lot too.

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>>106697479
it's set up to listen on wildcard tcp
gui listen adress is 0.0.0.0:8384

https://www.alibaba.com/x/1l9qtQw?ck=pdp

I'm ordering this wish me luck when it arrives in half a year

>>106704736
is it inside container? what's your firewall settings looks like?

>>106694690
if you just ssh into the machine and then immediately close connection, does it still work after a refresh?

>>106705599
it's not in a container

>>106705646
it does work after i close ssh connection, but not after a server reboot

>>106705658
no like if you
>reboot server
>ssh in
>close ssh connection without doing anything
does it work then?

>>106705672
yeah

>>106705708
it sounds like you have a networking issue unrelated to syncthing then. Do you have the same issue with other web frontend services?

>>106705729
no, e.g. jellyfin works without issues

>>106705769
how exactly are you running the syncthing service?

>>106705815
i run it as a daemon

user@hostname:~$ systemctl status syncthing@user.service
○ syncthing@user.service - Syncthing - Open Source Continuous File Synchronization for user
     Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/syncthing@.service; disabled; preset: enabled)
     Active: inactive (dead)
       Docs: man:syncthing(1)

I feel like I fucked something during the installation and/or configuration and should do it again from scratch, but it would be helpful to know exactly what was the mistake

>>106705873
I was thinking that it could be running via systemd --user, becuase depending on the configuration those units are started upon logging in. Are you certain that syncthing is running before you ssh into the machine?

>>106705906
>Are you certain that syncthing is running before you ssh into the machine?
no

>I was thinking that it could be running via systemd --user
it seems probable, systemctl status doesn't recognize 'syncthing', only 'syncthing@myusername'
any tips on how to verify and change this?

>>106705873
Looks like you need to run

loginctl enable-linger

to enable user services before login.

>>106705121
I swear chinkshit gets to me proportionally faster than local shit
makes you think they have warehouse cells all over the country

>>106705873
>

disabled; preset: enabled

You have the system service disabled.
I think the actual service you're using is at

systemctl --user status syncthing.service

which only runs on login if you have linger disabled.
So you could either enable linger to start the user service on boot or disable the user service and enable the syncthing@user system service.

>>106705996
Hopefully. But i also chose the cheapest shipping option so they estimated arrival by new year. For 50bux hauling a bigass metalbox across the world I think it's pretty fair

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>>106705952
>>106706053

loginctl enable-linger

helped, thanks a lot!

Anyone else's setup broke today? In a single docker compose I had specified the postgres:alpine container, which was updated from postgres 17 to 18 and wouldn't start.

>>106706292
why are you doing major db version upgrade without reading its changelog, retard. at bare minimum you must do db dump on older version, spin up new version then restore it

>>106681478
dirty

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>>106678371
>temporary home server
>stuck with a 4790k

Use case for anything more powerful than N100?

>>106682842
Transferring files over my network between my devices

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>wanted to use my old PC as a proxmox server
>It's on a 6300 and bulldozer is notorious for how trash it's virtualization is

>>106703225
I think a lot of people get lost in the fact that zfs doesn't even use the system fstab for mount points either. just imagine taking everything that could ever involve your filesystem that you could possibly want and stick it all inside one singular tool and call it zfs.
hell, I have my kernel command line parameters set in a property on the boot dataset.

>>106703225
i'd fuck with it if it didn't use up all my ram

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>current 'network/server rack' is a ramshackled wooden shelf with all my shit piled on it
>patch panel mounted on the wall with cables going to bedrooms, livingroom, etc..
>a bunch of little TP-link 8 port switches (2 managed, 1 unmanaged)
>Fortigate 60f as a home router
>its all a mess of noodles
>decide its time for an upgrade
>just ordered an 15U lockable rack
>and a mount specifically for my fortigate
>and a 2U 1000 watt sinewave UPS thats controllable and monitorable via lan
>and a 1U switched PDU that would allow me to power cycle specific devices and also monitor things via LAN
>i'll 3d print racks for all my other shit
I'm going to be cooking

>>106692184
>2.5G in general is pro-sumer garbage, it's expensive and lacks features. Go straight to 10G if you want multigig.
If you really want 10Gbit (you are going to have a hard time saturating it), consider fiber, though.

Termination is not such a big deal anymore since you can get pre made cable in lots of lengths these days and LC plugs fit through fairly small holes, especially if you've got cables with staggered fanouts. Just gotta live with storing the slack.

SFPs are pretty pricey (around $40 per port), but not that bad if you're ok with FS chinesium. You may save a little bit on cabling (technically fiber is cheaper to produce than copper, but most fiber vendors are price gouging cunts that pocket most of the difference as margin, especially for patch cable).

Where fiber 10G really shines in comparison with copper is power consumption/waste heat. 10G copper switches get mighty warm and consume ~10W/port. For fiber it's ~1W per port.

i7 9700
32gb
2x12tb hdds
1x512gb nvme

i use it as a file server that i access from my pc via smb
kinda wasted no? anything i could use it for? i want to wipe the nvme and replace it with two 256gb ssds for redunancy and i might just reinstall the os.

>>106710516
>i7 9700
>i use it as a file server that i access from my pc via smb
>kinda wasted no?
Yeah thats wasted
My 'file server' cpu is a Pentium Silver J5040 and it is also an emby server, and an automation run server (has several python scripts running at the same time 24/7)

>>106708791
use it to play the deus ex remaster instead

>>106696766
Would I still be able to use the router as a wireless router if I did it this way?

>>106710670
Also should I run a VLAN trunking setup? Claude AI suggested it as an alternate option, I haven't done much with VLANs so idk

>>106708897
you can cap the usage

>>106692979
nigga why you calling me retarded you just told him to do what i said but with more words

>>106693026
im the 'retarded' guy who doesnt act like an indian and talk like a redditor or ai. I must be getting psyop'd because he just said what i said but with more swears.

anyway this parts more complicated and gets in to creating a fileshare or accessing the internet. youd have to figure out which of those routes you want to take.

i recommend just bringing it on a USB drive or pre-loading it on a pc. i run an isp datacenter and this would be my preferred method short term.

for internet, your best bet money permitted is find a router that supports bridging to a cellphone for internet access, or one where you could add a sim card. then access the movies the way you normally would while connected to that network you set up in the prior post.

if youre not wanting internet but you want to share movies, the easiest way would be to set up windows fileshare and hand out creds to people on your network. windows uses SMB shares and I dont know what mac uses. people could play the movies from that fileshare once connected.

bonus if your router accepts a USB disk and can run a fileshare off that. I think some Mikrotik routers can and theyre pretty cheap in the US.

otherwise i need more of what youre expecting to do.

>>106700862
theres some kid on the internet who has an open invitation to join a global bgp network for learning purposes. set up a cheap used device that supports bgp and ospf and join that.

>>106709753
not with a toilet paper link you're not going to be cooking.

>>106692184
be careful with your phrasing. multigig is 802.3bz which is 2.5g/5g/10g not just 10g.

>>106710372
expense is typically an issue when you have to buy a shitload of GLC-TE transceivers or if you have PoE anywhere and end up having to run injectors or a separate copper switch.

>>106710728
man up.

>>106711148
just bridge your network with some randos haha having my own ASN is the literal coolest. what is wrong with you? he wouldn't even know how to set up a dmz VRF for this to isolate his shit from these people. he would be better served setting up a cloud relay by tunneling to establish BGP on a private ASN between his home network and the cloud relay VPS.

Can I run fiber through my house with the same type of fiber they use for PON? Single fiber with an APC connector?
Cables and connectors are super cheap and they're toolless too. Haven't checked the price for media converters though.

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What's a good budger laptop to buy off ebay to install ubuntu server on and run a website on? I have 2gbps up/down internet.

>>106711423
mine >:)

>>106711423
>laptop
just buy an hp mini

>>106711384
no, an APC cut ferrule is at an angle. you need to have specific transceivers that accept APC cut ferrules or you'll have loss. UPC is what you're looking for unless you're using APC specific optics and fiber everywhere, which technically works but is completely unnecessary and strange.

>>106711560
i am ironically looking at the hp g# laptops right now. I don't want to bother with a mouse, keyboard and a display monitor though that's why i want a laptop.

>>106711373
>he wouldn't even know how to set up a dmz VRF for this to isolate his shit from these people

maybe he does, maybe he learns in the pursuit of what i suggested. maybe he learns the hard way. maybe someone in the community steers him in the right direction. he asked for a goal post.

>what is wrong with you?
esl moment. reads asian or eastern european? not indian. unsure.

>>106711850

Aside from installing the OS, do you even need to locally interface with the server? Never ran a website but with proxmox everything is done through the network, webinterface n' shiet.

>>106711854
>>106711148
i cant actually find the guy i was talking about, but
dn42 is similar. ewpratten and his amprnet article kind of outlines another option. look for 'hobbyist bgp networks'.

>>106711850
once you set it up and plug in an ethernet cable, you'll do all your management over ssh or a web interface, it's great.

Stupid question; I'm lrn2arr-ing right now, do the actual *arr apps need to go through your vpn to keep your isp and the fbi off your ass or is it only the actual torrent client?

>>106711886
>>106712192
I didn't even think about this. Any suggestions for under $400 intel i7 or i9 mini pcs?

>>106712229
prodesk 600 g6 mini

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>>106711373
>not with a toilet paper link
wtf does this even mean?

>>106712229
https://www.ebay.com/b/PC-Desktops-All-In-One-Computers/179/
Then filter or search on the processor you want. Stick to Lenovo, HP, or Dell. Add Fujitsu if you're a euro.

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>>106712236
>HP

>>106711854
"what is wrong with you" reads as ESL to you? are you retarded? why are you speaking like a robot?

>>106712278
you have autism

>>106712299
look it's just the one I have, find whatever flavor of tinyminimicro fits your particular brand warfare autism. The point is that it's a very small unobtrusive box that has all the bits you need at a reasonable price.

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>>106712396
>you have autism
i do but i still dont get it

>>106712749
what is "TP" generally used as shorthand for?

>>106712802
test point

>>106712802
tushy penetration, aka a night with your mom?

>>106711810
There's APC to UPC adapter cables that will work fine. If you want to mix and match, use these. Loss is one thing, but APC and UPC don't play nice in terms of mechanical compatibility - you may damage the fibers' end face or the SFP when connecting APC plugs to a UPC SFP. Also, APC SFPs are not too common.

Single fiber is a bit iffy because you need to use WDM optics which send and receive on different wavelengths on the same fiber. These are more expensive and may experience trouble if their wavelengths are off and reflection loss in the fiber is too low.

You're damn right about cheap, though. These 2 or 4 fiber pre terminated surface mount wall outlets with a length of open fiber on a spool are nice. I use these a lot for quick & dirty fiber runs inside buildings.

>>106713152
i thought he was talking about single mode fiber and left a word out but you're implying simplex fiber. so, not only he would need to get bidioptics/wdm that accept APC ferrules, but APC cut simplex fiber is typically terminated SC, which adds another layer. moral of the story, just do UPC duplex.

What are some reasonable things I could do with an Intel N150/250/350 system if I already have a capable OpenWRT router?

>>106712802

twink pos

>>106713381

it does not do realtime video encoding but pretty much anything like irc screen nas e-mail

>>106695144
Depends on the implementation, in most cases yes. It just takes a good while as it spreads things around.

>>106712802
trunk port! See, I knew I'd get it.

>>106713215
>i thought he was talking about single mode fiber and left a word out but you're implying simplex fiber.
PON typically is WDM over simplex single mode fiber. That's not a problem, though. Nobody uses single fiber cable for PON. It's always 2, 4 or 6.

>but APC cut simplex fiber is typically terminated SC, which adds another layer. moral of the story, just do UPC duplex.
It still exists but, that is slowly being faded out. These pre terminated surface mount wall outlets I like to use are available in LC, too.

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I need to run an ethernet cable from one side of the plaster ceiling to the other, probably with a few bends on the way. How do I do this without tearing down the entire ceiling?

>>106714042
how hacky are you willing to get
can you get into the attic
does it have to be over top or can it be down around the baseboards

>>106712802
Turning Point

>>106714042
Tack the cable up there (plaster screws, mounting tape/putty, command strips, whatever), and then if you get sick of how crap that looks you pay a plasterer to chuck an art deco ceiling design over the top of it.

>>106714195
>how hacky are you willing to get
as long as it works I guess
>can you get into the attic
it's an apartment
>does it have to be over top or can it be down around the baseboards
the baseboards in place are solid wood I think, can't run inside them

>>106714042

no you dont
if you must find old tubing
just drill a hole and seal cable with acryl

>>106693877
I want to do something similar, but after watching
>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DSTOUOhlc0
I plan to go with the Micro ATX version
>https://www.asrock.com/mb/Intel/N100M/
to have more wiggle room in terms of SATA power. I already have a spare PSU. the only downside is it wouldn't be completely fanless.
I also considered this board
>https://www.asus.com/motherboards-components/motherboards/prime/prime-n100i-d-d4/
because it's cheaper, but its I/O is pretty trash, so I think I'll go with Asrock.

>>106706971
CI/CD / build server? I imagine N100 would be pretty slow for that.

>>106681534
Things sent through your self hosted email server will get flagged as spam as well. The solution is to use a service for transactional email.

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is there a method of setting a server and downloading something in it and see the dropped packets? I need to do some Bit error rate test but I don't wanna spend money.

>>106713803
wtf are you talking about simplex is a single fiber cable. ITU-T PON uses single strand bidi fiber as well.

>>106714699
iperf?

>>106714699
cat /proc/net/dev?

>>106714827
I'm not sure what you are complaining about. Your words are a bit mushy and you use weird jargon. I presume "bidi" refers to bi-directional, i.e. a single strand fiber where TX and RX are multiplexed by being on different wavelengths.

That notwithstanding, I've never seen a FTTH hookup where the telco used actual single strand fiber to connect any household. It was always between 2 and 6 fibers in a cable, presumably as a hedge against future need. And the PON indoors cables are always at least two strand, so the hardware can be used for regular transceivers if hooked up through an APC/UPC adapter cable.

>>106714699

ftp download with logging?

>>106713215
>moral of the story, just do UPC duplex
LC/UPC simplex does exist.

>>106715373
They do single in my country

>>106715499
thank you for your contribution to the thread.

>>106715373
this jargon is incredibly standard in datacenter land. i've personally had single strand FTTH just like >>106715501 said. in new york from verizon, so it's not a third world country by any means.

>>106715708
>new york
>not third world
Anon, I...

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Are there any good ready to go systems (barebones, aio, embedded, doesn't matter) that can fit two half or full height NICs (so at least 1x x16 with bifurcation or 2x x8 PCIe 4 or better) and has ideally 4x1G onboard Intel NICs? I'm looking for something to serve as two nodes in a failover opnsense config. ECC support is a must and the system needs to be pretty beefy in terms of CPU power, 8C+. Doesn't look like there really is anything. There seem to have been embedded EPYC boards in the past that seem extremely good but they seem impossible to get.

>>106696670
>SMR drive
Is that likely when it's 16TB? I thougth I read something about drives under 12TB being CMR
How would I check once I receive it? I might just leave it as the backup drive in that case

>>106680826
>the cloud is way to expensive
I thought this but I looked up prices and was surprised 1tb is only like 10 bucks a month
Of course for power users that's not much but for the average person I can see them paying that no problem and never bothering with a NAS whereas before the prices were exorbitant and just 1 year of 1tb Cloud Storage would be less cost effective than buying a cheap NAS

>>106713381
The N100 is the lowest tier of this lineup, and its better than half of the old e5-2600 CPUs and plenty of people still use those, its not super fast but it can do quite a bit. I run a bunch of VMs and services off of an intel atom c3558 and its about half as powerful than the N100. I'm planning to replace some of my e5-2600 boards with something from the Nxx0 lineup if i can find an atx motherboard with 4 sata ports and a pcie slot wired for pcie 3.0 x4, so I can replace the motherboards in my ceph cluster with something much more power efficient.

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>>106710372
>SFPs are pretty pricey (around $40 per port)
FYI, you can get them well under that if you look on eBay.

>>106698772
amount of spinups would be my deciding factor.
which is why i get 2nd hand datacenter disks. might have 30k hours, but <5 spinups.

anyone use firecracker rather than kvm?

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Is this thing a meme? Looks like a good little web server.

It's blowing my mind that all this time people were running Openwrt directly through their server and then just setting their switch to connect directly to their VM rather than using some jank 2015 router.
I feel so dumb for not realizing this earlier.
No wonder people seem to have fast networks while mine is just shit.

>>106718991
You can always just run a hard router, just one more powerful rather than a forbidden virtual router

i'm trying to set up an sshd config on an rpi i just found. i'm setting up pubkey authentication as usual, but it's still allowing password auth when the PAM setting is enabled, and completely shutting off all login invluding pubkey auth.
i'm not familiar with PAM, is there some setting i need to include?

>>106719023
Not sure exactly what you mean, but I just started running a creaky physical router (which I had just sitting about and not doing much) on openwrt and the fucking thing is too shit to handle an audio call on Signal.
Wdym by forbidden virtual router?

>>106719162
sounds like you were asking that cheap device to do more than it was made for.

>>106719175
I wasn't expecting much but I did think it could handle a single audio call without lagging.
What kind of VM do you have set up to run Openwrt out of curiousity? Not sure how much h/w I should dedicate to it.

Has anybody done shit with self signed certs on internal domains? I am getting /filtered/ trying to get something set up for this.

I am using docker and traefik if that is of any help for context.

>>106719199
if you're going to virtualize router software then use opnsense.

>>106698235
>Like what?
best I could find was the optiplex 7050 sff but you're gonna need a network interface card

>>106719218
what is the problem? getting clients to accept the certs or making them?

>>106719429
All of it really. I tried adding one to my traefik config but no luck. I think I really am just being /filtered/ I can't use letsencrypt BC its an internal domain. Not even sure where to begin or what to look up. To be very clear I haven't really done a ton of research on this. Really just trying to see if anyone else has done something like this before to see if there was a simple solution I'm missing.

>>106719331
what does virtualisation have to do with which router software is used?

>>106719513
features, mostly. openwrt has always been a os designed to target specific machines, though I admit I've never tried the generic x86, and I haven't used it since the WRT54GL days, I've always used pfsense or opnsense.
>>106719462
you generally need a certificate authority that you create yourself, then a private key you generate yourself, then generate a certificate signing request from the private key using the certificate authority to output a certificate.
you then use a combination of those 3 files in your particular setup. never used traefik so I have no clue how it expects those 3 files, the CA, cert and private key.
then all of your clients will need to import your certificate authority and/or the certificate into their client settings, which varies widely from operating system and software.

>>106717887
Huh. I have to confess, I usually don't even look there. I normally buy the generic ones from FS and so far I haven't found any chinesium they don't work in (I don't do vendor C, vendor J or any other silliness like that - few of my customers even need 10G at all and most are price conscious to say the least).

How do random SFPs off ebay compare to these generic FS ones for compatibility?

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Rate the setup I'm about to purchase, hsggers.
I want it for nextcloud, plex and later on when I get the gpu some LLM fun.

CPU: Ryzen 5 PRO 5650g (cooling be quiet pure rock pro 3)
Motherboard: ASRock B550M Pro4
RAM: 16gb ecc from goodram
PSU: Corsair rm650
GPU: rtx 3060 12gb
Case: Cooler Master N400 if I can find one , they are so hard to get but such good value
I have 4 10tb and 4 1tb drives, gonna zfs raid 5 them (into 2 drives), will use some old lsi hba in it mode to connect them

>>106719989
have fun anon. if you're going to use a bunch of consumer stuff then why not just build a new gaming PC and rotate your old one into a server.

>>106719798
>How do random SFPs off ebay compare to these generic FS ones for compatibility?
If your talking Chinese equipment, then pretty much any generic SFP will work.
They are going to be the most open out of anything.
FS is only useful if you have a piece of equipment that is actually picky

>>106719331
but would it be enough to use something I already know like openwrt? I like the small footprint/clean UI

>>106717135
your best bet, especially since you mentioned ECC is to get some used but not too old supermicro system

your wishlist is possible if you know a guy or have a lot more money to spend

>>106719331
>>106720193
Like yes, it wouldnt be a terrible idea but I do also agree with them. Opnsense would be better.

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>>106719989
>GPU: rtx 3060 12gb
based and midrange pilled

>>106718991
Absolutely, it is a based setup. You can even install a router OS that supports VRRP or CARP and then you can put redundant routers on all of your servers so that as long as you have 1 server on, you have a router running.

>>106719162
A virtual router is a router that is running in a virtual machine. Some people dont like that but theyre just getting filtered, I've been doing it for years.

>31,000 power on hours
>0 SMART errors
>£95 for 8TB WD80EMAZ
Keep it or return it?

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>>106682842
>file storage rather than paying microsoft/google/whoever
>plex with sonarr/radarr instead of paying netflix, prime, disney plus, discovery, etc.
>komga to host spicy doujins
>opnsense to avoid needing a shitty router + you can use VLANs for network segmentation + wireguard for remote access

>>106720087
I'm don't really have a place to put it where it wouldn't matter how loud it is so I'm trying to go low power, low noise while still having video transcoding. So a quiet cpu cooler and semi-passive psu. The drives aren't actually that loud unless stressed, but neither next loud not plex require that much read speed. The GPU would be used occasionally and shouldn't make too much noise at idle.
My current pc is way too loud for this.

>>106720341
Best 12gb vram gpu value as farnasni could gather.

>>106719798
>How do random SFPs off ebay compare to these generic FS ones for compatibility?
I haven't had any issues with the ones I've bought, and in general I wouldn't expect any, aside from with equipment which artificially restricts itself to first-party optics.