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File: 1762480767584458.png (182 KB, 1159x906)
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Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share experiences.

*** Please be civil, notice the "Friendly" in every Friendly GNU/Linux Thread ***

Before asking for help, please check our list of resources.

If you would like to try out GNU/Linux you can do one of the following:
0) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice in a Virtual Machine.
1) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice on bare metal and run your previous OS in a Virtual Machine.
2) Use a live image and to boot directly into the GNU/Linux distribution without installing anything.
3) Go balls deep and replace everything with GNU/Linux.

Resources: Please spend at least a minute to check a web search engine with your question.
Many free software projects have active mailing lists.

$ man %command%
$ info %command%
$ %command% -h/--help
$ help %builtin/keyword%

Don't know what to look for?
$ apropos %something%

Try a random distro:
https://distrosea.com
https://distro.moe

Check the Wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros):
https://wiki.archlinux.org
https://wiki.gentoo.org
https://wiki.debian.org

/g/'s Wiki on GNU/Linux:
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Category:GNU/Linux

>What distro should I choose?
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Babbies_First_Linux
>What are some cool programs?
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/list_of_applications
https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page
https://suckless.org/rocks/
>What are some cool terminal commands?
https://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/browse
https://cheat.sh/
>Where can I learn the command line?
https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide
https://www.grymoire.com/Unix/
https://overthewire.org/wargames/bandit
https://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/Bash-Beginners-Guide.html
>Where can I learn more about Free Software?
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html
>How to break out of the botnet?
https://prism-break.org/en/categories/gnu-linux

Previous thread: >>108179796
>>
>>108211159
Wasn't T2 proven to be a nothing burger on macs? Asahi wouldn't even have been able to exist if they actually locked it down.
>>
>>108211159
But we've already seen the arm stinkpads like that snapdragon X13, it was truly stinky. I'd even proclaim that Windows on ARM will never catch on.
>>
>>108211183
Doesn't matter. Once x86 is finally fucking dead, loonix is finished.

>>108211159
THANKYOUBASEDAPPLE
>>
>>108211203
If X86 dies it won't be because we've all switched to ARM. It'll be because China is just now starting to get good at building Loongarch CPUs and will soon flood the market with actually good high performing stuff (as long as politics like tariffs and trade bans don't get in the way of that)
>>
>>108211159
If x86 dies, Linux dies with it. In the west it's Apple that has completely locked down hardware and software. In the east it's actually Huawei+HarmonyOS which are their Apple+macOS equivalent. As soon as Windows stops being utter shit on ARM Microsoft will start making exclusive deals for locked down devices. Linux will only be on shitware just like it is when it comes to smartphones (Pinephone being a good example of shitware). It's a sad future for the penguin.

Hold on to your x86 hardware for as long as you can.
>>
>>108211267
The problem with China is that their devices are the same as Apple. Completely locked down. At least from what I've heard. You can't install HarmonyOS onto any ARM laptop that isn't a Huawei and apparently you can't wipe it to install something else.
>>
>>108211276
Loongarch will be open like x86. It's effectively China's attempt at building a CPU architecture without having to deal with the licensing restrictions of x86 (only AMD and Intel have licenses for it).

It looks really promising:
https://www.phoronix.com/review/arch-linux-loongarch

If they keep at it then it'll replace the Raspberry Pi completely with development boards like that and eventually maybe even laptops and desktops.
>>
Has anyone actually benchmarked how much the architecture specific builds of packages matter on CachyOS or if it largely does not matter at all. I'm wondering if I'm cucking myself out of performance just using plain Arch with the generic packages. My CPU only supports x86-64-v3 though.
>>
>>108211287
idk eden didn't work on cachyos for some reason so i stopped using it and went back to fedora.
>>
>>108211287
try phoronix for benchmarks, but for actual use, the difference is not great. Software like openssl already use hardware capabilities unrelated to your compiler flags.
>>
>>108211296
Having used both Fedora and Arch I often get the experience of something not working on Arch and 99% of time it's because some component that is included in Fedora by default is missing. Usually it's easy to figure out what you need but sometimes there is no convenient error message telling you why your software is not running and in those cases it can be annoying to figure it out.
This is why I'm just considering going back to Fedora for the ease of use. Arch is nice when you finish configuring everything to your liking since at that point you have nothing you don't like and only cool and good things in your OS working in perfect harmony but then you introduce a new element and now you need to start the tinkering process again until it's properly integrated to your setup. And I'm getting too old for that shit, I just want something that is not Microslop but doesn't take effort in maintaining.
>>
>>108211285
>Loongarch will be open like x86.
Based if true.
>>
>>108211287
In my experience not enough to bother.
That said if anything, it's not like CachyOS makes it too difficult to -not- use all of these specific tweaks or packages. It literally is just a couple of repositories on top of arch.
Then again, in the same vein, it's not like you can't at least enjoy the cachyOS kernel specifically (and scx) pretty much everywhere else. A lot of non-base distros are going "fuck it we'll just use or give the user an option to use the default cachyOS kernel". Adding the cachyOS kernel to fedora is trivial. Ultramarine has a command that switches to it. Every damn gaymer distro out there is patching the kernel grabbing from cachyOS. It really doesn't matter either way.
>>
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>>108211358
missing libraries and packages are a pain esp when the developer of the application doesn't specify what is actually needed. honestly it wasn't the full story since i just switched to ryubing which worked but after a system update cachyos wouldn't boot which was the reason why i actually switched. like i can't remember the last time my operating system didn't boot because of an update.
>>108211388
>Based
based on what?
>>
>>108211388
That particular board Phoronix was given has PCIe and boots using UEFI, etc. So they're already doing better than the vast majority of ARM crap out there.

The fact that board actually looks like a "DIY PC motherboard" with socketable CPU, etc, automatically makes it promising.

Where are the ARM motherboards and CPUs for DIY PC builders?
I feel like the only company that could do that is NVIDIA with their ARM CPUs they're developing but they're still not here yet.
>>
>>108211358
I have that experience with Arch, but I also have it with pretty much almost any distro to some capacity.
I mean on arch for instance I have the AUR, suddenly I have a need for a very weird package, and I find it more frustrating on fedora because suddenly I don't have a nice little copr for it and I gotta build it, or they package it but it's a really old version, or whatever the fuck. I install openSUSE, I want to try dankshell and hyprland is giving me all sorts of trouble for whatever reason, and I don't know if it's because of hyprland -in- openSUSE, if it's because of dank shell itself or whatever the fuck. The only place where I truly found universality is flatpaks. If I have to tweak font settings for my fucking web browser on flatpaks, that problem is in Arch, Fedora, Debian, fucking Solus OS, so at least it's consistent.
>>
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Been running Fedora for a few days now after having tried Mint. So far so good. Funnily enough a steam game that had trouble running on windows ran perfectly on it.
I'm a complete noob and really only moved because I became tired of Windows over the years.
Any advice or recommendation? especially so my desktop looks better.
Like I've said in a previous thread my usage is very light outside of gaming.
I'd also like an alternative to Dolphin file manager. I liked the one on Mint better, and really liked Directory Opus on Windows.
>>
>>108211419
Flatpaks are nice. Generally these days if I run into any kind of trouble with new software that I can't immediately solve with some package installs or whatever I just uninstall it and install the flatpak instead and if that works then I just use that. Lazy maybe but also comfy.
>>
>>108211429
I dunno what desktop environment you were using on Mint but odds are whatever file manager it used by default is installable regardless of distro/DE.
>>
>>108211429
add wallpaper with anime girl
>>
>>108211429
You can just install Nemo which is what Mint (Cinnamon, I'd assume since that's the default version) uses as a file manager.
Your desktop is what you make of it. If you use Dolphin that means you have Plasma. If you want to make Plasma look somewhat different, go into the settings and fuck around with it, there's not a whole lot you can do wrong these days (it used to be that way more). If you want you can install a different desktop, although Fedora is been moving away from the classic stuff more so I don't know how well behaved more classic desktops (like the one you used in Mint) are. Also, installing GNOME alongside KDE is usually cumbersome because their configurations can conflict with each other (stuff might look weird). GNOME is less customizable by default, if you ever choose that, but it's by no means difficult.
>>
>>108211446
I do that for stuff like Darktable. Everytime they push a new release it's often AppImage/Flatpak first and then you can wait for a fucking month and still get no new update on even rolling release distros, and I can't have that because Darktable is constantly adding shit it fucking -needs- to be even remotely usable.
I like AppImages too. I like how simple they are even if autoupdating them is not as dead simple.
>>
>>108211471
I recently installed Xfce as an additional desktop on a system that started with Fedora KDE using the instructions here:
>https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/quick-docs/switching-desktop-environments/
My experience was mostly fine. There is no problem logging into whichever desktop I want and they both work without issues for me but there is some jank where the new DE might overwrite some preferences for your current DE when installed. For example my Bluetooth device manager became the Xfce one in both KDE plasma and Xfce. Doesn't matter to me but something that WILL matter might happen in some cases I guess.
>>
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Sometimes when I boot up my arch+kde laptop, it hangs on a black screen after the grub bootloader screen. I can't access the tty, and I usually get errors like picrel on boot. Any ideas on how to fix this?
>>
>>108211533
Yeah usually the more classic desktops don't really conflict too much with it other than the annoyance of having extra applications installed for the same purpose and the decorations looking a little different.
I've seen some attempts at making the process a bit more seamless and clean of replacing (not adding) DEs. Sort of like scripts that automatically backup DE settings in /home, remove the specific files, add the default distro configuration for the newer DE and remove the specific packages pertaining to the old DE so that there's no overlap and it looks just like you installed the XFCE or Cinnamon or whatever edition. Again I think it's only with GNOME <-> KDE that this is something more necessary since these are at odds with each other when it comes to configuration and metapackaged shit including their display managers.
Something that's surprising to me is that these immutable distros I've seen are a little bit more annoying about DE switches. It's often strongly advised to rebase something like bazzite (KDE) to bazzite-gnome and viceversa. I've done that myself and indeed GNOME looked a bit broken.
>>
>>108211584
>It's often strongly advised against*
>>
>>108211466
already done anon

>>108211471
Yes it was Nemo. Out of curiosity is there any other?
I tried messing around a bit but at the end of the day my usage is so limited that it's nearly pointless. I don't plan on switching to GNOME right now, even if it does sound it might be a better suit for me
Since I have two monitors, I was also wondering if it was possible to clone permanently my panel? having to maintain two at the same time is annoying.
>>
>>108211576
compare with a working boot to know which errors are part of the problem and which can be ignored.
>>
>>108211629
It's 100% going to be the drm errors.
>>
>>108211611
You have Caja, which is similar to Nemo, what MATE uses. You have Thunar, which is what XFCE uses. That one has a highlight feature that's pretty cool but otherwise nothing remarkable. You have what GNOME uses which is Nautilus (renamed to GNOME Files), which has less features but it aligns more with GNOME. Then there's just a bunch of random stuff out there like pcmanfm. Dolphin usually excels for having the biggest amount of features, but some of them are half assed (for instance, it has a very basic file tagging system that is not too useful due to how barebones the search function for these is).
Not sure about the panel cloning, sorry.
>>
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>>108211159
>>
>>108211429
Since you mentioned Dolphin, I assume you're using Fedora KDE? If you have a Qt-based DE such as KDE, you probably want to use another Qt-based file manager:
>PCManFM-Qt
>Konqueror
Nemo is probably going to look ugly if you're not using a GTK-based DE.
>>
>>108211629
Those are errors from a working boot, I get the same errors when I get the black screen, seems like a 50/50 chance of whether it boots correctly or doesn't.
>>
>>108211159
>after months of tinkering finally figure out what is most likely causing the issue preventing me from playing videogames for over 3 months now
>nvme ssd and GPU are butting heads on the PCIE lane in my linux distro and freezing up my entire system.
What utter fucking garbage.
Benchmarking the nvme ssd and the gpu causes my entire system to go off the rails.
>>
>>108211743
It doesn't write to the journal on unsuccessful boots? You need to check the log of those boots, not the active one.
>>
>>108211743
if you don't get any more errors on a failed boot this will be hard to crack.
>>
I have determined that there is nothing inherently wrong with Ultramarine.
>>
>>108211722
That's right, Fedora KDE.
I'll give PCManFM-Qt and Caja a try

>>108211637
well I've looked a bit but I don't think it's possible
>>
>>108211768
gpu driver crashes can crash the kernel. messy affair.
might want to check that it's not your compositor causing issues though.
>>
>>108211768
>Having problems with several months with input lag
>Think it's most generally a linux issue and cannot be resolved easily
>Find out through a reinstallation of windows that the 2.4ghz dongle I use with my gamepad is just shitting itself and works actually far worse than bluetooth on windows, very unstable
>Ah, finally I found the fix to my troubles
>Go back to linux
>Still have (nowhere near as severe though) more input lag
God
fucking
dammit
>>
>>108211936
this is why i always use wired.
>>
>>108211933
How? Literally how? I've been trying to figure this out and at least diagnose it accurately for months now and nobody can help me on any forum or even chatgpt.

>>108211936
I might have to resort to installing win10 and seeing if it fixes all my issues or not. God I don't want to install windows, but there is literally no options that I can think of.
>>
>>108211952
>How? Literally how?
just use another compositor? mutter, kwin, hyperland, cinnamon... usually the x11 and wayland compositors have different pipelines too.
>>
>>108211964
>just use another compositor?
tried X11, it hard rebooted once it ran into the problem. While wayland froze gradually.
Both were on Plasma.
>>
>>108211971
>While wayland froze gradually.
i hear there's a vram memory leak issue with nvidia.
>>
>>108211994
>i hear there's a vram memory leak issue with nvidia.
and how to fix and test?
>>
>>108211268
If Windows dies, Linux dies with it.
>>
>>108212002
mangohud has a panel that shows vram.
>how to fix
ask nvidia to open their drivers or beg them to fix their shit. alternatively: buy an amd gpu.
>>
>>108212016
>mangohud has a panel that shows vram.
The VRAM never reached the full 8GB.
It usually tops out at 6.9GB.
But I've had this shit happen even at 5.9GB.
>ask nvidia to open their drivers or beg them to fix their shit. alternatively: buy an amd gpu.
Neither of those fixes are realistic.
>>
what distro should i install on my old (k5 100mhz 16mb ram) computer?
>>
>>108212032
one that's like 20 years old
>>
>>108212029
>The VRAM never reached the full 8GB.
mangohud only reports what the gpu reports. so that doesn't mean it's not the issue.
gradual freezes are usually a memory issue in my experience.
>>
>>108212045
>mangohud only reports what the gpu reports. so that doesn't mean it's not the issue.
then why suggest it as a way to test it, if the info it gives is completely unreliable?
>gradual freezes are usually a memory issue in my experience.
Neither RAM or VRAM is topped out.
The system just runs into a atomic commit stall and the entire pcie and kernel level just stalls and all things freeze. Video output of the game first, NVME, audio eventually as well.
>>
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>>108211401
>>
>>108212102
AI's gonna take that womans job
>>
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>>108212102
>
>>
>>108212045
I've had my vram run out but it never froze my system or anything like that, it just tanked the fps in my game to a point it was unplayable and I had to restart it.
>>
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>>108211159
I've been using linux for years at this point but have never bothered actually learning how to use it. I just started hating windows enough to switch to Kubuntu but I don't have the motivation to learn how to actually use linux. When you "learn linux", what does that actually entail? Kubuntu is pretty good at being user-friendly enough to get me to not care/overlook issues that could definitely be solved easily if I knew how to use my OS. My biggest issues (and I'm not particularly asking for one-stop-shop solutions, but mostly what I should learn to solve these issues and future issues on my own) are:
>discord screensharing is weird with audio, which I think is due partially to using Wayland. Most games' audios work (especially if I restart discord) but if I'm screensharing a video I have to use mpv and switch the audio device manually each time
>don't know how to search for software without consulting an llm or scrolling through 50+ vague apt suggestions
>don't know wtf to do with tarballs (seriously, why isn't there an auto tarball installer included with kubuntu?). I know how to execute the software but don't know how to actually install it on my OS so I don't have to use the terminal every time
>probably a lot more that i can't think of right now. Honestly I don't really care how "riced" or whatever my desktop is, i just want everything to work and to not have to use windows. For the most part it does. I haven't actually had windows on any of my computers for almost a year i think
But steam works out of the box so I've been okay for the time being
>>
>>108212129
Nice non-sequitur.
>>
>>108212032
Debian 3. Oldest release with ext3.
>>
>>108212251
not my problem that you can't think for yourself. not like i did anything differently than you.
>>
>>108211276
>You can't install HarmonyOS onto any ARM laptop that isn't a Huawei
This says more about ARM than China
>>
is it "day-bian" or "dee-bian"?
>>
I made a custom prompt (really I just changed the colour of it) for bash. I put it on my .bash_profile in the home directory. I can manually source that file and it will change prompt colour. Problem is, it doesn't do that automatically. From what I understand .bash_profile should run everytime you log in, so when booting and logging into my account, it should read it, right? It doesn't do that for some reason. If I go to another tty and log into it, it will source it and change the colour.
What is wrong here? If it didn't source it at all then I'll understand I fucked up somewhere but how does it work on tty but not on my normal graphical session? What's the issue here?
>>108212516
"Deb" as is Deborah.
"ian" as in Ian.
>>
>>108212187
Fundamentally, you don't have to "learn" much. It's all about what works and doesn't for you and your expectations. Basically:
-You have to learn how to troubleshoot your issues rather than look for alternatives first
-You have to learn how to report issues if shit doesn't work for you. Just because you might not expect something to work, doesn't mean you don't have the right to ask for it to work. That helps out not just you but more people, it is essentially a form of contribution. However you also have to provide information, sometimes verbose, about what you're trying to get to work, and if it's a feature request rather than a bugfix request, it'll be more demanding from you to actually explain your usercase. And your mileage may vary between communities, some are more cooperative, some less.
-You could learn how applications are distributed, bundled and built. It's not that hard of a process. The biggest problem you'll have building applications of your own is that your preferred distribution might not have the packages you need to build. But here's the thing: you can also try building those packages. You might also consider the newer distribution methods that are distro agnostic, like Flatpak or AppImage. Don't make it harder than it needs to be.
-One of the biggest differences between distributions is the update release schedule, that's about it. You can have the vast majority of software available on linux running everywhere, practically speaking. What changes is that it might not be up to date from official repositories. But this is subject to change if you add third party repositories with newer package versions anyways. What doesn't change so much is the aforementioned methods, Flatpaks and AppImages.
-Learn how to stop yourself from chasing what "might be better" or you'll spend a lot of time distrohopping and doing stupid stuff related to the OS instead of what you want to do on it. That's probably the most important part.
>>
Anyone here been running Gentoo as a daily driver on modern hardware? How stable has your experience been?
>>
>>108212793
been daily driving Gentoo on my workstation, laptop and server for years with no issues.
Any breaking changes that would require user action are published and clearly explained ahead of time in eselect news items, it's hard to miss them since you are always reminded of unread news in bold colored text each time you update your packages.
Most of the time though no user action is required.
>>
>>108212793
I used it as a daily driver for a year or so, can't recall any problems beyond things I messed up myself.
>>
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really looking forward to the official kde distro.
>>
>>108212871
cool project but very strange presentation
>>
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>>108212890
i do like kde. i don't like what other distros do with it.
>>
>>108212897
>you don't have an NVIDIA GPU that's over 6 years old
why bully
>>
>>108212982
nvidia is a dick and don't support their old gpus well on linux. my 7970 and 480 still work just fine on it.
>>
Man switching from cinnamon to kde has been a struggle, it keeps breaking in a multitude of ways
>>
>>108213047
Which distro?
>>
>>108212871
It's not too bad but eventually a lot of people are going to want to at the very least have a way to unfuck themselves from purely flatpak. At least those ublue distros have rpm-ostree and the like.
>>
>>108213064
cachyos
>>
>>108213072
damn. Doesn't that one have a kde configuration package + instructions on how to back up certain config files so it isn't too painful?
>>
>>108212897
This distro totally is not for me
>>
>>108213142
so since when have you been in retirement? 1999?
>>
>>108212187
To add to the other anons list of things you can "learn" on Linux is BASH then even move to ZSH so that you're ultimately fine with jumping on a MacBook if you need to.
Also Linux provides a lot of opportunities to learn more about servers and networking if you're looking to make the most of the OS.
>>
>>108213152
what kind of question is that?
Immutable OS and containerized apps are not something I am excited about at all. Quite the opposite in fact.
The nvidia gpu bit is no reason to use this distro, and I am no KDE developer and have no interest in being one of their testers.

If they wanted to sell their distro to me they should probably mention stuff like this is the best KDE experience or something,
>>
how do i stop KDE from moving the mouse around by itself?
>>
>>108211709
>Winblows dies
>Linux gets mass flooded by retards coming from windows
>None of them give a shit about the history or philosophy of RMS or Linux
>RedHat finds new gullible users to fool with their new shiny product
>Soon Linux becomes proprietary in all but the license and name
This was not how I imagine the year of the Linux desktop...
>>
>>108212871
i was on this for around 60 days, didn't have a single problem and games worked great. I am now on ubuntu because gnome is my beloved
>>
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>>108213244
I think that's a problem with your mouse (or touchpad if you have one). Clean your mouse and check again.
>>
>>108213286
no its moving it to windows i open or sometimes in the middle of using a program to the same spot
>>
>>108213249
windows refugees will go to mint or something



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