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File: 1769010673302161.png (62 KB, 500x455)
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Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share experiences.

*** Please be civil, notice the "Friendly" in every Friendly GNU/Linux Thread ***

Before asking for help, please check our list of resources.

If you would like to try out GNU/Linux you can do one of the following:
0) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice in a Virtual Machine.
1) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice on bare metal and run your previous OS in a Virtual Machine.
2) Use a live image and to boot directly into the GNU/Linux distribution without installing anything.
3) Go balls deep and replace everything with GNU/Linux.

Resources: Please spend at least a minute to check a web search engine with your question.
Many free software projects have active mailing lists.

$ man %command%
$ info %command%
$ %command% -h/--help
$ help %builtin/keyword%

Don't know what to look for?
$ apropos %something%

Try a random distro:
https://distrosea.com
https://distro.moe

Check the Wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros):
https://wiki.archlinux.org
https://wiki.gentoo.org
https://wiki.debian.org

/g/'s Wiki on GNU/Linux:
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Category:GNU/Linux

>What distro should I choose?
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Babbies_First_Linux
>What are some cool programs?
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/list_of_applications
https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page
https://suckless.org/rocks/
>What are some cool terminal commands?
https://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/browse
https://cheat.sh/
>Where can I learn the command line?
https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide
https://www.grymoire.com/Unix/
https://overthewire.org/wargames/bandit
https://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/Bash-Beginners-Guide.html
>Where can I learn more about Free Software?
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html
>How to break out of the botnet?
https://prism-break.org/en/categories/gnu-linux

GNU/Linux Games:
>>>/vg/lgg

Previous thread: >>108546036
>>
>>108558820
You can't rmeove the ~, she's pretty sharp
>>
How can I make my PC feel more "Linuxy"? I started using GNU/Linux a year ago, started with mint with cinnamon and now im on Arch with Plasma. Now it just kind of feels soulless and doesn't feel like "Linux" at all. I tried other desktop environments but always ended up on Plasma again.
Any suggestions?
>>
>>108558919
the fuck is linuxy?
>>
>>108558919
rice openbox and tint2 or something
>>
First reply decides what distro I install on my sketchy Chinese laptop.
>>
Uh bros, artix's iso with plasma on a fresh runs at 1 frame per second. Any fixes
>>
>>108558919
linux is a kernel
>>
>>108558944
windows 11
>>
>>108558964
friendly, anon
>>
>>108558946
what did you try already?
>>
>>108558983
Rebooting and reinstalling. I can't do shit inside the system - it's that slow. Maybe I'll try void. Mint ran fine, same with windows before Mint
>>
>>108559000
you're leaving the distros with extensive testing and easy support. you're going to have to step up your skills and effort. otherwise, stick to the big distros. exit the gui and get to the text console or ssh in remotely.
>>
>>108558964
It has to actually be GNU/Linux. It comes with Windows 11 pre-installed anyways so that's no fun.
>>
>>108558919
Install gentoo or something without systemd
>>
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>>108558944
debian.
>>108558919
mouse.
>>
>>108558919
bspwm + sxhkd + rofi + picom is about as linuxy as it gets.
>>
>>108558919
Uninstall DE, do everything from tty.
>>108559074
Also this.
>>
>>108558963
Yes that's why I used quotation marks, retard-kun
>>108558939
I dont know how to explain. That feeling of freedom you get from the aesthetics. Like when you first install a kino desktop environment. The open source sounds on boot and shutdown. Like how unity desktop used to feel.
>>108558940
I'll look into this. I never heard of those.
>>108559074
I did install gentoo last week. It was interesting but definitely not for me
>>
>>108558919
If you're talking about the GUI Linux experience then install a tiling window manager or a retro DE. Could be MATE (old gnome) or Trinity (old KDE) or could go even harder and install CDE, TVVM, or Window Maker and rice it a bit.

If you actually somehow mean the experience in the terminal (userland, init system, etc) then I'd recommend installing Alpine. It has a good amount of software and is stable, but if you want to make it into a daily driver you'll have to do some modifications. It's a nice experience, especially if you have a specific idea in mind. I made mine use as few systemd parts as I could. I could probably try even removing dbus as well in hindsight. If that's a bit too autistic then install Devuan wince Debian - Systemd is a solid Linux experience. Feels nice and simple while having a lot of packages. If you want more autism, install Gentoo. That's the the endgame unless you have actual nostalgia for Slackware
>>
>>108559213
>Like when you first install a kino desktop environment.
yeah, that's cool
>The open source sounds on boot and shutdown.
sounds? what?
>unity desktop
erm, do not want
>>
>>108559213
>That feeling of freedom you get from the aesthetics
>>
>>108558919
install dwm, sway, niri or icewm and only use CLI/TUI software
>>
>Calculating dependencies
Gentoo's emerge is honestly so fucking slow. Dependency resolution should be instant in the year 2026. Is it because it's written in python? Just rewrite it in rust with AI.
>>
>>108559761
i used gentoo for like a year and dropped it because of this. the tedious package management, and constantly rebuilding everything is really pointless past 2006.
>>
>>108559761
>instead of having it slow but working
>lets make it slow, 50 times the size and also not working
>>
>>108559761
I never got the complaint about slow package managers. Nigga, how often do you update? 10 times a day?
>>
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do calamares supports encryption nowdays?
>>
>>108560035
sir please enter date of birth and sacrifice your first born son to continue
>>
>>108558919
Learn Bash and automate some shit
>>
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I need a distro recommendation for my laptop.
My needs are:
Decently low overhead and/or plenty of battery options and optimization to keep battery life decently high
Supports 2-in-1s. Touchscreens and flips back and forth between laptop and tablet mode with few hiccups
Uses gnome DE out of the box and looks nice
Has Intel Wi-Fi drivers as part of the install. There's no Ethernet port on my laptop so I would appreciate not having to break out a dongle
I don't do much with my laptop outside of basic document work and web browsing so I don't need anything super super fancy
I've used Ubuntu and Fedora on this laptop before but I've been disappointed by the battery life. I swapped back to windows for a bit just to see the difference and windows 11 gives me almost 2 extra hours on battery
>>
>>108560371
>Decently low overhead
>Uses gnome DE
>>
How can I replace my system if I have no USB and no SD reader?
>>
>>108560444
I'm not life maxing my battery. I just don't want the difference between Linux and windows to be 2 whole fucking hours
>>
>>108560474
Net install.
>>
>>108560371
Ubuntu and Fedora are both fine. You can try Bluefin since it has better defaults than Fedora. It sets up zram out of the box so I assume better power management would also be set up.
But you can use any distro really. Your battery life can be improved by switching to a powersave power profile instead of using balanced or performance, or by installing and enabling TLP (and configuring it if needed).

>>108560444
A DE doesn't noticeably affect battery life. All the DE battery life comparison videos are memes. If you're comparing the most efficient DE with the least efficient one, the battery life difference is maybe 5%. Any difference beyond that is usually a matter of x11 vs wayland, or a difference between default distro power management.
>>
>>108560497
I looked it up and apparently I need to set up a server to boot from it? And I need another computer to use as a server?
Man why does this have to be so complicated?
>>
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spent days trying to figure out why artix had no audio. it was properly installed or set up. Then i try the front panel audio jack and it works instantly

Turns out there was an "auto mute" function that would automatically turn off the rear audio jack from the motherboard if it detected something on the front jack or something, except it was on even if nothing was plugged to the front jack.

Just a SMALL detail to overlook on the audio control UI. Would've been faster to just install debian or something else to fix it, artix and KDE plasma run quite sluggishly on this i5 2400 with a gtx 970
>>
>>108560474
>>108560689
Create a new partition on your disk and flash an install image there. UNetBootin supports this, but I'm sure it's also possible to do this with whatever disk management utility comes with KDE or GNOME.
>>
>>108560689
You can use something like:
https://netboot.xyz/

Just put it in your EFI System Partition and boot from there.
>>
I have only one 500Gb SSD but Steam hardware survey detects 5, with 4 of them being 0GB drives

It also has been prompted each time ive installed steam in any of the computers ive been testing out. I also usually change the steam language to spanish but since the steam survey pops up right after i just installed steam, it defaults to english

i wonder how much data from the steam survey is just complete bogus
>>
>>108562141
The survey is completely random so it's just pot luck that you happened to have it pop up first time before configuring anything.
>>
>>108562236
>The survey is completely random
what are the chances of the survey appearing on login in fresh steam installs on the same account across 6 different PCs within less than 7 days, and letting me submit results every single time it happens?
>>
>>108562344
Don't know. It might be a bug making it appear more often on new installs for some reason. It's not supposed to work that way. Not everyone gets the surveys. I can go months at a time without ever even seeing it.
>>
>>108562141
Probably your card reader. I'm guessing they have the sense to trim outliers at least, but by the same token the information Steam gets can be only so accurate because there's no platform attestation.
>>
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>mkfs.ext4 -c -c /dev/sdc is going to take 9.6666 (repeating of course) days
>>
>>108562879
Using two -c commands of course makes it take forever if it's a fairly large drive.
>>
Is there a linux distro that fits my requirements?
>must be less than 5gb in installation size
>should let me install on my hard drive
>RAM usage should be less than 500mb without opening software and browser
>must run on RAM on boot
>can also install and run steam
>>
>>108563267
I think antiX would fit your needs.
>>
>>108563267
pretty much any distro if you set it up appropriately, if you're just talking about "immediately out of the box", there are a few, though "runs from ram" is an uncommon feature for desktop distros, you can again configure any distro to do that though that's not terribly trivial to set up.
also the combination of <500M /and/ runs from ram means the distro would need to be very small ootb, as that means both the installation and running software needs to fit in that space, it'd help to know why you need this especially since you've specified that it should be able to run steam, this suggests the computer isn't old/minimally specced, nor are you likely to have enough ram to store your games in ram as well. if it's just for performance reasons from a hdd it might not matter as much as you think
>>
>>108563427
>if it's just for performance reasons from a hdd it might not matter as much as you think
i will add though that you can do hybrid approach, like have some software in a ramdisc and others on the hdd, namely you could do something like have the basic system and programs you always want immediately available packed into a compressed filesystem which is loaded into ram and booted from, then use an overlay on top of that mounted from the hdd for additional software (such as steam). this would allow core functionality to remain responsive even when the hdd is being thrashed (i do understand you don't want to being waiting on basic tools to load in the event of hdd thrashing which makes it a pain to fix the issue, i recently moved a friends' server from ssd's back to just a hdd as the ssd's were being borrowed and i was reminded just how annoying it is when a program goes and hogs the hdd making even just ssh'ing in and running htop painfully slow)
>>
>>108562344
I used to see their surveys a lot more often back when I was reinstalling my OS once a year or two and when I was dual booting. My guess is that fresh installs are more likely to trigger it, and the more machines you own with the same user logged in the higher the odds of seeing it.
>>
>>108558919
Use fvwm.
>>
Game performance on Linux is noticeably worse than on Windows on my machine and I can't figure out why. My pc is relatively old, i5 6600 and gtx 970 and almost every game is a stuttery mess. Last example is Dying Light, which i should be able to run with no problems, where i barely hit a stable 40 fps. I installed windows on a spare drive to see if the problem was indeed Linux and on Windows it's buttery smooth at max settings. I'm on arch linux with the 580 drivers from the aur.
>>
>>108564678
Have you tried playing the game for a longer period of time, staying in the same area of the gameworld and does it still stutter? This would test if the stuttering is potentially related to shader caching issues.
>>
>>108564678
There's no mistake. NVIDIA drivers are just that bad on Linux. Worse still, since your card is so old NVIDIA is unlikely to spend resources optimising for it anymore because it's legacy as far as they're concerned.

Your only hope is that Nouveau keeps getting better but there's no proper reclocking support for these old cards because NVIDIA withholds the signed firmware needed to do so.
>>
>>108564716
Not him, but isn't that the reason Steam downloads precompiled shaders ahead of time before you even launch the game?
You can skip that and then it will always have to compile them though until they're cached locally.
>>
>>108564678
from my experience it's almost always a driver issue. could also be your WM/DE compositor interfering or using an old-ass kernel that doesn't support the syscalls that make proton games fast
>>
How do linux users feel knowing Antropic's new AI mythos can easily remotely hack any machine that uses linux without any sort of human interaction? Any form of linux distro is complete obsolete in today's world when it comes to privacy and security.
>>
>>108564741
Why can it hack Linux but not Windows Server?
>>
>>108564741
Take your meds, retard
>>
>>108564741
If they can do that, Blackhat hackers already could too.
You need to flip that on its head, what they've done is replaced the job of a pentester. Organisations will use tools like this in the future to test their own infrastructure and patch flaws before other more nefarious actors can find them. This will save companies millions of dollars.
>>
>>108564741
How do you feel knowing that you're being hacked on every device and every account you own every single day of your life and you don't even care?
>>
can you use HDMI 2.1 on AMD yet?
>>
>>108564811
Yes, if you use somebody else's kernel tree:
https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMDGPU-HDMI-2.1-FRL
>>
>>108564821
Also see this:
https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMDGPU-HDMI-Gaming-v2

There is some activity upstream from the reverse engineering that the community has done. It's just a question of whether or not they can include this legally without screwing AMD.
>>
>>108564821
>>108564846
interesting, hope they succeed
>>
>>108564908
Technically it's not really that arduous. AMD already developed a working HDMI 2.1 driver for Linux, they just can't release it publicly because of the HDMI (((Forum))). So if you want to use it yourself you're in for some manual fuckery.
>>
>>108564678
i'm not familiar with nvidia on linux these days as i switched to amd permanently in 2012, but does your gpu have good vulkan support? that's the key to good performance in games on linux, high performance directx translation requires dxvk, which requires vulkan. without vulkan support you're relying on good ol' wined3d, which translates to opengl and has a fair bit of overhead.
>>
>>108564678
>gtx 970
nVidia drivers are shit
>>
>>108564963
but not that shit so either he did it wrong or something else is up.
>>
>>108564678
the nvidia drivers are at *most* 20% slower. if you see something beyond that you definitely have a config problem. check nvidia-smi, dmesg, your distros page on nvidia drivers...
>>
>>108564678
>gtx 970
It's no longer supported by Nvidia. Old Nvidia's are pretty much paperweights on Linux thanks to closed source drivers
>>
>>108565083
It's worse than that, they have horrible inefficiencies. Gamers Nexus did one test not too long ago where a 5090 got better average FPS than a 9070 XT (as expected) but the average 1% lows were all over the place whereas the 9070 XT delivered consistent performance with no dips. It's that 1% lows that you notice when it stutters for no reason. It doesn't matter how fast you're going if the game dips for no reason at random.
>>
>>108565232
steves a retard.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CXdz6v3nUY4
>>
>>108565218
he said he's on the 580, he's fine (if he actually is, I doubt it)
>>
>>108565258
This is testing AMD, yes that's fine. AMD has by far the best open source driver stack going.
>>
>>108564770
windows would detect that I was trying to be hacked and would prevent that. Windows automatically updates everything, most linux distros do not and are all over the place.
>>
Just curious: are there any alternatives to virt-manager? I understood it's just a GTK front end for Qemu.
>>108563267
>must be less than 5gb in installation size
Barebones Linux system that "doesn't have anything" takes around 300 megabytes or so, regardless the distro. What are your software requirements?
>should let me install on my hard drive
All do(?)
>RAM usage should be less than 500mb without opening software and browser
>must run on RAM on boot
So, no disk writes regarding your usage? Make /tmp/anon_home your $HOME and make /var a tmpfs too.
>>108560737
If there's a vacant partition and an already running Linux system, the already running Linux system can be used to bootstrap another. Done that for ages while distrohopping.
>>108560444
>>108560371
What's an overhead in this context?
>>
>>108565446
>Windows automatically updates everything
Yeah, especially when it fails to update every day for over half a year.
>>
Thanks for the many replies
>>108564732
I apparently had disabled the downloading of caches some time ago, will enable it and download them when I get home
>>108564734
I'm on KDE Plasma with the latest kernel. I tried both X11 and Wayland.
>>108564962
The 970 should have access to Vulkan 1.3, which is one version below the current one
>>108565083
>>108565268
Yep I'm using the 580 dkms driver as instructed by the arch wiki nvidia page, i installed it from the AUR with utils and lib32 drivers. I'll check nvidia-smi, dmesg when i get back home to see if something is afoot. Thanks
>>
>>108565049
>not that shit
Yes, they are. This is a GPU from 2014. Back then even AMD had shit Linux drivers. And nVidia openly stated that they're only focused on newer GPUs when it comes to Linux support. Just because the guy has newer drivers doesn't mean that those drivers have improved anything for his specific GPU.
>>
>>108565646
Back then, the general recommendation if you wanted to play games on linux was to get a nvidia with proprietary drivers. It's not like newer drivers would have fixes/quirks for a game from 2015 anyway. It should run fine even with years outdated drivers.
Unless this game has hicups due to the retarded 3.5 + 0.5 VRAM design of the 970 it should run butter smooth.
>>
Should I daily drive Devuan or Gentoo on my new T440p. I honestly can't decide and need someone to break the tie for me.
>>
>>108565814
gentoo because it is clean.
devuan is debian with a hacky solution to remove systemd
>>
>>108565706
That's why the situation is so weird to me, and it's not like people on protondb are having an hard time playing, it's platinum there. Oh and i also forgot to mention that i'm obviously using the latest version of proton-ge and not the native port, i also tried normal and older versions of proton.
>>
>>108565646
btw, intel already stopped working on alchemist drivers and optimization. nvidia gpus get attention for much longer than intel. amd already discontinue work on the z1/z1e gpu drivers.
>>
>>108565453
Background processes
>>
>>108565453
>it's just a GTK front end for Qemu
It probably depends on what you're doing but the backend is usually KVM as opposed to Qemu. I'm not sure to what extent they work together, if at all.
>>
>>108565983
KVM is the hypervisor (kernel module)
Qemu is the user-space tool to interact with it (it's not the only one, there are other front ends, also Qemu is a CPU emulator too, it can do virtualization even without KVM it's just slow)
Libvirt is a daemon that provides an API and allows configuring Qemu VMs with XML file definitions
virt-manager is a frontend to Libvirt

Does that help?
>>
>>108565453
I think aqemu used to be one but got discontinued
>>
>>108566028
i hate this, btw. everyone switched to stupid gui tools and whenever i need to update my qemu scripts i have to try to translate the xml crap back to command line flags. do you fuckers not automate anything or are you automating by faking mouse movement and shit?
>>
>>108566141
They probably use virsh, the command line interface to libvirt. Having a GUI is just for convenience. In fact, virt-manager is technically deprecated. Red Hat prefers their Cockpit web app these days.
>>
>>108566028
Good explanation, thanks.
>>
If I have a dictionary file in slob or stardict format and want to extract all headwords with a given characteristic (e.g., all adjectives, or all obsolete words), how can I do it? I'm not very tech-savvy.
I have GoldenDict and can use its search function to return all the words as described, but the results are output in a popup window that doesn't allow me to select all words to copypaste them. I would have to select and copypaste them one by one, which is too time-consuming. How can I automate this task?
Or is there another way to do it?
>>
>>108566141
There's an xml option to pass raw qemu command line flags into the libvirt xml config but almost every possible qemu option you need is available in virt-manager
>>108566521
Cockpit has less features than virt-manager though and even though spice is supposed to be depreciated there's still no real proper replacement for it yet.
Pretty sure virt-manager is still getting maintained as well.
>>
Chromium gtk theme makes everything too white with no contrast, any way to improve it?
>>
>>108566937
You can't fix GTK. It's busted. I'm still vexed that you have to manually enable "Use the system titlebar" in Chromium. That should be on by default! Yes, I would like the titlebar to look like every other app on my system.
>>
>>108566949
Its not gtk, retard.
>>
>>108566953
GTK uses client side decorations by default. The Qt frontend doesn't do that.
>>
>>108566961
I like CSS. Actual gtk browser like Orion look cool.
>>
What is Arch's minimum x86_64 level? Can I run Arch on a Pentium 4 Prescott system?
>>
>>108567509
Yes, you can. Their binaries are all generic. As long as it's 64-bit it'll work. Only CachyOS has optimised binaries.
>>
>>108567551
Thanks bro, I don't plan to use it for anything heavy, just a server without DE.
>>
>>108566670
Nevermind, I found the solution (thanks to AI).
I converted the slob/stardict files to plain text with Pyglossary so they were easier to work with, then used command line tools (grep and perl) to filter the words with Obs. tag.
>>
Why the fuck is the Ubuntu LTS image file almost 6 GB? Does it have literally every package installed or what
>>
>>108567764
Snaps
>>
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>>108567579
>Arch
>server
Ha! Thought I was the only one who did that, picture relates. Used to run Arch on a VPS.
>>108567579
Heaviness is irrelevant.



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