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Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share experiences.

*** Please be civil, notice the "Friendly" in every Friendly GNU/Linux Thread ***

Before asking for help, please check our list of resources.

If you would like to try out GNU/Linux you can do one of the following:
0) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice in a Virtual Machine.
1) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice on bare metal and run your previous OS in a Virtual Machine.
2) Use a live image and to boot directly into the GNU/Linux distribution without installing anything.
3) Go balls deep and replace everything with GNU/Linux.

Resources: Please spend at least a minute to check a web search engine with your question.
Many free software projects have active mailing lists.

$ man %command%
$ info %command%
$ %command% -h/--help
$ help %builtin/keyword%

Don't know what to look for?
$ apropos %something%

Try a random distro:
https://distrosea.com
https://distro.moe

Check the Wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros):
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https://wiki.gentoo.org
https://wiki.debian.org

/g/'s Wiki on GNU/Linux:
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>What distro should I choose?
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Babbies_First_Linux
>What are some cool programs?
https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/list_of_applications
https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Main_Page
https://suckless.org/rocks/
>What are some cool terminal commands?
https://www.commandlinefu.com/commands/browse
https://cheat.sh/
>Where can I learn the command line?
https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide
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https://overthewire.org/wargames/bandit
https://tldp.org/LDP/Bash-Beginners-Guide/html/Bash-Beginners-Guide.html
>Where can I learn more about Free Software?
https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/philosophy.html
>How to break out of the botnet?
https://prism-break.org/en/categories/gnu-linux

GNU/Linux Games:
>>>/vg/lgg

Previous thread: >>109800898
>>
Any nice alternative to GNOME that’s simple and minimalist, with good AppImage or Flatpak integration, but without all the systemd stuff?
>>
>>109825884
no
>>
>>109825884
It's called XFCE
>>
>>109822297
>where to place them
yeah thats a good thing
>>
WHY TF IS MY PILE OF SHIT OLD LENOVO LAPTOP NOW ENTERING UEFI SETTINGS? I TAKES 30 MINUTES TO LOAD. I CLICKED DEL, F2, F1, ESC WHEN THE LENOVO SIGN SHOWS UP AND NOTHING. I ENTERED THE ADVANCED MODE FROM RECOVERY AND CLICKED UEFI SETTINGS AND IT STILL DOESN'T LOAD ME TO THE UEFI SETTINGS. I HAVE BIOS MODE: UEFI. WTFFF!!!
>>
>>109822297
>where to place them
https://docs.appimage.org/user-guide/faq.html#question-where-do-i-store-my-appimages
>>
>>109826270
also
https://docs.appimage.org/packaging-guide/optional/updates.html
>>
>>109826282
esp this part
https://docs.appimage.org/packaging-guide/optional/updates.html#making-appimages-self-updateable
>>
https://parallel-minds0.github.io/An-Open-Letter-on-Linux-Compatibility/
>>
>>109826302
>shits on fagpacks
based but not reading all that
>>
>>109826310
This is the only important part, the rest is just OS implementation details:

As a lot of you already know, backward compatibility has never really been the strong suit of Linux or the BSDs. Part of this is cultural: there's a mismatch in expectations around dependency and package management, and userspace developers don't always appreciate that “old” code is often still doing real work. People break it without realizing how much depends on it, and compatibility suffers as a result.

So here's the problem, stated plainly:

Dependency management and compatibility haven't been solved elegantly yet. There have been interesting attempts: Canonical's Snaps, Red Hat's Flatpaks, and Simon Peter's AppImage all come to mind, but it feels like app distribution and compatibility are actually two separate problems that keep getting bundled together. The attempts above end up overreaching outside their actual problem domain. App distribution shouldn't be on the hook for handling userspace components or compatibility with userspace, and it shouldn't be on the hook for security either. Those are genuinely separate concerns and should be treated as such.

The plan, then, is to rethink this from the ground up. Instead of meeting the fragmentation halfway, which is essentially what Flatpak does, the focus should be on building a stable, backwards-compatible userspace first, as the actual foundation everything else builds on. Package management or app distribution and security would be split off as two separate concerns, each handled by its own subsystem, rather than crammed into the same tool. Naturally, this raises immediate concerns, particularly regarding the risk of centralization. These concerns are addressed in the Implementation Detail section of this page.

Basically: bring the Windows NT compatibility promise to Linux.


Not sure where their supposed distro is, but it's an interesting read. it claims to use AppImage as its official package format
>>
File: standards_2x.png (51 KB, 1000x567)
51 KB PNG
>>109826302
This screams like "I asked an LLM about Linux fragmentation and this was what it told me".

Problems everywhere and there are solutions but this solution is bad for $REASONS. We need another standard.

Also, he keeps talking about Windows NT whilst not realising that Linux has the same level of compatibility. The Linux kernel does not break the syscall interface presented to user-space EVER. They don't do it period, not even if it would be convenient to do so and Linus gets exceptionally mad and irritated should anyone come along and break that.

Why then if Linux has such strong backwards compatibility is there this perceived fragmentation problem?
It's because of dynamic libraries and so names, API / ABI breakages, etc. To put simply, most of the Linux user-space has no intention of ever being a fixed / static target and maintaining compatibility is too hard. Even changing your C++ standard version will break all of the world and require you to re-compile everything.
It's a hard problem to solve and it's nothing to do with fragmentation and everything to do with low-level linker / loaders / libraries, etc, and how they actually work.

Pretty much the only fix to this perceived problem is Nix or Guix but they aren't perfect either.
>>
>>109826433
You sound like a typical bot yourself, jeez.
anyhow, it's not another standard *for its own sake* and it does address the problem properly.
>>
>>109825837
Fedora KDE...The definitive distro...
>>
>>109826465
He's basically proposing a layer of indirection as if that will fix everything.

There's no code though. Probably nothing will come of this.
>>
>>109826491
The layer is meant to free programs or DEs from depending on other subsytems. yes, it makes it depend on it self, and it makes the layer vulerable to attack my malicious actors (same deal with systemd) but the idea is to free the components from depending on each other, like how GNOME can't live without systemd. it's one extra abstraction for a very low cost but it free applications from depending on init systems for example.

Think of it like another addition to freedeskop such as with XDG Base Directory, it's a slight standardization cost with many benefits. beats the chaos of sytemd+GNOME at least.
>>
>>109826468
already had to make two selinux policies...
>>
>>109826532
There's no such thing as a zero cost abstraction. I'll believe it when I see it.

The only thing that could be good is abstracting service management, that's the one good idea they have.
>>
>>109826557
Not zero cost, minimal cost. but yeah.
>>
>>109826344
>Basically: bring the Windows NT compatibility promise to Linux.

What is Windows NT compatibility? Isn't this what Flatpaks are doing, they provide a runtime, just like Windows does.
>>
>>109826602
They probably mean the Winsxs mess:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Side-by-side_assembly
>>
>>109825884
there are no real alternatives to gnome and kde, only lesser options with many concessions.

>>109826602
flatpaks do a lot of extra stuff. it is not comparable to how windows programs work.
>>
>>109826602
Yes, but the Flatpak system is a mess, as agreed upon by a lot of people in the Linux community. it introduces too much complexity (and ironically) too much dependency issues just like with package managers.

This solution is trying to write a new Linux userspace (no glibc) that is backwards compatible by default, with an AppImage-like package system and a repo system as well for those packages. kinda like Android APKs, you can get them standalone or from the repo. such that the packages only need to contain their own needed libs like SDL2, no need to touch the userspace libs. just like with Windows applications. pretty neet if you ask me. but there is no distro yet.
>>
>>109826646
Android cheats by using a JVM. If you want everything to be a Java app then you could pretty much have compatibility until the end of time and never have to worry about it.

There is NDK too but there's no guarantee there that native libraries keep working across different versions of the OS.
>>
>>109826684
None of this needs a JVM or virtual machine layer. Windows applications achieve this by simply being self-contained without touching the system libs by trying to include them like with Flatpaks. The difference is that Windows has a stable and backwards compatible "userspace" by default unlike Linux with glibc and their cultural issue with breaking backwards compatibility.

Same idea here, but with starting with the Linux kernel.
>>
>>109826712
This is a common misconception. Glibc is backwards compatible but not forwards compatible.

Most of the time your issue won't be with Glibc is will be with all of the other system libraries that change all of the time and may break their API and ABI from time to time.
This is what leads developers into bundling loads of crap because you can't trust the system to have a stable contract.
>>
>>109825837
when I see this I instantly remember being 21 years old and using Debian on my shitty Asus Eee 900 while on trips away from home.
>>
>>109826739
Right, glibc was just a small example, the idea is writing a full compliant userspace from scratch, not just one component.
>>
>>109826754
It's been tried before with things like LSB:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_Standard_Base

It doesn't work. Because it's not practical to keep providing the exact same versions of everything all of the time.
>>
every distro I've ever used always promotes 'system updates' and every time I've let the package manager install them my system gets bricked
>>
>>109826815
user error
>>
>>109826761
This is a "marketing" problem, not a technical one. a good enough distro or OS with good standing or reputation can carry this promise forward.
>>
>>109826739
>>109826761
>Glibc is backwards compatible but not forwards compatible.
>it's not practical to keep providing the exact same versions of everything all of the time.
How did Android achieve backward/forward compatibility? Ignoring the fact they broke backwards compatibility with 32bit apps, you can install apps made for very old Android versions on the latest version of Android. Some random shit I have from Android 5.x-7.x days still works on Android 16.
>>
>>109826917
>How did Android achieve backward/forward compatibility?
I think everything runs in a container with mostly its own runtimes
>>
>>109826917
Android doesn't care about backward compatibility as much as Windows first of all. old apps break all the time.
MacOS, Linux and Android all make this mistake, it's mostly a cultural problem rather than a technical one.
The ideal target for the project is Windows NT levels of compatibility (well, almost anyways)
>>
>>109826815
Unironically sounds like a user error, and that's fine. Package manager usage is a light sysadmin skill. For the rest of the people we have immutable distros.
>>
>>109826544
SELinux be like: fix 1 problem, causes 10 more
>>
>>109826931
The mistake is calling it a mistake instead of just accepting that you may need to run a container of some description to run and old and abandoned application.

Instead of trying to solve some mythical fragmentation issue that doesn't exist people would be better off spending their time and resources contributing to apps to port them to newer APIs.
>>
>>109826979
Windows doesn't need a container. containers are over-complicated solutions. Windows did it if you need proof for anything without a containerized solution. custom libs belong with the parent program, and dynamically link with the system libs but don't directly include them if the userspace is stable and backwards and forwards compatible. that's all you need to do.

The final conclusions containerization is duplicating the entire base OS for each app, or duplicating it twice in the case of Flatpaks.
>>
>>109826967
i had to make one for the native version of half life because it directly asks for memory or something (used ai don't judge)
>>
>>109827004
>The final conclusion with containerization is*
>>
>>109826931
>old apps break all the time.
I have never experienced this in my life aside from 32bit support deprecation.
>>
>>109827010
gonna bet it was execmem.
SELinux doesn't like it when you execute from dynamically allocated memory (JIT and shit like that)
>>
>>109827004
Windows forces you to duplicate all of the libraries even if you don't need them. Just because some day you might need it. This is incredibly bloated when there is the simple solution of not being a lazy shit and porting your app to the latest library versions.
>>
>>109827090
Yes, but custom per program lib duplication is far better than entire baseOS duplication.
the cost is stability and backward compatibility with minimal duplication in comparison to Flatpak (or less complexity in the case of Flatpak) or Docker.

You get a healthy balance of a clean minimal system with very strong compatibility this way.
>>
>>109827089
it said something about executing from the heap directly
the game would still launch but would throw an error when closing
>>
>>109827121
The only reason the duplication is even an issue is because people don't update their apps. It completely goes away if you just get every app to update to the latest library / runtime versions. That's where time and money should be spent, not on Windows-like cowboy engineering.
>>
>>109827161
It's not even obvious that this is true based on the many crashes that happen with Arch systems. bleeding edge (not rolling release) is not a solution to this problem, it's just madness masquerading as a solution. No one wants to run the alpha test of an OS on production or even casual use, and you can't expect every program in existence to have their source code and method of compilation/interpretation available on demand all the time.
binary and API compatibility are a must, it's absurd to call it mere laziness to demand this.
>>
>>109827136
The idea is that you're executing from memory that can be written to. That's dangerous and devastating, because it could be exploited. Since SELinux is trying to be the police (it is a security feature after all), it's very strict about not allowing execmem unless explicitly allowed.
>>
>>109827197
Windows is a rolling release these days too. You can solve the stability problem with snapshots and easy rollbacks like Windows does too (System restore points) but really the problem people should be asking is:
>Why are rolling releases [like Arch] unstable?
It all comes down to testing and QA at the end of the day. There isn't a lot of that going on in most cases because that requires a lot of resources to commit to and in most cases things are fine and nothing explodes anyway.

If you can fix that problem (and I do believe it can be fixed with enough time and money thrown at it) then there is no reason why developers shouldn't be expected to update their apps. The reason they don't do that is either because they're lazy as fuck and can't be bothered (that's not a valid excuse) or because they actually tested updating it and things broke (this is the real problem that contributes to fragmentation. If we have a rolling system that doesn't break and developers update their dependencies and nothing breaks then there is no more perceived fragmentation issue to speak of)
>>
>>109827276
It's more because it's impossible to expect tens of millions of software developers around the world to keep up with the system new library demands every weekend. and its worse when you expect this from normal end users as well.

you keep saying laziness, it's more that the traditional Bell Labs UNIX style dependency or the other modern containerization method doesn't scale well with the real world with billions of people with varying degrees of computer literacy.
UNIX dependency style package management can't scale with the real world, Flatpak and Docker are over-complicated systems.

Windows style packaging (not distribution) is the perfect middle ground that provably scales with the real world. We just need to marry it with repo style distribution and the standalone AppImage methods as a dual distribution method.

it's not laziness, it's scale and complexity.
>>
>>109827325
If you can't update your app at least once every six months (that's the life cycle of Fedora, for example) then you probably don't deserve to even be a software developer.

With LLMs it's gotten a lot easier to port dependencies too.
The real world is messy but that doesn't mean we shouldn't demand better. The solution for laziness is already there (containers). Systems like Flatpak are more focused on app distribution than solving fragmentation because that's the bigger issue. Fragmentation can only be solved by app developers not being lazy at the end of the day.
>>
>>109827382
That's not how the real world works. developers die or get busy with other matters of life and leave behind important software that many depend on.
Again, the problem is that your method doesn't scale. it's not inherently wrong, it just doesn't work with real world personal computing demands. The server and enterprise story is a bit different, but even then it suffers a little bit from this.
>>
>>109827400
>That's not how the real world works. developers die or get busy with other matters of life and leave behind important software that many depend on.
You mean software becomes abandoned and unmaintained?

That's literally the problem containers were built to solve and it does it way better than the Windows Compatibility layer ever could (for all that bloat they have it's not always perfect compatibility anyway, especially compared to a container that runs a fixed/static environment)
>>
>>109827419
Except that Windows style compatibility is literally less bloated than either Flatpak or Docker? You could argue the security angle, but even then security is a problem with operating systems or software in general which can be solved by sandboxing the permission portals of the app.
>>
>>109827433
But it comes at the cost of compatibility. The Windows Compatibility layer is not perfect at all. If you want to run ancient and unmaintained software because the dev got hit by a bus or has given up on it then doing so from a completely fixed environment that's independent from your host OS is literally the best way to do so.

Here we see the real problem, it's not fragmentation at all, it's being able to run abandonware.
>>
>>109827449
What you call abandonware is vital software to hundreds of millions of people if not billions. Only a minority of tech informed people value perfect dependency solutions at the cost of no little backward compatibility.
again, it's fine if that's what you want and you clearly know what you personally need. but that's not what many other people (knowingly or not) need or want, the project aims to help make Linux useful for those people.

A quote from the article directly:
"As a lot of you already know, backward compatibility has never really been the strong suit of Linux or the BSDs. Part of this is cultural: there's a mismatch in expectations around dependency and package management,
>and userspace developers don't always appreciate that “old” code is often still doing real work. People break it without realizing how much depends on it, and compatibility suffers as a result."
>>
>>109827475
Most people don't use abandonware and of those that do it's likely done very carefully in a controlled manner (I.e, in exactly the sort of situations where you care about a fixed/static/well known environment that likely shouldn't ever change ever, the sort of situation a chroot or container is perfect for)
>>
>>109827513
Because abandonware is relative, I said what you personally call abandonware is still much needed software, let alone actual abandonware such as: https://www.myabandonware.com/ and https://archive.org/details/software

To you a 6 month old package is abandonware, to a Windows, or hell a Mac user (most people) that's an app that should last them years at minimum.
>>
>>109826544
>>109826967
>>109827010
Yep I also had to make a policy to get the music in Half-Life 2 to work. And to this day I don't know how to make QEMU work on Fedora without SELinux going ballistic. SELinux otherwise hasn't molested me but it was still annoying.
>>
>>109827161
There is no inherent benefit in updating anything ever if things just work.
>inb4 security
Most people don't care about security.

>>109827276
>Windows is a rolling release these days too.
>these days
It always was rolling release. Windows OS updates are on a similar release cycle to Fedora or non-LTS Ubuntu, while user apps (including drivers) are rolling release like Arch packages. People who want LTS use Windows LTSC, which turns out to be very few tech enthusiast people (businesses not included).
The reason people think old Windows wasn't on a fast release schedule is simply because system updates weren't automatic until Windows 10. Most people running XP, Vista, 7 or 8/8.1 never even applied a single system update.

>>109827382
>If you can't update your app at least once every six months (that's the life cycle of Fedora, for example) then you probably don't deserve to even be a software developer.
This argument completely falls apart in a ton of software categories, including stuff like video games. Most software is simply sold or made as a finished product with a limited support lifespan, without there ever being an aim to turn it into a perpetually updated magnum opus.

>>109827449
>Here we see the real problem, it's not fragmentation at all, it's being able to run abandonware.
True, running abandonware is crucial to most people. And containers and VMs are quite literally the best solution to this. The solution highlighted here >>109826302 would probably end up being imperfect, and not retroactively applicable to currently existing software.

>>109827513
>Most people don't use abandonware
A lot of businesses depend on shit that is no longer even being sold, that they used since WinXP era and are still using it on Win10/Win11. A lot of gamers play games that were compiled over a decade ago (apparently most play 6+ yo games)
Yes, most people don't mostly run abandonware, but a significant chunk of people run at least one irreplaceable abandoned app.
>>
>>109827536
I guess I just don't see the use-case for why you would want to run ancient abandonware on top of a modern system instead of putting it off to the side in its own silo that provides perfect compatibility whilst ensuring it can't fuck with anything else at the same time.

Maybe there is some cowboy builder that can help explain why the latter is bad and more bloated but from a security and compatibility point of view it seems obvious which approach is better here.
>>
>>109825837
Got a new laptop today and decided to go with OpenSUSE after daily driving Fedora on my main desktop for years. What am I in for? Is this distro any good?
>>
>>109827565
Honestly man, your timeline for what constitutes "abandonware" is too short. For most people, I would guess it's a decade+ on average.
>>
>>109827563
>True, running abandonware is crucial to most people. And containers and VMs are quite literally the best solution to this. The solution highlighted here >>109826302 (You) would probably end up being imperfect, and not retroactively applicable to currently existing software.

Let emulators be a last resort, it's better to just have an OS with sane backward compatibility defaults.
>>
>>109827577
I get what you're saying but when you operate on a timeline of decades (I don't doubt that what >>109827563 says about XP software usage is true) then that's when you run into problems with modern compatibility layers that can only really be solved by virtual machines or containers.

I had a case recently where I had to clean up the mess for somebody's laptop because the old kernel driver the software they were using was causing crashes and blue screens and no amount of compatibility layer magic is ever going to fix that.

At some point if you want to run old/unmaintained software then running it on the system it was actually designed for is the best approach (even if that's in a VM or container for convenience)
>>
>>109827571
>What am I in for
Missing codecs
>>
>>109825837
I like Zorin OS a LOT.
>>
>>109827611
>uses shitux
>what am I in for?
>missing drivers
>missing apps
>missing codecs
a /g/ classic, a story as old as time
>>
>>109827768
Why? It's just jewish ubuntu
>>
>>109827571
>>109827611
Packman is being retired in December which makes OpenSUSE pointless for desktops.
>>
when will people finally realize they shouldn't pick esoteric distros if it's their first time using linux?
hell you shouldn't use esoteric crap at all over 99% of the time
>>
>>109827887
Which distros do you find esoteric and non-esoteric?
>>
>>109827887
>>109827902
Linux is esoteric
>>
>Wanting more people to move away from Windows and use Linux
>New people start using a Linux distro they like
>"NO NOT LIKE THAT YOU COLOSSAL FAGGOT, FUCK YOU AND YOUR FAMILY"
/fglt/ in a nutshell.
>>
>>109827902
anything that isn't mainstream or is some quirky derivative of a mainstream distro is pointless if you're a newbie or not on the spectrum
>>
>>109827922
They have a point though, you don't want to use a distro maintained by 5 people.
>>
>>109827941
if its debian based then you got at least 2 years before the lack of maintainers might matter
>>
>>109825837
question about mpv:
say I have a m3u file with a list of internet radio stations. how do I move to the previous item in the list? I already discovered that hitting enter goes to the next one... but won't go back to the first item
if this isn't possible: what music player do you guys recommend? ideally for CLI or for KDE (a simple one)
>>
>>109828310
nvm, I'm dumb. the manual clearly says
       < and >
Go backward/forward in the playlist.

ENTER Go forward in the playlist.
>>
>>109824379
I have 64GB of RAM and a 32-thread CPU and I'm using Gentoo, it needs a tiny amount of swap or compilations will crash.
I moved from zram to 1GB of physical swap + zswap, I guess I could do with something like a 10MB of physical swap, idk. The setup is way tidier compared to zram if that's relevant to anyone, but just saying.
>>109827784
>>109827611
>codecs being an issue
Blast from the past. When was the last time you had to play RealMedia or some weird Apple or Nokia format?
>>109827563
>A lot of businesses depend on shit that is no longer even being sold
Sure, the vehicle emissions tester at work uses embedded Windows XP but it's absolutely irrelevant for my shitposting hobby at home.
>>
>>109828643
>When was the last time you had to play RealMedia or some weird Apple or Nokia format?
the main issue is that when people swap from windows to linux their speakers are often quieter and the sound quality is lower
>>
>>109827768
Same here. It works well for a new user from Windows.
Eventually I'll change distros, but I'm loving how easy it is. Yeah I know it's using an older build, but that's really not an issue for me.
>>
File: 1322810409855.png (304 KB, 1173x1500)
304 KB PNG
>>109827922
>"hey guys, I want to try linux how to do X?"
>"Here's a detailed and succint page explaining how to do X"
>"NO! I'M NOT READING THAT BECAUSE uhh because I won't okay?"
>"Fine, here's how you do X"
>"UGH that's too hard! Why isn't it like windoze??"
>"Sorry anon, but this isn't Windows. Maybe it'd be better if you stayed on Windows while you learn Linux in a spare compu--"
>"FUCK YOU NERDS THIS IS WHY I HATE YOU ELITISTS, STOP GATEKEEPING"
>"I'm just trying to-"
>"WHY ARE YOU SO FUCKING TOXIC?? I'M GOING BACK TO WINDOWS"
>>
>>109828815
Immense cope lol
>>
>>109829110
Cope about the fact you're tech illiterate and should stick to using a phone like all the other normies? Yes.
>>
>>109829144
Such a seethe and cope lmao, you're so angry over a free operating system, tranny lol
>>
File: devuan-6.0.0.png (143 KB, 2560x1600)
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>try to install devuan minimal install on bare metal
>same installer as debian and they say all isos include the non-free firmwares
>get to networking and select the wifi
>it does not detect the iwlwifi firmware despite it being on the iso
>try it on another thinkpad model
>same issue

Well that sucked. I was so upset at this point I gave up. Debian 13 detected the wifi no issue on these thinkpads. Anyone had any luck with Devuan on bare metal?
>>
>>109829354
Oh and I tried normal and expert installer. Apparently they don't load non-free on expert mode (Debian does). Either way nothing worked.
>>
>>109828815
>"NO! I'M NOT READING THAT BECAUSE uhh because I won't okay?"
This is the correct mindset. If the software doesn't simply work, then it is bad software.
>>
this will be my Linux PC for the next 4 years or so
>>
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>>109825837
>Debian
Absolutely based
>>
>>109830262
ok linus
>>
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>>>/diy/3008450
Is there a command to remove the username and machine name from your neofetch output? I couldn't find one and didn't feel like editing mine in GIMP.
>update to a T480/T580, they cost as much as a T430 and are worlds faster
I bought my T430 for $49 in a parking lot back in 2022 and it came with free stickers. What are T480/T580 prices like today?
>>
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have to install easyeffects as a flatpak, the one from package manager was giving issues
>>
>>109829354
Same thing happened to me, I think I had to ctrl+m from the ventoy menu before booting to it to fix that issue
>>
Bought a used superlux e205 microphone, and it makes this buzzing noise: https://voca.ro/1jXjd88O2yWh
I also plugged it into my laptop, with nothing else attached, so it can't be electrical interference. Is this due to drivers, or is it broken?
>>
>>109830842
I only had Devuan on the flash drive. I guess I could have just connected it to ethernet but that shouldn't have been necessary for a distro that ships the same non-free-firmware as Debian. The other thing would have been to use the offline installer and hopefully the wi-fi would just work once installed.

They clearly haven't tested it enough because Debian just works with the wi-fi during the netinstall.
>>
>>109830495
USER=anon HOSTNAME=whatever neofetch

Sort of related: if you want a program to output in english while your system speaks ooga booga:
LANG=C some_command
>>
Why does Xubuntu minimal take up 4GB space when Debian 13 only takes up like 2GB with Xfce. What is all this extra firmwares doing on my system?
>>
>>109831266
Xubuntu comes with Snaps
>>
>>109831361
Oh yeah it all is so well engrained into it now. I never use them or flatpaks on Debian.
>>
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>>109831266
Yes, having all the world's firmware blobs takes some space. Are they an actual dependency to "xubuntu-desktop" or what? Kinda retarded if yes.
>>109827941
This.
>>
Which one is the most boomer friendly then? They just want to browse youtube, maybe read some ebook or pdf they found online. And pirate audiobooks/music/books? No gayming whatsoever.
>>
>>109831755
Linux Mint
>>
>>109831708
Ubuntu is designed so you can just plug anything in and it just werks.

That sometimes means there's extra bloat for firmware or printers or whatever else that you'd have to install manually on other distros if you didn't have an Ubuntu taking the guesswork out of it by doing it for you.
>>
>>109831769
>maintained by 5 people
lole
>>
>>109831793
>maintained
lole
>>
>>109831798
hey man, theyre working their asses off trying to make wayland work
>>
>>109829354
>Anyone had any luck with Devuan on bare metal?
I run it on my desktop and a laptop.
>>
>>109831784
Yeah well, "linux-firmware" being installed out of the box is one thing and having it as a hard dependency is another.
>>109831755
Any distribution assumed you set it up for them.
>>109831793
Dude it's Ubuntu, there's lots of maintaining going on.
>>
>>109831837
It's easier to install all the firmware than to just install only what you need because hardware needs evolve and change over time. They rarely stay static unless you're building a custom appliance in which case you probably shouldn't be running stock Ubuntu desktop and actually customise it to your needs a bit.

It's probably not a hard dependency though. Probably pulled in by some meta-package or as an optional/recommended dependency that pulls it.
>>
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What is the difference between Ubuntu based Linux mint and debian mint? What is the best option for a windows baby?
>>
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>>109831879
>optional/recommended dependency
Right, forgot those existed.
>>109832066
The regular Mint uses Ubuntu's repositories and "Debian edition" uses Debian's repositories for all your basic system stuff. Then there's obviously Mint's own repository on top of those providing a handful of packages such as Mint's green theme. (yes, Mint is a "frankenstein distro")
>>
>>109832066
Ubuntu has newer packages than Debian depending on what version of Debian/Ubuntu it's using and at what time of the year the release was cut.

Beyond that there's not much difference.
>>
>>109832101
>>109832104
So, why do people recommend Mint to new Linux users instead of Ubuntu or debian?
>>
>>109832173
Have no idea. I assume it comes with a "Windows-like" desktop or whatever.
(how's KDE Plasma not Windows-like?)
>>
>>109832173
never seen so many errors with snaps and updates than on ubuntu
debian is not very friendly (installer/ setup/ configuration)
mint is focused on fixing ubuntu issues (snaps, desktop, anything new they might add)
that is about it
>>
>>109831242
Cool, thanks. Where is that documented? I didn't see anything in
man neofetch
.
>>
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>>109832264
>Where is that documented?
Good question lmao.
I think it's about Linux and its environment variables in general, the same thing affects any program you launch with altered variables. It's not like neofetch is the only program out there to make use of USER and HOSTNAME variables.
>>
>>109832173
The people who recommend Mint over Ubuntu are those who absolutely fucking hate snaps and want Canonical to die.
I distro-hopped and DE-hopped a lot when I was a new user and Mint vs Ubuntu was mainly a decision of which default desktop environment I want and which default theme I want. The distros were identical besides that. Cinnamon has fallen very far behind Gnome and Plasma these days so anyone still unironically recommending Mint is absolutely retarded.
As a new user in the current year, the choice between the two should always be Ubuntu.
>>
>>109832743
Ubuntu is moving GPL components out of their userspace for MIT so they can bring more of the OS proprietary. This is far worse than RedHat. Anyone with any sense wants Canonical to die.
>>
>>109832902
>licensing bullshit
I don't give a shit. In fact, I prefer MIT over GPL since GPL is basically a proprietary license.
>>
I only use distros that are maintained by two or three people or less. I don't trust larger teams.
>>
>>109832919
Then you should go back to Windows if you don't care about shit becoming increasingly proprietary.
>>
>>109832944
MIT is not a proprietary license, retard.
>>
>>109832173
I guess people recommend Mint because it's pretty easy to use. You get Ubuntu's packages (lots of packages) but the Snap system has been taken out (Snaps are an alternative kind of package, and some people don't like them) and the desktop for Mint is Cinnamon, which is familiar to Windows users

Mint was the first distro I installed on my own computer. These days I would prefer to use either Debian or Ubuntu and then just customise them after installation, but if you want something that you can just install without having to customise it, I can see the appeal of Mint
>>
The menubar and controls disappeared from VLC. The only way to get them back is to switch to fullscreen and back. I deleted all of VLC's config but it still didn't help. I tried MPV but it doesn't have a menubar either and extremely minimal controls. I am using KDE Plasma.
>>
is debian "tinker once run forever" type of distro? what are some essential things to do?
t. coming from iot ltsc, amd gpu + cpu. i installed mint once but didn't like it
>>
>>109827571
everything except codecs just werks
use flatpaks for programs that need codecs (browser, media player) and you're good
>>
>tfw when apt list --upgradable, --upgradeable and -u do the same thing

I can't find anywhere on the man pages that -u is the quickest option to use. Why does the man page page say "--upgradeable" but after running apt update, it says "--upgradable" if any packages need updating. I've always hated typing the full thing out.
>>
>>109833001
It is however a cuck license frequently used by trans persons.
>>
>>109833612
That all depends on the desktop environment and how you installed it (full desktop task or just core desktop). I remove bloat like os-prober and debian-faq. There's really not much to do because it should generally be stable and predictable out of the box.
>>
>>109833698
I've used an alias for
apt update && apt list --upgradable
for a long time.
>>
>>109833878
I do that too but out of habit I'm typing the full commands a lot.
>>
>>109833874
i want to install kde edition. are things like codecs, gpu drivers, update manager and so on installed by default?
>>
So I've got a hue bulb behind my non-phillips TV to get a ghetto ambilight-like setup.
This app is supposed to dynamically control the bulb, but I can't get it to work and I have a suspicion that the problem is flatpak permissions.
The "reading mode" which lets you set a static colour for the bulbs works fine, so I know it's connected to the bridge over the network, but it can't seem to capture the screen or any window.
>>
>>109834035
I don't know how KDE handles updates but it will have plasma-discover usually installed. I've not had to install codecs myself for videos and mp3 in years. Only open source drivers will be used for the gpu. You must find non free ones in non-free or externally if performance isn't great.
>>
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>Have COSMIC and KDE installed
>Cosmic randomly breaks, KDE works fine
>KDE randomly breaks, COSMIC works fine
You can't make this shit up, how this is even possible
I didn't update the system nor change any setting
>>
>>109834512
>use one de
>it never breaks
sucks to suck
>>
>>109834512
>use a new DE and a DE known for being buggy, surprised they are buggy
How could this happen?

Jokes aside Plasma 6.7.5 has been very stable for me, zero issues, maybe you're on an older version of KDE.
>>
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can a void linux maintainer update the linux package and the mesa package I don't wanna do it myself they take forever to build, that shit doesn't have bugs figure it out
>>
>>109835664
>they take forever to build
You're supposed to edit the Meson build targets to stop building absolutely every driver Mesa supports and only build the ones for your hardware.
>>
>>109833798
JewPL violations occur all the time anon
>>
new to linux, i was told nixos was some kind of weirdo distro with a bunch of crazy features but now ive found out about aerynos and it has the exact same ui and shit
sup with that?
>>
>>109836091
many distros use the same desktop window manager, either kde or gnome.
>>
>>109832066
Ubuntu-Mint has a few things that aren't present in Debian-Mint, like PPAs (additional repositories, basically), a GUI for Driver and Kernel Managers, and I think a few other things inherited from Ubuntu (minus Snaps, those are disabled)
Otherwise they're basically identical and the main difference is the packages used and which one is currently more up-to-date (they alternate each year, right now LMDE is more up-to-date, then later this year it'll be Ubuntu-Mint, then it'll be LMDE again)
If you need Nvidia drivers then regular Mint might be the better option for a complete newbie since otherwise you'll have to install them manually via the terminal and it can cause issues for some
LMDE is also treated more as their experimental "emergency" option rather than the main distro in case Ubuntu does something so retarded that it's impossible to unfuck
>>
>>109825837
Is Arch still fucked from the AUR malware attack or is it safe to go back yet?
>>
>>109836341
They cleaned that mess up pretty quickly once the affected packages were discovered and it was established that orphaned packages specifically were being affected by it (now they have restrictions on who can adopt an orphaned package and approval is required to do so)
>>
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>youtuber installs gentoo
>on a 5th gen intel laptop
Everytime
>>
>>109836368
What's the problem? It's too slow to compile and the YouTuber complains about compile times?
>>109836341
AUR was always risky.
>>109836091
The concept of handling the system is weird, it's not like you didn't get the same desktops and stuff. Basically all distributions out there are so called binary distributions and on top of them are Gentoo and NixOS.
t. using Gentoo but never really figured NixOS out
>>
>>109836469
>It's too slow to compile and the YouTuber complains about compile times?
Their fault for not using the binary packages if that's the case. You can be up and running with Gentoo pretty quickly these days and it's okay to show the binary packages in a video. It's not as if you can't do an
emerge --usepkg-exclude="*" -e @system
followed by
emerge --usepkg-exclude="*" -e @world
after the fact once you get to the desktop if you really want to compile the whole world yourself for the video.
>>
>>109836491
Considering some desktop setup: how many binary packages are there? I know there's Firefox, Libre Office and Rust that can reduce the overall compilations considerably. Anything else?
>>
>>109836536
They have a whole binary package repo that contains a lot more than that:
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Gentoo_Binary_Host_Quickstart
>>
I'm on Debian 13 and Dolphin is kind of annoying me. When I click "Sort By > Modified", it sorts by oldest first instead of newest. Fedora KDE meanwhile sorts by newest first. Is there any way to change this?
>>
>>109836666
First off I recommend you modify your tool bar for your own usage. but
You can try:

Burger Menu [3 dots] > More > View > Adjust View Display Style
Set it to ascending/descending for each sort mode and apply for each individually. Plasma 6 is kinda in an odd spot with settings of stuff. They've removed stuff from program menus like they we're gonna add them to a system global menu then promptly forgot about it.
>>
>>109833612
it is "tinker once run for the next 5 years", but only assuming you're fine with exclusively using flatpaks and appimages and you're fine with not having the latest drivers. otherwise it becomes a "tinker once a year" distro.

linux is not like windows. windows user apps and drivers are rolling release even if you use ltsc. in linux the drivers are delivered to you by the distro and so are the apps unless you use flatpaks, snaps, appimages, etc. so if you limit yourself only to debian repos, all your software is fully frozen until you upgrade to the next debian release in 2-5 years.

>>109834035
>are things like codecs, gpu drivers, update manager and so on installed by default?
I don't know if debian comes with proprietary codecs these days, but adding them is not difficult.
>>
>>109837110
>but only assuming you're fine with exclusively using flatpaks
I don't use Flatpaks. I'm totally fine with the frozen apps



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