If every event in the universe is causally determined by God's nature, in what sense can human beings be considered "free"? How does Spinoza redefine freedom to be compatible with determinism?
I don't know, we should read his books to check it out
>>24692009Next time read you fucking retard
He can't, that's why he horrified so many people
>>24692260Post a picture of one of Spinoza's books in your hands with a timestamp, AI jeet, we know you don't read.
>>24691998He's not so much trying to "redefine freedom" as he's trying to get you to understand that you're wrong about what freedom means. The traditional notion of free will is an illusion born from ignorance, yes, but Spinoza is drawing a crucial distinction in causation between ACTIVE and PASSIVE. When our actions flow from our own nature, our own understanding, our own character, rational reflection, we're free, even though we're still causally determined. When we're pushed around by external forces we don't understand (emotions, social pressures, whatever) we're enslaved. Freedom isn't a magical exemption from causation, it's a certain pattern/kind of causation (the causal chain runs through your understanding instead of around it)
>>24691998Dumbass jeet thread. Try reading books instead of posting chatgpt replies.
>>24692346are you free or causally determined
>>24693218Yes
>>24691998test
