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Lymphatic filariasis is a human disease caused by parasitic worms known as filarial worms. Usually acquired in childhood, it is a leading cause of permanent disability worldwide, impacting over a hundred million people and manifesting itself in a variety of severe clinical pathologies. While most cases have no symptoms, some people develop a syndrome called elephantiasis, which is marked by severe swelling in the arms, legs, breasts, or genitals. The skin may become thicker as well, and the condition may become painful. Affected people are often unable to work and are often shunned or rejected by others because of their disfigurement and disability.Prevention can be achieved by treating entire groups affected by the disease, known as mass deworming. This is done every year for about six years, to rid a population of the disease entirely. Medications usually include a combination of two or more anthelmintic agents: albendazole, ivermectin, and diethylcarbamazine. Efforts to prevent mosquito bites are also recommended, including reducing the number of mosquitoes and promoting the use of bed nets.Most people infected with the worms that cause lymphatic filariasis never develop symptoms; A subset of those affected have continued damage to their lymph vessels. Dysfunctional vessels fail to recirculate lymph fluid, which can pool in the nearest extremity – generally the arm, leg, breast, or scrotum. Loss of lymph function (which transports immune cells) results in various repeated infections in the area. Repeated cycles of infection, inflammation, and lymph vessel damage over several years cause the affected extremity to swell to an extremely large size. The surrounding skin thickens, becoming dry, discolored, and dotted with wartlike lumps that contain tortuous loops of lymph vessels.Even those without lymph damage can sometimes develop an allergic reaction to the worm larvae in the capillaries of the lung.
Who are you asking ? Yourself?
