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File: inside-the-linux-kernel.png (937 KB, 1772x1786)
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Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share their experiences.

*** Please be civil, notice the "Friendly" in every Friendly GNU/Linux Thread ***

Check the Wikis (most troubleshoots work for all distros):
https://wiki.debian.org
https://wiki.alpinelinux.org
https://wiki.archlinux.org
https://wiki.gentoo.org

>Which distro should I choose?
https://www.gnu.org/distros/free-distros.html
https://nosystemd.org
>What are some cool programs?
https://suckless.org
>What are some cool terminal commands?
https://www.commandlinefu.com
>Where can I learn the command line?
https://mywiki.wooledge.org/BashGuide
>Where can I learn more about Free Software?
https://www.fsf.org
>How to break out of the botnet?
https://www.eff.org
https://www.privacytools.io
https://www.privacyguides.org
https://prism-break.org/en
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-source_hardware

>Linux subreddits
https://www.reddit.com/r/linux
https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxquestions
https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxmemes
https://www.reddit.com/r/suckless
https://www.reddit.com/r/insert_distro_name

GNU/Linux Games: >>>/vg/lgg
Previous thread: >>107864753
>>
>>107880629
I do suspend it regularly, believe me. I even have a keyboard binding to lock the screen. But when I'm at the dorm, for example, when I finish my stuff for the day I turn it off. Then, an hour or 2 later, someone from my class texts me about some new assignment the professors put up.
Would it be better then, to just keep it in suspend all the time?

>>107880652
Ah, I see. No proprietary firmware. Maybe I could mess around with it on an older machine because I'm not too sure that this one could take it. I got it used and it came with some messed up firmware, you had to reboot it like 3 times just to reach the normal startup screen in Windows. When I put Linux on it, those issues mostly disappeared, but it would randomly crash from time to time. I couldn't figure out why until a firmware update for the AMD processor and integrated graphics came out and it fixed everything.

I think something with the firmware is still fucky because for some reason, the i3 status can't read the correct CPU temperature, even after multiple attempts at finding the correct path for it to read from.
>>
What's the mobile game situation look like on Linux? On Windows I can run an emulator no problem, but I'm guessing that's trickier with Linux.
>>
>>107881203
Many game console emulators natively support Linux just like they natively support Windows
>>
installed cachyos with no desktop environment and then set up niri via the fucking bootloader terminal or whatever it is. absolute nightmare for a retard who's been using linux for less than a week but i managed it. it's really incredible how modular your linux build can get, though i think for my first actual choice i'll just go with cachy kde (despite it being kind of ugly). will probably by a 3rd ssd to use as a 'fuck around with random distros' option, because i know once i spent a week properly configuring niri i'd come to love using it.
>>
>>107881317
Unfortunately I'm talking mobile, like iOS/Android. I saw Waydroid supposedly doesn't support Nvidia hardware so I wasn't sure if I was SOL for that or what.
>>
>>107881336
Ah right. I tried Waydroid once but couldn't get it to work. So yeah I don't know what your solution would be.
>>
>>107881373
Yeah, I'm not too worked up about it since I figured there'd be a few things I need to keep a Windows partition around for anyway, or just use another device, but when I already have it set up in Windows I may as well keep using it.
>>
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>>107881134
I'm thinking of switching from Manjaro to Fedora. It's not that I have any severe problems at the moment, but I'm kind of interested in moving towards something more stable and trying something new. I hated fedora at one point, but I've grown tired with how in arch based systems, things don't always "just werk" and even if it isn't like it is hard to fix, I guess i'm interested in what the grass looks like on the otherside with flatpaks and just the fedora OS.

Any thoughts?
>>
>>107881509
Does Manjaro break often then? I haven't used it but I've been curious about it. I've mainly used Debian based distros
>>
>>107881134
needs to include crabs
and what ever bullshit systemd is doing
drunk Linus tied up in the basement
>>
How well do Nouveau drivers work compared to Nvidias proprietary drivers?
With Nvidia dropping support for my GPU I have been scared of updating my system. Should I use Nouveau drivers instead? I'm worried it'll break my system or at the very least kill performance in my games.
>>
>>107881551
Nope, I've never had an issue with it. The only reason I started using it was because it included a proprietary wifi driver i used to need, just kinda stuck with it since. Used to have an openRC flavor that got discontinued that was a bummer. I've had pretty good luck with it, but I'm honestly tired of Arch and AUR shenanigans which seems kinda silly
>>
>>107881656
It's shit. Basically unusable outside a few really old cards.
>With Nvidia dropping support for my GPU I have been scared of updating my system
skill issue
>>
>>107880550
>Arch Linux with systemd
systemd in theory is supposed to be faster than sysVinit and OpenRC because it has parallel service startup, however somehow it manages to be slower on both boot and shutdown times due to using start jobs and stop jobs which can sometimes hang. Also it could simply be due to the large number of services that systemd has to initialize compared with sysvinit or openrc.

Historically, sysVinit did not start services in parallel but serially using runlevels which made sysVinit really really slow, however with startpar, sysVinit now has parallel startup and can be just as fast if not faster than systemd.
As for OpenRC, it has parallel startups but it's disabled by default because it's unstable, you can enable it if you want to by editing /etc/rc.conf.

s6, runit and other daemontools based init systems are the fastest types of init systems, s6 is also well designed and 66 takes s6 and turns it into a user friendly service manager. It's a shame that 66 doesn't get more recognition because it is truly superior to everything else.

If you're confused about all of this then this might help, this is the creator of s6 explaining init systems:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gZqIEstv5lM
>>
>>107881704
>skill issue
not helpful
>>
>>107881656
Nouveau driver is 100% free as in freedom but it's no match in performance for the proprietary one, see for yourself:
https://www.phoronix.com/review/nvidia-nouveau-2019/2
>>
>>107881781
Fuck. So basically my system is kill
>>
>>107881509
Manjaro was my first distro and I hated it, if you're not afraid of old software then go with Debian. Debian+Flatpaks has 99% of the software you could want, it was what cured my distrohopping for 5 years straight until I hopped to Gentoo recently...
>>
>>107881736
Interesting. I've seen a video of a developer conference of some kind a couple of months ago and the guy in the video was talking about systemd. He said that it was a good solution to a problem that modern systems were facing at the time, but that many criticize the execution. What I've gathered from reading online discussions is that systemd encompasses too many things, much more than it needs to and that's why people don't like it. Some have also said that it's a big attack surface for malicious actors to target, especially because it's so widely used. Honestly, that concerns me a bit.
Here's the video in question.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o_AIw9bGogo

I will make sure to watch the video you provided me.

>s6 is the fastest type, well designed
Very, very interesting. Now I'm interested in learning more about it, perhaps even trying it. Does Arch support this in any way, or will I need to wait to get another machine and try it with Gentoo or something that allows for even more customization?
>>
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I have to say that Q4OS SUCKS. Manjaro KDE runs perfectly fine on my old laptop, but I was curious if Trinity could optimise things even more, so I installed Q4OS: the results are a profound HELL NO.

Everything is laggy as fuck:
>applications take forever to launch
>even the operating itself takes forever to boot
>constant screen tearing and framerate drops during mundane tasks (didn't happen on Manjaro even with X11)
>CPU usage is higher than on Plasma 6
>battery life is worse than on Plasma 6
What the hell is going on? Manjaro KDE runs buttery smooth on this exact machine yet Q4OS Trinity runs like garbage. The nail in the coffin is that the red area I've highlighted in this screenshot isn't even clickable, and I don't want to have to be this precise just to click on an application (especially since Start+Number doesn't do anything on Trinity).
>>
niri is so autistic and gay but i kind of love just having fullscreen windows push everything sideways along a carousel. not sure how nightmarish file management would be with this though
>>
Is there a way to use a VPN on specific apps besides using docker? I'm currently using Mullvad.
>>
>>107881736
>>107881929
Just checked the Arch wiki and I see something that looks promising.

>anopa — Init system built around the s6 supervision suite.
It's on the AUR, but it was last updated in 2017. I don't know what to think about that.

In any case, I hope the Arch dev team will find a way to keep this distribution free from corporate meddling. This large donation they received recently concerns me a bit.
>>
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>>107881929
>What I've gathered from reading online discussions is that systemd encompasses too many things, much more than it needs to and that's why people don't like it.
Yes, exactly. I wouldn't hate systemd if the core functionality (service management and supervision) was separated from other functionalities (logind, udev, dbus, networking, timers, etc...) but it is quite the opposite, systemd always tries to do more instead of less, GNOME having a dependency on systemd is just one example of such a problem.

>Very, very interesting. Now I'm interested in learning more about it
Indeed, I myself became interested in s6 recently too, I still don't understand everything but this is where you can find official documentation on s6:
https://skarnet.org/software/s6/
But the site seems to be down right now, at least for me.

>Does Arch support this in any way
Arch only supports systemd, but there are non-systemd distros based on arch like Artix which offer many choices of init systems, including s6. But if you really want the best s6 experience then use Obarun, it uses 66 which is a service manager based on s6, except it's more user friendly and requires less technical knowledge to operate.

>try it with Gentoo
Gentoo doesn't officially support s6 but it is possible to use s6 on Gentoo, I've done it, but the setup is quite complex and not something you can pull off easily. I could only find this old guide on setting up s6:
https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/User:Capezotte/s6_on_Gentoo#Taking_full_advantage_of_s6
>>
>>107881993
yes, just start the apps inside a network namespace using the vpn
>>
>>107881134
bring back the wiki:
https://igwiki.lyci.de
>>
Will mounting an nvme with files on it lose any of them? I have a secondary nvme that i use to store media mostly but to access it on fedora it says to mount it, i thought i'd double check before doing it because im a retard
>>
>>107882104
I'm sorry anon, I just copied what was in the previous edition. If it comes down to me to make a new edition, I will do better next time.
>>
>>107881929
>>107882021
>>107882077
Also check out the Obarun wiki for a quick introduction to s6/66

https://wiki.obarun.org/en/distribution/supervision/66/introduction
>>
>>107882111
>Will mounting an nvme with files on it lose any of them?
No, mounting doesn't cause data loss unless you do something really really stupid like mounting something to /dev/null or /dev/zero maybe, even then I'm not sure if that will actually wipe it but it's not something you should try.
If you're mounting through a GUI then there should be no problem, those tend to have failsafes to prevent retards from wiping their systems.
>>
>>107882176
It's a shame that Arch doesn't support it, but maybe this will change in the future. I've seen some entries about OpenRC on the wiki, which suggests that you can indeed use OpenRC with Arch, but with some effort.
I've taken a liking to this distro in the time I've been using it, I even became interested in the possibility of working to become a maintainer one day. Sadly, that will have to wait for now.

I will give Obarun a try in a virtual machine, or on an old laptop, if I manage to get my hands on one. Since Anopa is on the AUR, it might make its way into official support one day. Its mere presence in the AUR gives me hope.
>>
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How's POP OS COSMIC?
>>
>>107882364
>but maybe this will change in the future
Hate to break it to you, but that is extremely unlikely. If you've read about the history of systemd you would know it caused a lot of controversies and flame wars, the biggest one was the Debian initsystem "debate" in 2014, here are some historical links for your later reading pleasure:
https://wiki.debian.org/Debate/initsystem
https://wiki.debian.org/Debate/initsystem/sysvinit
https://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?f=20&t=120652

The Debian initsystem "debate" resulted in part of the Debian community splitting off and creating Devuan. Devuan was the original anti-systemd protest distro that was the catalyst for creation of other anti-systemd distros like Artix which was split off from Arch and all Arch devs who didn't want systemd went to Artix.

>I've seen some entries about OpenRC on the wiki, which suggests that you can indeed use OpenRC with Arch, but with some effort.
Changing init system isn't really the hard part, the real difficulty comes from patching all the other software that depends on systemd. You might not realize it but a lot of software you use has a dependency on systemd either directly or indirectly, and the maintainers of non-systemd distros like Artix or Devuan have to patch and compile all this software without the systemd dependencies. So basically, even if you successfully manage to remove systemd you still have to patch all the software that you use to not depend on systemd, which is what Artix does, so at this point, why not use Artix?
>>
I'm now setting up Gentoo with LUKS + Dracut + ZFS and it has separate ext4 /boot and separate fat /efi. How should I set the ZFS zpool bootfs property? Should it point to the /dev/nvme... partition where /boot is? Can't find info about this from the docs.
>>
>>107881736
I heard 66 was abandoned, or at least artix dropped it.
>>
>>107882765
I maybe figured this out but I have to try. I guess I target grub to /boot - then dracut issues crypt and decrypts and targets the mapped root - then dracut mounts the ZFS pool - so 2x kernel_cmdline+= for dracut confs, 1 for crypt and 1 for zfs.
>>
>>107881993
You can use a proxy if the app supports it.
>>
What's the difference between a file and a document? Why did my home directory come preinstalled with both a Files and a Documents subdirectory?
>>
>>107882077
I remember alpine was planning on switching to s6 but they might've abandoned it
>>
>>107882907
66 isn't an Artix project, it's an Obarun project and developed mainly for Obarun, if you're talking about s6 instead then Artix still has it.
>>
>>107882765
If you enable unstable for grub and install whatever the latest version currently is you can have grub itself unlock luks and ditch ext4 unencrypted /boot. Or is grub not able to read zfs partitions? Either way you can still just encrypt the /boot partition instead of leaving it unencrypted.
>>107882916
The grub bootloader should be targeted to your efi partition and the grub config should be targeted to /boot/grub/grub.cfg
>>
>>107882974
I remember artix used to have 66 as an option until they dropped it.
https://artixlinux.org/news.php#Suite66_retirement
Seems like they prefer using s6 directly over 66
>>
Please suggest me a lightweight text editor with a GUI. Gnome's default one is awful.
>>
>>107882996
Cheers anon. Do you have any idea why cryptsetup didn't generate the /dev/mapper/asd root an UUID? blkid returns empty result.
>>
>>107883071
Geany is the best general GUI text editor and is surprisingly lightweight for all its features, but if you want something even more minimal then use Gedit.
>>
>>107883071
>Gnome's default one is awful.
Why do you think that?
>>
>>107883123
>use Gedit
Isn't that Gnome's default one? It used to be, at least.
>>
>>107883136
slow on big files
Ctrl + F, <type something>, <press Enter> puts the focus on the found text, pressing Enter again replaces the found text. No editor has this retarded behaviour. Pressing enter repeatedly should just search next.
>>
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>>107883087
Like this can't be right? AFAIK /dev/mapper/root should have an UUID after cryptsetup and luksOpen?
>>
>>107883123
>Geany
Thanks.
The current default one in Gnome is called Gnome text editor.
>>
>>107883123
>Geany
that's looks more like a DE. I want something plain and retarded to display log files.
>>
>>107883149
It's the old default gnome text editor, unlike the new one it can be extended with extensions, and there are tons of gedit extensions.
>>
>>107883071
Xed, the one linuxmint uses
>>
>>107883172
>Pressing enter repeatedly should just search next.
Most editors I've worked with use F3 for that, don't they.
>>
>>107883176
Well I now tried and the damn /dev/mapper/root part won't have UUID before I setup some filesystem for it, I guess. Why?
>>
Cinnamon is the best DE
Don't (You) me
>>
>>107883188
Then just use gedit
>display log files
There are programs specifically designed to do this, like GNOME Logs, but that one sucks just like all GNOME apps, so use Glogg instead:
https://glogg.bonnefon.org/
>>
>>107883180
>is called Gnome text editor.
I thought that was just an alias for gedit.
>>107883191
It's not just a newer version of gedit? The wrote a new one from scratch?
>>
>>107883238
>They wrote a new one from scratch?
Yes, they wrote a whole new text editor from scratch because gedit didn't comply with their guidelines or some shit, gnome devs are that mentally ill.
>>
>>107883218
The uuid is generated by the filesystem



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