>>107972561
I have a question. Why the fuck is everybody calling it GNU/Linux rather than just Linux all of a sudden? I'm not very active on this board, but it feels like this change happened very recently.

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I recently made the switch over to Linux (CachyOS). I have a standalone DAC.AMO (Topping DX5 II) and it works. However, in Windows, I could adjust the bitrate and sample rate for my audio quite easily through the speaker properties (pic related). Is there something similar to this in Linux that'll give me better control of my audio quality?

>>107972799
I'm afraid not. You'll have to edit PipeWire config files to change the default sample rate, etc.

>>107972799
If you're using pipewire then just set it in the config ~/.config/pipewire/pipewire.conf
If you don't have that file then copy it from the default (probably at /usr/share/pipewire/pipesire.conf).
There's all kinds of settings you can change in there. sample rate is default.clock.rate

If you're using pulseaudio only (not the pipewire bridge, but the actual pulseaudio daemon) then you would configure it in ~/.config/pulse/daemon.conf

>>107972690
>all of a sudden
What? "GNU/Linux" has been a meme in online circles since over a decade ago. If anything there's significantly less people calling it GNU/Linux now than 5+ years ago.

>>107972561
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Main_Page

>>107973193
So during the couple dozen times I've browsed /g/ in the past, I've somehow managed to completely miss or pass over every instance of this? Why the fuck am I only so absurdly lucky with things that are utterly inconsequential?

>>107972690
>all of a sudden
it started in the 90's
https://www.gnu.org/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html

https://youtu.be/k0RYQVkQmWU?t=1h13m48s

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>>107972799
Isn't that something you set in your apps? Pic rel is Deadbeef for example.

>>107973500
That's a different sample rate. What happens there is you set a sample rate in the app and the sound server will then re-sample it if its sample rate doesn't match what the default of the sound server is.

He wants to change the sample rate used by PipeWire by default but there's no GUI to do that. You have to edit the config files like >>107973022 said.

>>107973532
I see, so there's no way for programs to request a higher sample rate? It's all forced to some constant rate, probably CD quality?

>>107972690
Nobody calls it GNU/Linux. Only some people for memes. Everybody calls Linux a Linux, as with Emacs. Nobody calls it GNU/Emacs.

>>107973616
I'm not entirely sure. I think ideally you're supposed to change both and set it in the application and the sound server so that everything agrees.

>>107973654
Basically, PipeWire is kind of dynamic with its sample rate stuff as far as I know so it may or may not do what you expect it to do unless you manually configure it very explicitly.

what is a good frutiger aero theme for KDE?

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You know, one of the biggest myths about Linux is that you need to be a computer expert and do hours of research in order to use it. But looking through any Linux discussion immediately disproves this given the amount of people giving atrocious advice that hasn't been efficient in 20 years, not understanding how Btrfs works, calling Wayland shit because they tried it on Xfce, thinking PipeWire is Pentagon spyware, religiously promoting immutable distributions as the only correct choice for Windows users despite the fact that Windows itself is not immutable, and repeated insistence that the solution somebody is looking for doesn't exist (it has existed since the 90's). The amount of tech illiteracy (not just Linux-specific), delusional conjecture, intentional ignorance, and plain retardation you see in Linux discussions is astonishing, which ironically is a good thing because it proves that Linux is ready for the masses: when Linux's competency floor is this nonexistent, where people can be so confidently wrong on every front yet still get by fine without breaking their computer, it shows how user-friendly Linux is.

I think this myth is partly caused by Linux users stroking their ego by LARPing as sysadmins, even though it's clear the average Linux user is no more (and probably less) knowledgeable about computers than the average Windows user. At this point pacman requires less manual intervention than Windows lol, anyone calling desktop Linux difficult in 2026 is being dishonest.

>>107974370
>Wayland shit because they tried it on Xfce
Wayland isn't shit because of xfce, wayland is shit because you cant drag-and-drop files on wayland to photoshop running under wine.

>>107974396
I can drag-and-drop files into Sony Vegas just fine under Wine, so this cannot be a Wayland issue.

>>107974396
what kind of crackhead ever drags and drops files into fucking photoshop even on windows your boss is gonna fire you if he sees you do that

>>107974325
Oxygen

>>107974325
AeroThemePlasma and VistaThemePlasma are great, but I wouldn't recommend them if you have a high refresh monitor since the tiling animations are hardcoded at 60fps.

>>107974407
Sony(tm) Vegas isn't Adobe(tm) Photoshop though.

>>107973418
>So during the couple dozen times I've browsed /g/ in the past, I've somehow managed to completely miss or pass over every instance of this?
Yes. I've been here since Terry Davis and Luke Smith days and the "I'd like to interject" copy pasta was extremely popular at the time as was calling Linux "gnu/linux". Back then some people used the term gnu/linux unironically, but most people used it as a joke. Basically, it was a meme.
My guess is that the "GNU/Linux" meme died off after the Steam Deck got released and a new wave of normies came. It's just a different culture of Linux users now. Also 4chan (or at least /g/) itself is sort of dead compared to what it was years ago.

>>107974467
And neither of them are Wayland. What's your point?

>people outright ignoring that fact that anyone can run any version of Photoshop in wine to start with
wasn't this just impossible a year ago?

>>107974482
That you can't drag-and-drop files onto photoshop under wine while running wayland?
>>107974487
Some literal who managed to get it working like a week or two ago.

>>107974518
So, Wayland sucks because Wine is dodgy? We can very empirically rule out Wayland as the problem given that drag-and-drop works on other applications.

>>107974518
ya and thats amazing its something we have not been able to do before bickering over drag and drop files is a bit silly if you ask me

When I either compile something (or apt get a program but don't want to move onto the next version), how can I "freeze" those so that they aren't broken by future updates?
Recently, I was unable open a file made in an old nightly-build that has since changed completely, and the old source won't compile because of how its dependencies have changed since. I still prefer Linux to the tyranny of Windows, but this is like the Linux version of forced updates from Windows with the lost sense of control (while on Windows, it's easy to keep .exes of many versions of the same software).

>>107974743
Use ldd to see which libraries it's looking for

>>107974743
Use Distrobox to make a dedicated container with whatever distro you want (can be an older version of the distro if you want) and then run your application from there. As long as you don't update the container then it'll stay frozen in time for eternity.

Debian question. If I install the latest NVIDIA drivers from the CUDA repo (https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/debian13/), is it just gonna get fucked up once Debian 14 releases?

>>107974929
Yes, but your system won't automatically update to Debian 13 if your sources don't point at "stable" / "stable-updates", etc, and are fixed. You can just wait for NVIDIA to update their repo first.

>>107974954
I'm trying to set up a self-maintaining system that DOES point the sources to the stable repo. This wouldn't even be a problem if the NVIDIA drivers in Trixie weren't the god damn 550 drivers.

Is openSUSE kalpa usable at this point?

>>107974992
As long as you're conscious of the fact that you'll need to update the URL of the NVIDIA repo then it should be fine.

I think Apt doesn't do dist-upgrades from one version to another without you specifying a flag first anyway, although I may be wrong about that so don't quote me on it.

>>107975006
Changing the sources from trixie to stable will ALWAYS get you the packages from the latest point release, whatever that may be. I'm making a system where clicking "Update" in Discover will ALWAYS bring your computer up-to-date.

>>107975035
Ah, if you're using Discover then yeah, the plugin may just update everything for you without even asking.

Normally when the suite or codename changes APT makes you do something like:

sudo apt-get update -o Acquire::AllowReleaseInfoChange=true

to accept the fact that the repository has changed.

last time i ran linux i was constantly having problems with missing dependencies when installing programs, and having to track down those dependencies, only to find that installing those dependencies require additional dependencies and so on. is this a problem that has largely gone away, because i havent ran into it once so far. maybe its because im using fedora now while i was using ubuntu previously.

>>107975161
>is this a problem that has largely gone away
Yes on mainstream distros this problem went away 20 years ago

>>107975161
I don't think it should have ever been normal unless we are talking about like 20 years ago, but package managers do keep track of dependencies, yes.

>>107975172
>>107975167
>20 years ago
this was more like 10 years ago

>>107975185
10 years ago I used Arch and it kept track of all my dependencies just fine with pacman so it doesn't sound right.

>>107975006
>Apt doesn't do dist-upgrades from one version to another without you specifying a flag first anyway
The command would be

apt dist-upgrade

I think full-upgrade also works.

>>107972561
I often think of Source Mage. I was always turned off by Gentoo because it forced you have Python, among other crud. I imagine getting into SM now would probably require writing or modifying a lot of install scripts myself though.

How much overhead is there when running stuff through docker or podman?
How dumb of an idea would it be to switch away from something like libvirt and run all my virtual machines through multiple docker/podman containers using this docker image?
https://github.com/qemus/qemu
And the ones for macos/windows

>>107974487
Getting Photoshop running isn't a big deal anymore because infinitely less people care.

The majority of people who said "I won't use Linux because of Photoshop" were using it on a personal machine for hobby or some niche self-employment purposes. Many of these people were pirating (or owned a license to) an older version. These old versions were technically usable in Wine years ago.
Probably over 90% of these users would be fine using Photopea which is basically Photoshop but in a web browser and completely free. I know plenty of people who actually switched from Photoshop to Photopea. Even Photoshop itself now has a browser version apparently.
Also, many people have abandoned Photoshop entirely for multiple reasons. Firstly because there's now multiple serious competitors that are cheaper or free, like Photopea, Affinity Photo, etc.. Also people generally started hating Adobe in the past 5 years due to all the price hikes, inability to have a permanent license, them saying they'll train AI on your works, general public's fatigue of subscription services, etc.

So your average hobbyist doesn't even care about Photoshop anymore to the point it's no longer even the first or obvious choice. It's now a strictly business-to-business product.
Speaking of... People who are employed at a company which mandates the use of Adobe products don't care about Linux or Wine. They're given a work PC or laptop which is either a macOS or Windows machine and they're not allowed to install Linux or use a personal device. And companies themselves are generally not interested in having Linux devices anyway since the security is subpar and remote management tools are not as great.

>>107974881
This. Distrobox solves the shitshow that is Linux software distribution and compatibility. Sucks that it performs worse than Flatpak apparently.

>>107975161
>>107975185
Yes, it's solved with Flatpak, Appimage, Brew and Distrobox.

>>107974801
>>107974881
>>107975265
>Distrobox solves the shitshow that is Linux software distribution and compatibility.
What about sandboxing and containers or NixOS, don't those do what I think they do?

Should I upgrade to Ubuntu 25.10 or will it brick my computer?

>>107975185
>10 years ago
Not really it was just the early versions of debian and redhat that had dependency issues. Slackware also had and still has dependency issues but their solution was just to have every package installed and available.

>>107975348
Sandboxing has nothing to do with software distribution.
Nix is probably a better solution than the hacky distrobox shellscript or all these tertiary package managers like flatpak snap etc.

Is there anything like window rules for GNOME?
I want to set specific programs on full screen not to enable adaptive sync. On Plasma I can do this thing by forcing it disabled through Window rules. On GNOME well, I have nothing other than switching to GNOME x11 and editing the mesa defaults config file (because wayland ignores the adaptive sync blacklist in there). Is there any extension that does this? I have only managed to find an extension to add custom function toggles which allows me to manually toggle VRR on and off without going to the settings, and with a keyboard shortcut, but that's far from ideal.

>>107975265
>using multiple extra package managers and giga bloating up your system is the solution
Or just use the package manager that comes with your system since most of them work fine without any issues these days even apt.

>>107975397
It's better but only if you want to invest in the Nix wankery way of doing everything. It's unlike any traditional distribution. The nice thing about things like Distrobox is you don't have to learn anything new. You just do the same thing you always did only this time it's in its own box that won't break.

I installed EndeavourOS, I think it's the best OS I've ever used (apparently it's babby's first Arch but I do rate it highly and recommend it regardless)

Holy fuck I can finally ditch windows, Photoshop was the only thing chaining me to this shitty OS. I bought a 9070xt last year hoping id be able to switch.

Has anyone tested it and confirmed the performance is comparable to windows? I need to use it for professional work.

>>107975358
It's fine, all the bugs have been sorted out already

>>107975397
>>107975425
Ok, thanks. I'll have a look at Distrobox.
Another specific scenario was with Linux VSTs breaking from updates. Would I be able to load an old Distrobox'd VST into an up to date Ardour?

>>107975425
>you don't have to learn anything new
You literally do though. Running podman is different from a chroot since all your files that werent mounted are lost once you delete the container. You would also need to learn podman flags in case you need to do something out of the scope of the basic container setup.

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I switched a year ago and haven't regret it a single day.

>>107975451
There's videos about photoshop on linux so you could reference those but you wont really know until you try it out yourself.
Just remember that it only works in some random guys fork of wine and not mainline upstream.

>>107975528
>wine and not mainline upstream.
It will work on 11.1, so next month

couldnt he just use winboat for Photoshop on linux?

>>107975491
Okay, you have to read the documentation to find out which flag bind mounts your files.

What I meant is you don't have to learn any new distro knowledge. You aren't going to be sent down a rabbit hole where you're forced into learning a new custom domain specific language to configure shit.

>>107974538
Well i would like to be able to drag-and-drop files onto photoshop in wine while running on wayland.

>>107975528
>>107975559
Also, today in Wine staging. So it's no longer just some random guys fork

>>107975442
Based on what experience exactly? I'm more than interested to know what makes you feel this way. Show me the money. Give us some data.

>>107975559
Oh he actually sent them a patch?

>>107975593
No, they just took it because it's FOSS and they can do that. Wine doesn't have Pull Requests on their Gitlab for some reason so the guy sent it to Valve which closed it because they also don't take pull requests through there but someone got it into the right place anyway.

>>107975566
> distro knowledge
Nix is not a distro its a package manager. NixOS is just a distro that uses Nix as its primary package manager
>You aren't going to be sent down a rabbit hole where you're forced into learning a new custom domain specific language to configure shit.
Its not really as in-depth as Nix is but distrobox does have config files to create distroboxes with all the packages you need and binaries exported prepared.
I wouldnt really suggest distrobox to someone new they would be better off with flatpak.

>>107975602
>No, they just took it because it's FOSS and they can do that.
Oh right. I thought wine devs would've been stubborn and not do anything about it until he came to them with the patches needed.
>Wine doesn't have Pull Requests on their Gitlab for some reason
I think they do its just he had to verify his account or something that he didnt want to bother with
>so the guy sent it to Valve which closed it because they also don't take pull requests through there but someone got it into the right place anyway.
I knew about the valve part.

>>107975621
Flatpak is definitely the easier thing but it can be a bit iffy for Nightly packages like they're using. Not everyone publishes nightly builds of their Flatpaks.
KDE and GNOME do though.

>>107975638
Doesnt flatpak have a flathub-beta repo? It's just not enabled by default.

>he doesn't use a qt-based de
>he enables the gtk/gnome menace
absolutely disgusting

>>107975638
Also, they could probably build it themselves but in my experience the Flatpak builder tooling is pretty crap. It's a mess of YAML and Python scripts. They need to make it possible to easily build a Flatpak from a Containerfile

>>107975652
I use sway and i3

>>107975650
It does but in practice it never updates. It's useless. I don't know why they have it.

Using the GitHub arch linux tutorial ( https://gist.github.com/mjkstra/96ce7a5689d753e7a6bdd92cdc169bae ) and just reading before I start.

What are the differences between KDE Plasma and Hyprland and which one should I pick? Are they both capable with gaming? I see KDE Plasma is but this GitHub doesn't mention if Hyprland is.

>>107975663
Do you want a tiling window manager or a traditional desktop environment?
Go with KDE Plasma if you're unsure.

>>107975663
Why aren't you capable of making decisions on your own? Are you also illiterate?

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This kind of shit pisses me off.
>Well done! You downloaded the iso and installed it to a PC. Gold star for you.
I was wondering where retards like >>107975318 were coming from.

>>107975663
>GitHub arch linux tutorial
Too good to follow the official wiki?

>>107975739
No? I'm not sure where I got that link as I had it saved in bookmarks for 2+ years now.

>>107975261
A VM itself doesn't have a lot of overhead. It's just a 3%-5% CPU performance loss and in some cases a R/W performance loss. But a PCI passthrough of a GPU or a storage device results in no performance loss.
Using docker/podman really depends on your use case. As far as I'm aware the only benefit would be a slightly reduced startup time and memory usage. If you need GPU acceleration you'd still need to pass your GPU to docker/podman.

>>107975419
This doesn't help if the software you want isn't in your repos or if the repo only includes an outdated package version. Flatpak, snap, appimage and homebrew make things infinitely more convenient in most cases.

>>107975481
Also look into DistroShelf. It's a simplified GUI to manage distrobox environments. And Ptyxis which is a terminal which lets you switch between containers without having to manually run commands to do so (if you're feeling lazy).

>>107975563
The point of WINE is to avoid having to use a virtual machine. WINE runtime is much lighter than running Windows in a VM and it runs natively so it's GPU accelerated. Winboat doesn't have GPU passthrough yet afaik, and when it does get it your host will be unable to use the GPU at the same time. It's just a major waste of system resources.

Dumb question. Why is the 'find' command not included in the coreutils package given how useful it can be?

Also, is there an easy way to learn if a command is part of a suite?

>>107975960
Because it's part of findutils which is a separate project.

>>107975261
It feels like networking that would be an abject clusterfuck, but you do you.

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How do I make os-prober detect bootable btrfs subvolumes??
I have two distros inside a btrfs partition each inside of their own subvolume.

>>107976297
>two distros inside a btrfs partition each inside of their own subvolume
So you went full retard.

>>107975000
No. Pretty sure it's gonna be abandoned soon anyway. They immutable guy at Opensuse only cares about GNOME and Fedora Atomic is already very mature there's very little reason to look anywhere else.

>>107976366
>Fedora Atomic is already very mature there's very little reason to look anywhere else.
I wonder why SteamOS, Gnome OS and KDE Linux opted for Arch then.

>>107976354
Well it works, but only one of them appear in the grub menu at a time, I have to chroot and do
>grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
To make the other appear in the grub menu.

What I want is for both subvolumes to appear in the grub menu, I can probably make it work if I edit the grub.cfg file by hand but I would like to know if there's a better doing this

>>107976405
>better doing this
better way of doing this*

Also to be clear, this what my subvolumes look like:
distro1
distro1/@
distro1/snapshots
distro2
distro2/@
distro2/snapshots
@home

>>107976401
They're all unique implementations. Arch doesn't have an official framework for this. Also KDE Linux is still in testing and considering switching to Fedora Atomic

>>107976401
Because you are a techlet, retarded platform warrior, that's why.

>>107972561
>try HDR on linux.
>SDR games get autoHDR treatement by the KDE plasma desktop.
Cool, works pretty well.
My trouble is when I play games that has actual native HDR support, and I enable it. I get completely fucked results.
From crushed blacks+blown out highlights in one game(control)
to a completely washed out image in the other game(ori will of the wisps)

Best I can guess is that games with native HDR support don't communicate that to KDE plasma, it just treats literally everything as SDR input.
How do I fix this shit?
How do I turn off KDE plasma auto HDR function?
Also KDR plasma SDR brightness function affects all games, even native HDR games content.

So how the fuck can I tell KDE plasma to fuck off with it's inverse tone mapping and not do that for a specific game, it just treats all games as SDR and doesn't read the HDR signal coming to it, going "oh cool, I shouldn't tone map this in addition as well'.

>>107976401
>SteamOS
Meme power. Avoid dependency on RedHat.
>gnome os
Broke shit for retards. Fedora is GNOME OS.

>>107976297
There's no special distinction for bootable vs non-bootable subvols. They're just directories.

>>107976455
>KDE Linux is still in testing and considering switching to Fedora Atomic
Interesting. It would make sense considering not having the ability to layer packages makes the OS somewhat unusable.

>>107976459
What are you sperging out about?

>>107976525
>Avoid dependency on RedHat.
I really don't see why it would matter. It's not like Fedora is entirely controlled by RedHat. They're just the main sponsor and have a few people in the project. And it's not like RedHat isn't one of the biggest contributors to the Linux kernel itself. Not to mention SteamOS is already using RedHat-adjecent tech like Flatpak and Podman.

I'm on bazzite.

Having an issue - my moue driver software was functional, however it is no longer functional. This is mainly due to reading the mouse as disconnected, despite the fact that I'm using said mouse to open it.
The installer is playing up and the installation wizard isn't displaying text (through wine, it is through a random protontricks prefix but I don't know if that will do a genuine install) so can't reinstall easily, anyone else ever have such an issue and was able to arrive at a resolution?

I imagine it's that the microsoft core fonts aren't on the wine prefix, however I'm having a bit of trouble sourcing them, as the option in settings isn't the best, and if anyone knows a good repository please share.

https://youtu.be/f0xjI1eZej0

What's up with Linux and Trannies? They should rename it Trannix. Or Troonix.

>>107976525
>>107976731
>SteamOS
My guess is that Valve doesn't need whatever Fedora provides. SteamOS is only meant to be used on a single well defined computer. From the users point of view this doesn't make SteamOS an attractive option for anything else other than the Deck right now. It's same issue as with GNOME OS and Kalpa. They're not attractive to the user, one is for testing and one is too niche.

>>107976738
>my moue driver software was functional
>through wine
I'm pretty sure you can't just "install a driver" through WINE. Unless you're only talking about some USB mouse config software. In which case you can probably install it through Bottles instead. It's much easier to manage prefixes there. Just create a new bottle and run the installer within it. And if you want to make sure you never lose that bottle/prefix you can easily back it up in the GUI.
As for fonts, that can also be installed inside Bottles. Simply go into Bottles->your_bottle->Dependencies then find the "allfonts" package and install it.

>>107976731
If RedHat pulled out of Fedora it would be more irrelevant than Devuan. The only reason most Fedora contributors are there is because they want to build rep in the RedHat sphere. If they see Valve making tons of money off the back of Fedora, there's a solid chance they would start asking for money or pull another CentOS.
>kernel, flatpak, podman
They want everyone to use these because it increases their clout or undermines their competitors.

>>107976501
The fix is to use the following environment variable:

KWIN_DISABLE_TONEMAPPING=1

I haven't tried on a game by game basis, maybe I should. There's a fix soon for games like these. Basically these games use scRGB which is a big no no.

I want to start using hyprland, I don't even care about ricing I want a black background and white letters, just simple and stuff that works, can anyone point me towards a guide or video or whatever that would build a basic yet complete hyprland installation?

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>>107976854
>USB mouse config software
Yeah, the download called it a driver which doesn't seem the correct name but I suppose I trusted the authority.

What I did was I added the exe for the installer to Steam as a game and ran it through proton that way, this worked but unfortunately it still says the mouse is DCd.

For whatever reason it seems Bazzite has stopped recognising it for what it is (some brand called Genesis)and is just calling it some random ass mouse in the settings so I can't use the config software.

Oddly this has fixed an issue where I couldn't control the system volume with the mouse buttons.

>>107976909
That's an environment variable for KWin. It probably won't work on a case-by-case basis. You either have it enabled or don't.
>>107976501
Maybe try running the game nested in Gamescope and see if it handles things better.

>>107976909
Yeah nevermind, it doesn't work like that. It has to be set as a system wide env variable. So pick your poison, "AutoHDR" or working HDR.

>>107976928
Nope, gamescope doesn't change the tonemapping under Plasma. It looks just as fucked with --hdr-enabled

>>107976972
It thought Gamescope did its own tone mapping? Maybe it has the same issue as KWin? Oh, well. It was worth a shot.

What game is this by the way?

>>107976989
In my case I have this issue with yakuza 3, I found this out a few days ago. I set this variable and the problems are gone but of course, that's supposed to be wrong.

>>107976922
>an issue where I couldn't control the system volume with the mouse buttons.
There's that "Configure Extra Buttons" in the top right. I assume that could be used to map those buttons to actions/scripts.

>just calling it some random ass mouse in the settings so I can't use the config software.
Not sure what would cause this. Might be worth updating the OS and rebooting the PC. Or maybe even downgrading the OS to a version in which it recognized your mouse. Might also be worth checking your system logs to see if there's some USB or input related issues.

>>107977026
Best bet is probably to just disable HDR in system settings for that one game and play it in SDR.
I'm sure the KWin devs are already working on fixing it though.

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I've been trying to unix philosophy max.
Is this the way?

>>107977081
It's not one game specifically
https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=509114
But they're at least trying to come up with something I guess. For now I'll just disable tonemapping because it is less of a headache and I actually get to use my monitor. If I wanted SDR, I'd use Cinnamon.

>>107977104
>using nano
you'll never make it

>>107977104
>having a bar
Fucking casul

>>107977108
You kind of need tonemapping for proper SDR on HDR though otherwise it'll look to bright or colours might be blown out, etc. You could easily make a keybinding to call kscreen-doctor to toggle it.

If the environment variable works for you though then keep it I guess.

>>107977119
I switched from neovim to nano.
>>107977132
Does that go against unix philosophy?

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>>107976297
>>107976453
>>107976722
Well nevermind, I figured out the solution, I needed to mount the subvolumes manually for them to be detected by os-prober. So just:

sudo mount -o subvol=/distro1/@ /dev/sda5 /mnt/distro1
sudo mount -o subvol=/distro2/@ /dev/sda5 /mnt/distro2

And now os-prober detects both properly and writes a grub menu entry for each distro.

>>107976743
high iq hobby

#!/bin/sh

rm -f ~/.ICEauthority
cat << EOF >> /home/anon/no-kings.txt
f*gg ICE
f*gg drumpf
EOF

>>107977053
>There's that "Configure Extra Buttons" in the top right. I assume that could be used to map those buttons to actions/scripts.
Nah it doesn't seem to read em.

>>107977053
>Not sure what would cause this. Might be worth updating the OS and rebooting the PC.
Tried this ASAP (After jigging about the USBs of course), no dice. Don't think an update occurred around the time this happened either.

Not the biggest problem, albeit slightly annoying, it's still functional as the last config it was set to, I just can't edit it. Might just hope time caused the problem and time will fix it, at least for a while. Might wait and try plugging the mouse in on another device when the opportunity arises.

Thanks for the suggestions.

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>>107972561
So I'm trying to make a NFS share for multiple clients so that each will be able to modify/write/whatever in the share. Do I just make a new group, put the server's user in it, and then use user_squash or whatever in the exports so that all connected clients get squashed to the same user/group? What user/group should own the share in that case?

>>107977186
I honestly don't see what's high IQ about it. It's like tardwrangling but with computers instead.

Anyone else noticed tldr doesn't work anymore? tldr/tealdeer on Debian 12 just panics, tealdeer on Debian 13 throws this message up:

Error: Could not update cache

Caused by:
    0: Could not download tldr pages from https://tldr.sh/assets/tldr.zip
    1: HTTP status client error (404 Not Found) for url (https://tldr.sh/assets/tldr.zip)

I can't even figure a way to change the url. If you're doing a fresh install you won't have any pages at all since the package doesn't even include any. You have to rely on updating from the site. Is this just a huge fuck up?

>>107977255
https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/haskell-tldr
Is this the one? Looks like it was removed from Trixie/testing/sid completely.

>>107977255
Here on Devuan, using tealdeer and noticed this too, I dug into it and found that this was caused by a change that deprecated the old urls...
https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr/pull/15862

>>107977255
>>107977323
also read
https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr/blob/main/CLIENT-SPECIFICATION.md
>Caution
>Prior to version 2.2, the client specification stated that clients MUST download archives from https://tldr.sh/assets. This method is now deprecated, and will be removed in December 2025. Clients that still use the old location will therefore stop working next year.

>>107977296
I changed to tealdeer on Debian 13.

>>107977323
Well I guess that's another fucked package then. It's probably not going to be patched on Debian since it isn't a security issue. The way tealdeer downloads everything (all languages) is a bit stupid too. Should've had the pages in the package itself and then update it manually if necessary.

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>>107977369
You can update them manually if you want

cd ~/.cache/tealdeer/tldr-pages
wget https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr/releases/latest/download/tldr.zip
unzip tldr.zip
rm tldr.zip

I tested this and it works, you could probably write a bash script to automate this then alias it to "tldr-update" or whatever, that's what i will do.

>>107977404
Yeah I've downloaded the new archive. Was going to transfer it from one system to another fresh install system.

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Anons, so I found out today that basically smart tv’s unironically listen to us, geofencing, and don’t even get me started on the flock camera system thing.
This got me thinking- with something like Linux, can the government still access your information, see what’s going on on your screen etc? I mean surely Mint for example has some sort of backdoor, right? Is there any way around this or do we unironically just have to deal with it?

arch users are trash

>>107977710
always assume any system connected to the public internet is compromised. this is basic opsec.
fucking shitters i swear. i'm surprised you didn't say you used arch.

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>>107977738
What if it’s on home internet?

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>Debian stable

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I know that tails really wants keep their system as basic as possible, but this is retarded

>>107978229
Not the best change

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>>107978235
yeah they themselves note that Gnome's password manager fucking sucks

>>107978246
So why the fuck are they changing from KeepassXC ie the best local password manager you could use? If it's just for "simplicity's" sake that's indeed retarded.

>>107978257
https://gitlab.tails.boum.org/tails/tails/-/issues/19136
basically they don't like packaging Qt
in fact one of their goals for 7.5 is to remove Qt

>>107978274
Well that's dumb

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>>107978274
>>107978229
>>>>>>>No password generator
what the fuck, ebassi?

>>107978280
Who even actually uses GNOME default utilities like for real

>>107978315
Sure there are some "people" who use Gnome that do, somewhere...

>>107978315
I didn't even know I had this installed, kek.

>>107978280
why does a DE package software other than the DE. i really don't understand this shit. stop putting your aids and fag sex on my system

>>107978353
>why does a DE package software other than the DE
because your distro wants you to have everything you might need
(fine approach desu, problem is that Gnome just sucks at everything)

ansible is fucking garbage and puppet takes too much time how do i manage all these old laptops and pcs and VMs without writing a bunch of shitty bash scripts like its 1979

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>>107978229
decided to check this shitware before Tails commits a grave mistake
>"functional" (gay) title bar
>database is called "safe" [sic]
>you can't view folders as a tree hierarchy
>there is a password generator, but it sucks
>keybinds use Shift (e.g. shift+ctrl+c to copy password) for some fucking reason
>no way to open an URL without clicking on an entry first
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>it doesn't clear clipboard automatically (I'm on KDE but KeepassXC clears on everything)
fuck this garbage

>>107978509
There isn't even an option to set a timer for clipboard clearing? Awful for a password manager. All the best ones have that by default.

>>107978516
>There isn't even an option to set a timer for clipboard clearing?
there's one (default value is 30 secs), but it just doesn't fucking work on my machine

>>107978501
you'd get better answers in /hsg/, /fglt/ is just a bunch of arch shitters trying to play gaymes.
tl;dr
n
i
x
o
s

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I just discovered you can tap your laptop touchpad with two fingers simultaneously to emulate a right mouse click signal...

>>107978648
wtf how did i not know this?
this changes everything...

>>107978648
Now drag up and down with two fingers simultaneously. If you're on GNOME drag in any direction with three fingers. You're welcome.

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How to reasonably/best use zram?
Does it really help, especially on stuff like old devices or low ram SBC?

Do I understand correctly that it cannot be combined with zswap? Which one would be more useful for extreme situations like 1gb pi?

>>107978866
Oh yeah, the scrolling I already knew. But I'm shocked about not knowing about the right click one, specially because I always hated using the touchpad's psychical buttons. Such crazy good QoL.

>>107978931
Apparently touchpad and touch screen is quite good, if you don't use ubuoondu

>>107976354
works for me

>>107978909
Yes it definitely helps, as it basically gives you more RAM virtually then you'd have otherwise to make it seem snappier.
If you're going to use zram then you don't need zswap because zram does the same thing. Just set the zram size to like 1.5/2GB with swappiness set to 100, using something like zram-generator to create it. It'll make that Pi much more responsive.

>>107979229
sometimes it's recommended to set swappiness above 100 for zram, as zram swap tends to be faster than reading from disc (swappiness over 100 means to prefer swapping over dropping i/o cache). on an rpi with slow sd card storage, this is especially true, you might want even more than the often-mentioned 133 value

Easy goo goo gaa gaa baby mode
>Mint
>Ubuntu
>Zorin
Intermediate nerd mode
>Fedora
>EndavourOS
Hard L33t H4x0r mode
>Arch
>Debian
>Gentoo
OH SHIT NIGGER WHAT ARE YOU DOING mode
>LFS

>>107975525
Dude same

>>107978909
>>107979332
also- i'd recommend also setting up an early-oom daemon, unless you have a very conservative zram device size, as how much ram can be compressed varies depending what's in it. i often see 2-3x compression, but in some cases less, to get the most out of it you will want to assume it will compress a lot, but if it doesn't, then you might run out of ram entirely, which is where an early-oom daemon can be useful (kills off memory hogs before you run out of ram so you don't have to deal with linux's own oom system, which tends to try way too hard to keep going for a home system, most home users opt to reboot their system vs. waiting on that)

What's a good USB WiFi adapter with in-kernel support? I just pulled one out of a drawer that I thought was AC1200 but I'm only getting 40mbps on 5GHz for some reason. Not sure if it's a software or hardware limitation, but if I can get something faster for like $30 or less anyway then I think I'll just do that.

>>107973647
"GNU+Linux" is genuinely a meme from the interjection pasta, GNU/Linux is said fairly often (I believe Debian officially calls itself that in several places including the GRUB menu), you wouldn't say GNU/Emacs you would say GNU Emacs if anything. You're that I don't typically hear "GNU Emacs", but I *do* hear "GNU nano", "GNU screen" and a few other things. It's also commonly used to differentiate two versions of common software, like BSD, GNU, and busybox may all have different implementations of tar or cal and the arguments available aren't identical.
If you are in an FSF-adjacent circle you generally say GNU/Linux to refer to the full OS install of GNU and the kernel known as Linux, but you'd just say Linux when talking about the kernel, probably.
t. GNU Guix System user

>>107978909
If you don't want swap to touch non-volatile storage ever, use zram. If you're going to need physical swap anyway, use zswap.
>Which one would be more useful for extreme situations like 1gb pi?
Depends on how shitty the storage is and how much memory you need. Practically zram taps out at 2x physical memory if you don't like random allocation failures. Which for interactive applications is about all you can ask for either way.

>>107979229
>If you're going to use zram then you don't need zswap because zram does the same thing
zswap is actually a layer in the block cache in front of swap, where zram is a compressed ramdisk acting as swap. The former is slightly faster since you're doing an end-run around the swap code path in most cases.

If you use both at the same time, you end up in a decompress / compress thrash cycle, which wastes a ton of CPU and doesn't save memory.

>>107979332
Corollary to this is you don't want exaggerated swappiness values with zswap. Because it isn't swap.

>>107979354
>i'd recommend also setting up an early-oom daemon, unless you have a very conservative zram device size
OOM killer is required in all cases.

>>107979387
Any random mt7921u based adapter. Usually under $10 on aliexpress.

>>107979387
https://github.com/morrownr/USB-WiFi/blob/main/home/USB_WiFi_Adapters_that_are_supported_with_Linux_in-kernel_drivers.md

>>107979440
>>107979479
Thanks!

>>107976909
Can you elaborate on this?
I tried using the very same setting, but I failed to get it working correctly. How do you do it?

>>107976933
you saying if I disable KDE plasma "autohdr" then it will disable the HDR as well?

I am fine disabling the auto hdr system wide for one speciifc game I want to play.
I just need this shit fixed.

>>107979410
Is that a backdoor?

>>107979410
GNU tends to put extensions on their versions of software (the most famous ones being called bashisms) so GNU screen gets said to make sure people don't use some other, potentially incompatible, implementation. Not sure about nano, but emacs or bash only have the GNU implementation so no need to specify.

>>107979524
>I tried using the very same setting, but I failed to get it working correctly. How do you do it?
You need to add it as an environment variable system wide and restart. You can't use it on a single game unfortunately.
Also this does not disable HDR, otherwise it'd be pointless. This disables tonemapping SDR content.

>>107977134
>You kind of need tonemapping for proper SDR on HDR though otherwise it'll look to bright or colours might be blown out, etc.
The point is -with- tonemapping enabled, the colors on these games look like you set the saturation slider to 700% and the contrast to something really low.
I'm not trying to get a game in SDR to look correct in HDR. I'm trying to play a game that supports HDR to look not vomit inducing on HDR. HDR has to stay on for HDR to function, I would assume.

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my package handler ends up looking like this anyways on linux

how to i manage not installing every little thing

>>107978274
>in fact one of their goals for 7.5 is to remove Qt
then why the fuck did they swap Seahorse with Kleopatra?? thing gives me aids to this day

>>107978315
i really like GNOME Disks

>>107980638
just don't use your computer
walk away from the screen, nigga

>>107980638
some package managers have options like "install recommends" which in some cases are set by default
But package bloat is just space. Bigger number. A lot of these packages are usually a bunch of kilobytes. You should be more concerned about flatpaks.

Are immutable distros really worth the hype? I have yet to use one, and from the little info I read about it, it seems like it has even less permissions than windows when it comes to tinkering with the system.

>>107980879
Immutables are for servers. Using them as desktop daily drivers is foolish.

Is tmux worth learning if I already have a tiling wm? What's the advantage?

>>107978315
GParted is pretty much an industry standard.

>>107980879
>Are immutable distros really worth the hype?
Yes.
>from the little info I read about it, it seems like it has even less permissions than windows
Depends on the implementation. Fedora Atomic is pretty much the same as a regular distro. But some more custom distros like SteamOS and GnomeOS are much more "locked down".

>>107980894
Actually the opposite is true. Servers already achieved immutability a decade ago by using docker images, and before that by using virtual machines. You don't need an immutable OS when a docker image or a VM snapshot achieves the same thing. It's actually the desktops that benefit from immutability the most.

>>107980149
>I'm not trying to get a game in SDR to look correct in HDR. I'm trying to play a game that supports HDR to look not vomit inducing on HDR. HDR has to stay on for HDR to function, I would assume.
Ah, that makes sense. The tonemapping shouldn't be doing anything in that case. The metadata should just get passed through to the monitor.

>>107980928
It's useful even if you never use the tiling and splits and just use it as a glorified version of GNU's screen.
It keeps programs running even if your Xorg or Wayland compositor dies and you can ssh into the machine and attach to it.

>>107981190
>It's actually the desktops that benefit from immutability the most
What benefit is there from programs not being able to access external drives without tinkering?

>>107981296
It means Google Chrome can't access your child pornography collection without you first granting permission. It's not rocket science why some people may find that desirable.

>>107981305
Or maybe you're not a pedo but you're a whistleblower who has sensitive documents you don't want other applications to access, etc.

Yes, for a normal person this can be considered overkill and that is why Flatseal exists to tweak these permissions (or System Settings in KDE which has a Flatpak KCM)

>>107981313
Or maybe you're neither of these things but just don't want other applications having access to your family pictures, etc.

This is common on Android, for example. No app has unfettered access to all your pictures without asking first.

>>107981291
Are there good jewtube guides that don't assume I'm retarded or is the best way to learn to just read the documentation? I don't really want all the nitty gritty, just quick tiling for keeping an eye in two folders while moving files or similar.

>>107981342
Just look up a cheat sheet for the bindings. You don't have to learn everything. I don't utilise all of Tmux either. The defaults are reasonable in most cases.

>>107981349
Right, thanks.

>>107980894
>>107981190
I did consider giving it a try since I heard about origami Linux, and I'm still not settled on a distro just yet.

>>107981305
Sandboxing should be something the user asks for; not something forced on them.

>>107981421
Absolutely not. Sandboxing is something that should always be there by default but the user should have a way to opt out of it per application.
Besides, Flatpak being inconvenient compared to the Android and iOS permission models and the surrounding UI/UX has nothing to do with immutable operating systems.

>>107981296
This has nothing to do with immutable operating systems. You're talking about Flatpak specifically.

>>107981468
>You're talking about Flatpak specifically
And avoiding Flatpaks is impractical on immutable distros.
>>107981468
>Sandboxing is something that should always be there by default
Why?

>>107981468
>interoperability should be broken by default
Did you ever consider your parents really fucked up your brain giving you a tablet at age 4?

>>107981421
>>107981521
If the user had to ask for a sandbox then they never would. It only works on Android, for example, because the user has no other choice. You're getting it whether you like it or not your only choices are to approve the permission or deny it.

Obviously, this is GNU/Linux though so you do get that choice. Nothing is forced on you.

>>107981521
>Why?
It's a basic security and privacy feature that exists on every modern OS. Linux is effectively 2 decades behind in security compared to any other widely used OS.
>avoiding Flatpaks is impractical on immutable distros.
You can avoid them just fine if you want. Nobody is forcing you to use Flatpaks.
Either way the solution isn't to ignore the existence of Flatpak, but rather improve the user experience provided by it. On other operating systems (aside from Windows) you actually get prompted to enable a missing permission when it's needed. If an average Linux DE did the same for Flatpaks then this issue goes away entirely. Either that or more lenient default permissions.
In any case this >>107981296 is incorrect. Pretty much every Flatpak I've ever used could access external drives just fine. At worst only drag-drop doesn't work by default, which is easily fixed if you need it.

>>107981536
>It only works on Android, for example, because the user has no other choice
Works fine on macOS and Windows as well.

>>107981604
>It's a basic security and privacy feature that exists on every modern OS
Any sandboxing that is actually necessary will be done by the application itself (eg browser sandboxing) without having to rely on container crap.
>You can avoid them just fine if you want. Nobody is forcing you to use Flatpaks.
Are you recommending people to go full Snap or AppImage instead?
>which is easily fixed
Shouldn't have to fix it in the first place; with native packages you don't have to.

>>107981617
Browsers do nothing to prevent exfiltration of sensitive, embarrassing, or personal files from your system. Most applications don't in fact.

>>107981628
Don't install viruses and this won't be a problem.
>oh noez, kwrite can read and write any file on my computer!!!
And?

>>107981628
For the average user most embarrassing personal information is in their browser, so it's irrelevant.

>>107981640
Do you think people willingly install viruses on their system or something?
It's easy to quip, "Oh, just don't do that". If Linux ever gets popular then this attitude will be a real problem like it is on Windows.

>>107981617
>Any sandboxing that is actually necessary will be done by the application itself (eg browser sandboxing)
This is the most retarded shit I've ever read.

>>107981652
And your solution is to force newcomers into clunky operating systems to protect them from unrealistic edge cases? They are already on Windows and have already accepted this risk, and are doing fine; when you bring them over to Linux, you should not be doing everything in your power to convince them that Linux is inferior (you are doing exactly this).

>>107981690
Windows has anti-virus. On Linux we know that's snakeoil though. If clicking a checkbox to allow access to external drives is too clunky then the solution is to make the UX better. Not get rid of the sandboxing entirely.

>>107981690
All operating systems are clunky. But I can't see why you think a normie would find Flatpak more clunky than having to deal with distro packages, lack of cross-distro compatibility, 3rd party repos, more common system breakage, etc..

>>107981701
>Windows has anti-virus
So does Linux, not to mention that most Windows users don't even use anti-virus (they just have Windows Defender running in the background but never manually scan files).

>>107981734
>having to deal with distro packages
A normie doesn't know what that is because he just downloads programs from Discover.
>lack of cross-distro compatibility
A normie doesn't know what that is because he just downloads programs from Discover.
>3rd party repos
FlatHub is a 3rd party repo, lmao
>more common system breakage
Maybe on Arch

>>107981743
>they just have Windows Defender running in the background but never manually scan files
Which is fine when the snakeoil works because it will automatically intercept files before they are even executed and quarantine problematic applications.

Nobody, and I really do mean nobody, is running anti-virus snakeoil with realtime protection on their Linux boxes. All of the smart people that helped to build this operating system know that it is bullshit and you should use a proper sandbox instead.

>>107981915
Doesn't SELinux block dodgy system calls?

>>107981961
Dodgy system calls are not viruses or malware though.
LSMs like AppArmor and SELinux do somewhat help to limit exposing sensitive files though (for example, AppArmor prevents my browser from accessing my private SSH keys) but only somewhat because a policy needs to be written and hard coded for what should be protected and what should be permissible and distributions policies are mostly generic.

My lab partner and I set up and maintain pretty much of all of the programs hands on infrastructure at our local uni and we have a lot of autonomy in how we set up the lab.

I currently have an entry-level understanding of many debian distros, and I would like to learn more. The way I usually go about learning is by finding a realistic project that involves the system I am curious about, then doing said project so that I am experiencing it in a practical way (e.x. I did a distributed Wazuh SIEM deployment on three Ubuntu Servers to force myself to get comfortable with the CLI. But by the end of the project I also had an operable understanding of systemd and certificate distribution). I found that I really value the indirect exposure I get that comes with this kind of learning, but the more I want to dial in on a given system the more insight I also need to properly plan a project.

I know that if I just dive right into a complex project I will inevitably pick things up along the way, which is fine. But the joy of Linux for me is that it allows me to understand a given topic online by first reading about it, then literally interact with the system to observe the actual thing happening. Linux also gives me everything I need to fix a problem which makes it invaluable for learning.

My question for anon is what they think a good project would be. I know I would benefit a lot from gaining a deeper understanding of how systemd works and I'd really love a project that exposes me to it in a way that Wazuh exposed me to systemctl and cert management (indirectly). Bonus pts if there is also extensive, authoritative, documentation on the project / involved systems.

The project I am working on right now is a simple docker-k8s deployment for a local wikipedia mirror. I am having all my hosts run Alpine so I can get a feel for OpenRC as I think that'll provide good context to sysctl before going back.

>>107981758
>Discover
Discover only lists Flatpaks on some distros so it's perfectly fine then.
>FlatHub is a 3rd party repo, lmao
You know exactly what's being discussed here, anon.
>Maybe on Arch
Ubuntu, Mint, Debian also often break if 3rd party (DEB) repos are used.

>>107981743
>So does Linux
No it doesn't. Most Linux distros don't even come with a firewall enabled let alone with an AV. And the AVs on Linux are significantly worse than Defender.
>they just have Windows Defender running in the background
Which is at least something and more than enough to protect them from most malware.

>>107981961
SELinux is just a language to describe execution flow restrictions. Fedora/RH does almost nothing with SELinux for desktop programs because it creates too many 'permission errors'. It really shines containing breaches in system services like Bluetooth, wifi, print sharing, VPN, ...

>>107981996
>Discover only lists Flatpaks on some distros
On immutables and Arch-based distros, yeah
>No it doesn't
Googling "Linux anti-virus" will yield multiple anti-virus programs

>>107982052
>On immutables and Arch-based distros, yeah
Great, so normie distros are fine.
>Googling "Linux anti-virus" will yield multiple anti-virus programs
None are pre-installed like Defender is. Most only scan for Windows malware. There's less Linux malware fingerprints in the AV databases.

>>107982052
Discover lists packages from whatever appstream files you provide it.

>>107982065
>normie distros are fine
Lmao since when was Arch a normie distro? Fedora and Ubuntu-based distros are what normies use.
>>107982086
The AppStream metadata for Arch is borked, so it doesn't work with Discover

>>107982123
>since when was Arch a normie distro
From what I can see a bunch of normies have started using CachyOS. And Manjaro was popular among normies just a few years ago. Arch itself might not be a normie distro, but the most popular distros that spawned from it are.

immutability is shit, simple as
The normification of Linux will be the end of us.

>>107982149
>Manjaro was popular among normies just a few years ago
Breakages are less of an issue on Manjaro because they hold back packages.

>>107976453
Wouldn't it be better to have only one @snapshot subvol in the root of the btrfs drive instead of having one snapshot subvol for each distro?

>>107976501
HDR is snakeoil

>>107982370
It's not though. When it's poorly implemented by the application it is though. It doesn't sound like their game is making use of it properly for whatever reason.

>>107982392
>When it's poorly implemented by the application it is though.
And don't forget the thousands of monitors marketing themselves as HDR when simply they are not.

>>107982415
Yep. You can blame VESA for that though. They should never have allowed manufacturers to market HDR10 as if it were HDR.

>>107982363
why? so that you have no choice but to snapshot/restore all your systems at once?

>>107976859
Podman is better though. Mostly because you can run rootless. Docker would have to change its whole design to be able to do the same rootless thing that podman can do.

Quick question: If I wanted to update my GPU drivers (AMD) on CachyOS, how would I go about doing that in the easiest way?

>>107976915
Just copy the default one provided by the documentations.

>>107982445
> snapshot/restore all your systems at once?
Why would you need to do that? each snapshot would be labeled with the name of which subvol its from.

>>107982457
I don't remember if AMD gpu drivers are tied to the linux-firmware package or to the kernel itself and only require the linux-firmware package for the binary blobs.

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>>107977104
I like nano, but vi seems more unix-y to me

>>107982457
pacman -Syu

>>107982476
I'm a ZFS guy, so perhaps I'm misunderstanding how snapshots work on Btrfs. My assumption was that if you snapshot in the root of the drive, you snapshot the entire content of the drive in a single snapshot, which seems excessive and undesirable.

>>107982457
>>107982490
The kernel driver is tied to the kernel. Only way to update the AMDGPU component is to update the kernel.

The firmware usually does not matter which version you have beyond sometimes the newer firmware fixing or regressing things.

For the user-space components that provide OpenGL and Vulkan, etc, you can install mesa-git from the AUR which works fine.

>>107982524
Nah btrfs doesnt do recursive snapshots and some people recommend making /var/tmp /var/log /var/cache subvols within the root subvol so that their contents don't get carried over to the snapshot (/var/tmp might not be necessary). You might also want to turn /var into an @subvol such as @var since the majority of the files in there dont really need to be snapshotted or backed up.
So what you could do is have:
distro1/@root
distro1/@var
distro2/@root
distro2/@var
@home
@snapshots
I'm not sure if you need to turn distro1 and distro2 themselves into subvols either only each @root and @var would need to be a subvol.

>>107982524
Nobody snapshots the root of the drive. Snapshots target subvolumes.

>>107982573
So then what is implied by "one @snapshot subvol in the root of the btrfs drive"?

>>107982572
>@snapshots
Right, I feel like this is where my confusion is stemming from. ZFS doesn't need a separate dataset for storing snapshots. Each snapshot is a property/attribute of the dataset itself.

>>107982524
Basically what >>107982573 said.

You will have a structure like:

| /
 | /@my_os

Then you boot with root=subvol=/@my_os and to make a snapshot you just snapshot /@my_os so then you might have a structure like:

| /
  | /@my_os
  | /@my_os-2026-01-26
  | /@my_os-2026-01-27

>>107982627
This would be if you're doing it manually of course. If you use something like snapper then you'll have a nicer structure with everything in a snapshots directory and with metadata for each snapshot (containing a date, whether it's a pre/post snapshot, a description, etc)

>>107982612
>So then what is implied by "one @snapshot subvol in the root of the btrfs drive"?
All your snapshots are stored in a directory. People usually make that directory a subvol itself so that its easy to mount. The snapshots themselves are also just directories inside that directory same with subvols they're just directories that are marked as a subvol by the filesystem. The way ZFS handles subvols and snapshots are different to how BTRFS does it.

getting tired of nixos. is gentoo good for you? i want to stay at least somewhat declarative, portage seems to be the next best thing for that without going full autismo with some retarded shit like ansible

>>107982648
>All your snapshots are stored in a directory. People usually make that directory a subvol itself so that its easy to mount. The snapshots themselves are also just directories inside that directory same with subvols they're just directories that are marked as a subvol by the filesystem.
Just reading this makes me queasy. What a mess. Any actual advantage in doing snapshots this way compared to ZFS?

>>107982795
well how does zfs do it?

>>107982839
see
>>107982612
>ZFS doesn't need a separate dataset for storing snapshots. Each snapshot is a property/attribute of the dataset itself.

>>107982855
so it's more like how windows' volume shadow copy works? it's not exposed to the VFS like btrfs snapshots are?
how do you work with them? i like being able to just browse to a snapshot directory and copy out anything i want with any tool

Why haven't winefags figured out a way to have one wine prefix for all users on a machine/a prefix I can just put into /etc/skel?

>>107983024
Just put a symlink in the home directory point ~/.wine to somewhere else. Does that work?

>>107980638
if you're on debian based distro then create
>/etc/apt/apt.conf.d/99no-bloat
and put this in it:

APT::Install-Recommends "false";
APT::Install-Suggests "false";
APT::AutoRemove::RecommendsImportant "false";
APT::AutoRemove::SuggestsImportant "false";
Acquire::Languages { "none"; }

This will make apt install only hard dependencies, and also make apt autoremove a package if it's not a hard dependency of any manually installed package

Also do
>apt-mark minimize-manual
to minimize the amount of manually installed packages.
I also figured that you could mark all "essential" or "required" packages as auto safely, since apt will never attempt to (auto)remove an essential package unless you give it the --allow-remove-essential flag:

dpkg-query -Wf '${Priority} ${Package}\n' | grep '^required' | sed 's/required //' | sudo xargs apt-mark auto

To see all manually installed packages use:

apt-mark showmanual

>>107982956
>how do you work with them?
Well, I don't need to worry about where and how to store them, so that already makes things easier to me.
They're listed as children of a dataset, they cannot be mounted as they're not datasets in their own right, only references.
You can make them "real" either by copying the snapshot to another location, or by rolling back, in which case it overwrites the current state.

>>107983024
You can use an environment variable called WINEPREFIX which points to the prefix. Why are you retarded?
>>107983053
Just another retard with inane "advice".

>>107983163
>which points to the prefix
Wineprefixes are based heavily on the path of the current user account. Don't call me retarded.

>>107983024
Because it's not a wine problem. Make a prefix somewhere, make it owned by a common group (say users), set default group ACL, make sure all your login users are in the group, and set the WINEPREFIX to that in /etc/profile.

>>107983181
They're heavily based on the exact path you set it to you fucking retard.

>>107983308
>exact path you set it to
That's the fucking problem you dipshit. That requires MANUAL work per user. How the fuck are you meant to do this shit for 1000+ users on a shared network?

>>107975442

My fellow EndeavourOS Chad. I got in on my laptop and it just werks. Which is amusing, because I installed it in the expectation that it, being an Arch fork, would break often so I would be forced to learn more about Linux.

>>107983368
Arch doesn't just randomly break. It breaks if the user does bad thing.

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>>107972561
Based edition

>>107983449
such as updoot too quickly and/or without reading the release notes

>>107983490
No, it doesn't break on updates that don't involve manual intervention. A lot of the manual intervention being neglected isn't gonna break it either. It breaks if you use the -Sy flag when installing packages for some reason.

>>107983024
It needs to writable. Bottles had plans for something like this where you'd overlay any writes but doesn't look like it went anywhere yet. I made something similar with bwrap where I had one read only prefix and then overlaid changes, but I quickly realised the benefit of doing this was minimal compared to the complexity it introduced. The overlays started bloating close to the size of a full prefix.

>>107983181
If this were the case then I wouldn't be able to use the same wineprefix in Bottles across multiple computers.

>>107983539
>updates that don't involve manual intervention
the fuck are you on about

>>107983539
>it doesn't break on updates
>manual intervention required
>It breaks if you use the -Sy flag
So it does break?

>>107983667
-Sy is not a pacman flag you should ever use.
If you're installing a package, you should use -S or -Syu
Why would you use a flag that does bad things? It's like using Syyu. It exists but why would you ever use it if you don't know why you're using it? This is user error, nobody with a clue ever tells you to install your packages using -Sy.

>>107983624
Any update on Arch which doesn't involve manual intervention, so the vast majority of them. Do you have issue with understanding English or something?

I've been playing around with Linux for a bit, and I noticed a lot of my games seem to run better over Proton than natively. Is there any particular reason for this? Should I just have all my games run through the Proton compatibility layer?

>>107983791
Are you comparing Linux native games to Windows versions of same game on Proton? Linux native games tend to have pretty poor optimization and are poorly maintained a lot of the time.

>>107983810
>Are you comparing Linux native games to Windows versions of same game on Proton?
Yeah, pretty much. So far, everything I've ran has ran better over Proton. Actually, is there a way to force every game to run over Proton? I have to set it manually for each game, so a way to have it run over Proton automatically would be nice.

>>107983791
Developers don't care about Linux performance because 95% of their players are on Windows. Why waste additional time optimizing for the 5%?

>>107983539
>>107983731
>No, it doesn't break
any update can break anything on any distro. this is especially true for Arch.

>>107983959
Can. Yes, it can. Theoretically. It just doesn't.
Theoretically a meteor can fall on your head and kill you 20 seconds from now.

>>107982795
>What a mess
I thought it was kind of simpler by just making everything a browsable directory and btrfs handling the differences between subvols and snapshots etc under the hood

>>107984418
I can see the utility in being able to actually inspect and interact with the contents of a snapshot, without having to clone/restore it first. However, I still think I prefer the logic of snapshots being just an abstract element inside an existing dataset, that don't really "exist" until/unless you need them.

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Any music players on Linux with cool visualisations like the old Windows Media Player had?

>>107984017
>It just doesn't.
Whatever you say, Anonymous.

>>107983163
Friendly thread.

>>107983366
You can use pam_env to set environment variables for individual users.

>>107984891
>>107983366
Although, do you really want 1000+ users to share a Wine prefix on a network? What are you even trying to do?

>>107978501
For VMs I used cloud-init in the pas for work. For relatively simple configs it worked ok.

>>107984891
If I do that, will all of these conditions be satisfied?
>There is a common pool of applications across all users
>For a given user, Wine will access THEIR home folder

>>107982415
The fuck does that have to do with actual HDR monitors?
>i can't buy a real one so it must be a scam

>>107984959
Jesus. Wine prefix = virtual windows installation. It also stores specific wine settings.
It is not tied to a specific user.
You are just utterly clueless, perhaps read some documentation.
You can also run wine binaries (or replace them with something else) from anywhere you like.
By setting up couple of environment variables...

>>107984959
Have you even tried what happens in your prefix (specific with WINEPREFIX) under drive_c/users and use a different user?
No you haven't because you don't even use wine but just waste other people's time.

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>>107985010
>It is not tied to a specific user
Have you read through the wine .reg before, fucker? Don't call me clueless when you are so confidently a stupid cunt. LOOK. And when a wine prefix is first created, it even creates a folder with your account's username, containing symlinks to specific paths (you guessed it: folders under your account).

>>107983919
Linux is hard to target with closed source products by design, so it's hard to complain. wine is just a stable ABI for games at this point. It has the neat side effect of denying Microsoft control over their own programming interfaces. While studios won't target wine specifically, neither will they give up 5% sales by requiring APIs that don't work on wine.

>>107985066
Not him but I believe you can edit all of that to point to somewhere else.
What are you trying to do though? You still didn't explain why you need 1000+ users on a network all to access the exact same Wine prefix. This is such a stupid problem to have.

>>107985046
>and use a different user?
Are you asking me to log in to another account on Linux, and attempt to use the same wine prefix? Because wine isn't going to automatically create a new user folder in the prefix for this other account.

>>107978523
/hsg/ is just a bunch of tech illiterate windows users who cant use linux unless its some bloated server distro with a webgui

>>107978501
What's wrong with Ansible? I use it just fine to manage my OpenWRT config. It's probably overkill for a laptop but should work fine.

>>107985010
Its tied to a specific user due to how file permissions and ownership work on linux

>>107985161
>You still didn't explain why you need 1000+ users on a network all to access the exact same Wine prefix
Why do 1000+ users on any network need access to the same programs?
>This is such a stupid problem to have
No it isn't? If what I am looking to achieve isn't possible, then that means Wine deployments are NOT able to be automated. If what I am looking to achieve isn't possible, then it means manually tinkering with paths and installing applications et cetera by hand for all users. Fuck that! I wish I could just put a wine prefix (or a symlink to one) in /etc/skel that will do the work itself every time a new user is created.

>>107985225
You can script your own Wine prefix creation in Bash if that's all your looking to do. You don't need some elaborate shared prefix.

>>107985249
Which means unnecessary file duplication. 1000+ copies of a program on the same network just so everyone can have their own wine prefix!

>>107985273
Does your machine not have a hard drive or something? I imagine lock contention can be a real issue with you sharing a Wine prefix over a network with 1000+ users.

>>107985225
I had this same issue when I tried making a "just werks" Debian image for my friends—I gave up when I realised I simply could not have wine be fully preconfigured out of the box.

>>107985285
>>107985273
This is what Copilot slop thinks by the way:
https://copilot.microsoft.com/shares/dee94YqCkbenHxFwhZNVe

Its idea of using overlay fs is a good one if you can make that work.

Have a read-only Wine prefix shared on the network
Overlay fs with that share as the bottom layer and somewhere else writeable on the system
Edit any hardcoded paths (e.g

find ~/.wine -type f -exec sed -i "s/THE_WINE_USER/$USER/g" {} \;

)

>>107983366
You're not because only one wineserver process can use the same prefix. You'd have to rig something where it runs in a container with a filesystem overlay, or overlay mounts on each machine.
>MANUAL work per user
If you can't AUTOMATE this kind of work, you have no business administrating 1k+ users. It's not my fault your retarded ass took a job it wasn't remotely qualified for.

>>107980117
>Also this does not disable HDR, otherwise it'd be pointless. This disables tonemapping SDR content.
Excellent. That's what I need I think.
>You need to add it as an environment variable system wide and restart.
How do I do this? Explain it step by step as if you were guiding a monkey.

>>107985398
There's multiple ways to set environment variables but the easiest is probably to set it in /etc/environment since it probably won't matter if this variable is set for all users.

Just don't forget to undo it once KDE fixes the bug.

>>107984959
Not the answer you're looking for but arch does have a few packages on the aur for installing wine programs system-wide so you might find something from there that could help.
https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Wine_package_guidelines

>>107985361
>wine is specifically designed to be non-deployable (the developers have stated this multiple times)
>this means I'm a retard who should not be an admin
Sure, I could make a script that creates a .wine folder for all users. Sure, I could make a script that changes the paths for all the wine symlinks to be applicable for the given user. Sure, I could make a script that seds into the wine registries to be applicable for the given user. And sure, I could make a script that runs all the aforementioned scripts during account creation.

But the question is why the fuck would I want to do that? You're calling me stupid because I don't enjoy hacky solutions? People unsurprisingly like it when their tools just fucking work and I want some confidence that this shit isn't just going to break. If people on the network need to use Windows programs, that functionality should be just as deployable as any Linux program.

>>107985450
If you need confidence that this works you build a test suite to test your deployments. Don't just trust your retarded ass to get it right validate that.

>>107985469
>>107985450
And don't go thinking scripts are "hacky solutions" either. You should change your mindset. Even on Windows administrators will often run CMD batch scripts or PowerShell scripts on login.

>>107985450
>designed to be non-deployable
I could deploy it to 1k+ machines in the time you've wasted bitching about it here, or at least have a pretty good test suite up. You're just lacking basic competences.

>>107985536
If that were true then you would've given a solution in the meantime. Please stop being confidently wrong.

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I've installed Linux for the first time of my life a few days ago on my second ssd. I used Windows all my life since XP. I'm not super tech savy and my usage is extremely basic (mostly gaming, movies and writing) so I never bothered with Windows though it became more and more annoying over the years.
I picked Mint because it seemed it was the most straightforward and stable. Bazzite was the obvious choice but I trusted Mint more since I heard of it for so long.
The install process was straightforward and easy. Mint is pretty much a mix between older android versions and Windows 7 I would say.
I was surprised to see that not only the game I was currently playing on Steam worked well but also that all clouds were transferred. Another pleasant surprise was that all the files from my windows drive are still readable. I had a backup and didn't even have to use it thanks to that.
There are a few softwares that I miss from windows, such as crystaldisk and AMD Adrenalin (I run amd cpu and gpu). I found alternatives but I don't like them. I've yet to try older pc games and emulation
Also the multi screen setup is plain awful. I haven't found a way to have the taskbar on my second screen, and by that I mean duplicate it. I can't get my monitor to 180hz like it supposed to and fullscreen games generally are a bit annoying as they tend to start on the wrong screen no matter what I do. I was a bit surprised to see that the middle button was actually used to paste and not scroll. I could go on. So a lot of little annoying things, but no big issue so far. I did a snapshot just in case.
Any general advice? I'm not huge on customization and I don't really want to spend too much time bothering with that but any advice is still welcome.

>>107985560
Dude this isn't something you can get a two line ragebait solution for. Just go tell your boss you can't do the job before this turns into an even bigger disaster.

>>107985613
>Also the multi screen setup is plain awful.
Blame Mint and X11
>I can't get my monitor to 180hz like it supposed to
If you are using nvidia to have to makke sure the correct drivers and installed and running, run in the terminal
nvidia-smi

>>107985660
I'm using AMD, both gpu and cpu

>qt5-webengine

What's the best way to update this shit?
Compilation takes ages and slows my PC and I have a decent PC. Should I pass some flag to paru in order to take full system resources and speed it up, or should I do something else?

>>107985696
Are you using HDMI? Change to displayport

>>107985708
Nuke it from orbit along with the rest of Qt5. Why do you still have it?

>>107985732
No idea I thought it was part of Brave

>>107985613
Mint is an archaic and outdated distro made by hobbyists and for hobbyists. You can't expect it to support multiple monitors properly.

>>107985715
I'm using display port on the screen that's supposed to be 180hz. But that's not the biggest issue, I wouldn't be able to tell the difference between 165 and 180 anyway.

>>107985744
Nope. Maybe you have something (old, deprecated, unmaintained?) that depends on it still? I'd try to get rid of it and see if anything complains.

>>107985760
Huh, I just removed it. I'll reboot and see what happens. Thanks anon.

>>107985753
> made by hobbyists and for hobbyists
Isn't that pretty much the case for all Linux distros?

Trying to install on a new computer using live usb. Upon trying to launch the live environment, the screen goes black for a second then kicks me right back to the grub menu, no error message or anything. Any of you know what might be wrong?

>>107985422
again, cool but can you give retard proof steps to follow?

>>107985807
Exceptions being Ubuntu, OpenSuse, RHEL, Pop OS (maybe).
But yeah, Linux systems are mostly just hobbyist tinkerer stuff apart from the aforementioned (not that there’s anything wrong with that)

>>107986073
Run

kate admin:///etc/environment

paste

KWIN_DISABLE_TONEMAPPING=1

into it.
Save then reboot the system.

>>107986103
Thank you, I will see if this works for me, when I have time to deal with this.

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>install distro
>start to feel "dirty" after a few months of installing various packages and dependencies
>get urge to reinstall
>repeat process
Why am I like this...