What do the French at /int/ think of the symbol of the 2024 Paris Olympics being the French character Shermie from The King of Fighters?
BTW How popular is KOF in France?
>>200224847She dresses like a whore, perfect fit for France.
>>200224891It's not just because of how she dresses, but her hair color too, especially historically and in mythology. Today's red-haired women are more promiscous, than women of other hair colors. Red-haired people were hated through history wherever they were and were frequently associated with degeneracy, promiscuity, moral decay and even "the devil". The succubus were Neanderthal-like (Trolls, Dwarves, Ogres, Elves etc. were all real humanoids with Neanderthal-like traits) women, who were tempting men to have sex with them.
>>200225360https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9746287/>Redheaded women are more sexually active than other women, but it is probably due to their suitors>Women with red hair color, i.e., 1–9% of female Europeans, tend to be the subject of various stereotypes about their sexually liberated behavior. The aim of the present case–control study was to explore whether a connection between red hair color and sexual behavior really exists using data from 110 women (34% redheaded) and 93 men (22% redheaded). Redheadedness in women, correlated with various traits related to sexual life, namely with higher sexual desire as measured by Revised Sociosexual Orientation Inventory, with higher sexual activity and more sexual partners of the preferred gender over the past year, earlier initiation of sexual life, and higher sexual submissiveness. Structural equation modelling, however, showed that sexual desire of redheaded women mediated neither their higher sexual activity nor their higher number of sexual partners. These results indirectly indicate that the apparently more liberated sexual behavior in redheaded women could be the consequence of potential mates’ frequent attempts to have sex with them. Our results contradicted the three other tested models, specifically the models based on the assumption of different physiology, faster life history strategy, and altered self-perception of redheaded women induced by stereotypes about them. Naturally, the present study cannot say anything about the validity of other potential models that were not subjects of testing>Human redheadedness is determined by the quantity, ratio, and distribution of the two main types of the pigment melanin: eumelanin and pheomelanin. In European populations, its expression is controlled mainly by the MC1R gene (Valverde et al., 1995; Lin and Fisher, 2007; Han et al., 2008)
>>200225394>About 1–9% of Europeans have red hair, with the highest prevalence in Great Britain (Katsara and Nothnagel, 2019). Similar to other minorities, redheaded people are subjected to various stereotypes (Heckert and Best, 1997). Redheaded women are thought of as being more temperamental than other women (Weir and Fine-Davis, 1989; Heckert and Best, 1997; Swami and Barrett, 2011; Harvey, 2015; Ayres and Maier, 2021) and, unlike redheaded men, they are often stereotyped as sexy, passionate, sexually liberated, or promiscuous (Heckert and Best, 1997; O'Regan, 2014; Anderson, 2015; Harvey, 2015; Thornburg, 2020; Ayres and Maier, 2021). The existence of these stereotypes has been in the scientific literature documented only via indirect evidence, such as depictions of redheaded women in literature or the visual arts (Harvey, 2015; Ayres and Maier, 2021), eventually from interviews with individual respondents (Heckert and Best, 1997). In scientific literature, data regarding associations between red hair and traits related to sexual life are also nearly absent. There are only studies showing higher self-reported lifelong number of sexual partners in redheaded women (Frost et al., 2017), association between genetically predicted later age at first sexual intercourse and redheadedness in both sexes (Day et al., 2016), and no connection between self-reported sexual desire and redheadedness in either gender (Flegr and Sýkorová, 2019). All these papers, however, primarily focused on different topics. The nature and cause of a possible relation between red hair and sexual behavior in women therefore deserves a closer look>Based on available scientific literature, we propose five principally distinct possible explanations of the potentially liberated sexual behavior in redheaded women
>>200225432>The hypothetical higher sexual activity of redheaded women could be either the result of their higher sexual desire or of a higher demand on the part of potential mates who prefer redheaded women or believe that redheaded women are more sexually permissive. If higher sexual desire of redheaded women were indeed responsible for their liberated sexual behavior, manifesting for instance in higher sexual activity or early initiation of sexual life, one would expect redheaded women to exhibit one of the following: (1) a difference in physiology, e.g., higher estrogen concentrations; (2) a faster life history strategy, possibly induced by worse health that would shorten life expectancy and likely reproductive period; (3) their altered self-perception with internalized belief in stereotypes about redheads. If the higher sexual activity of redheaded women were the result of higher demand for women with red hair, it could be either (4) a direct passive response of redheaded women to current courtship of potential mates, or (5) indirect, partly or fully active, response of redheaded women to past courtship of potential mates>The first model supposes that redheaded women have on average higher sexual desire and sexual activity than non-redheaded women due to some molecular mechanism that affects both the expression of red hair in women and their sexual behavior. The most probable candidate is prenatal estrogen. It has been shown that women with a high 2D:4D digit ratio, which indicates exposure to a higher level of prenatal estrogen (Manning et al., 1998), report higher sex drive, higher sociosexual desire, and easier attainment of sexual excitement (Manning and Fink, 2008; Varella et al., 2014)
>>200225463>Because red hair color generally seems to occur more frequently in women than in men (Shekar et al., 2008; Frost et al., 2017; Flegr and Sýkorová, 2019), Frost et al. (2017) suggested that prenatal estrogen, which is specific to female development, contributes to the expression of red hair during prenatal development and might be responsible for the sex difference in the frequency of redheadedness. Conversely, a study by Voracek et al. (2007) found that prenatal estrogen, as indirectly indicated by 2D:4D digit ratio, was not associated with lighter hair colors. Still, that study did not examine an association between estimated prenatal estrogen and red hair color specifically, because red hair color was treated merely as one of the dark colors of hair. The sex difference in expression of red hair phenotype is, however, supported by a twin study which showed that in four of five twin pairs discordant in red hair color, the females were redheaded and males non-redheaded (Box et al., 1997)>The second model suggests that higher sexual desire of redheaded women could be due to their switch from a slow to a faster life strategy, which could occur in response to poorer health. Redheaded people, especially women, tend to have worse health (Frost et al., 2017; Flegr and Sýkorová, 2019) and are more likely to suffer from certain diseases including cancer, endometriosis, and Parkinson’s disease (Bliss et al., 1995; Woodworth et al., 1995; Missmer et al., 2006; Gao et al., 2009; Scherer and Kumar, 2010; Tell-Marti et al., 2015; Chen et al., 2017). It has been described how in reaction to impaired health, which reduces adult life expectancy and therefore also the length of the reproductive period, individuals tend to shift to a faster life history strategy, which manifests itself as earlier reproduction or having a higher number of children (Waynforth, 2012; Chua et al., 2017)
>>200225663>A recent study has moreover shown that poor health is associated not only with an earlier start of reproduction but also with an earlier initiation of sexual life in women and higher sexual desire in both women and men (Sýkorová and Flegr, 2021). At the same time, redheaded people have more children (Frost et al., 2017), which would suggest an explanation based on a faster life strategy. It is possible that the faster life strategy of redheaded people could be partly indicated even at a prenatal stage by some physiological parameters which signalize a higher likelihood of future worse health. It has been shown, after all, that the link between red hair and worse health has a genetic component (Han et al., 2006). Rh-negativity, another genetic factor predisposing to worse health, has also been suggested as a factor that can lead to adoption of a faster life strategy (Sýkorová and Flegr, 2021)>The third model proposes that redheaded women have higher sexual desire and are sexually more permissive because the stereotypes about their sexual behavior have altered their self-perception. In this process, an initially incorrect attribution assigned by others can be internalized by the target person who then changes their self-perception to conform to the initially erroneous belief (Snyder and Swann, 1978; Darley and Fazio, 1980; McNulty and Swann, 1994; Scherr et al., 2011). Based on such process of change in self-perception, redheaded women themselves could be internally convinced of the validity of the stereotypical social labelling, which would then lead to their actual higher sexual desire>The fourth model puts potential mates, usually men, in the active role in explaining the association between women’s redheadedness and their higher sexual activity
>>200226178>If men preferred redheaded women or, based on prevailing stereotypes, anticipated greater likelihood of success in their attempts to have sex with women with red hair, they would do so relatively more frequently. It would automatically lead to a higher sexual activity and a higher number of sexual partners of redheaded women even if their sexual desire was average or even lower than average>The existence of male preference for redheaded women and an evolutionary explanation for it have been suggested already by Frost (2006). According to his hypothesis, during the last ice ages in northern Europe, a shortage of males – caused by a higher male mortality rate in such a harsh environment – forced women to compete for mates. Under a higher pressure of sexual selection, the newly emerged light eye and hair colors ensured their female bearers higher levels of attention from potential mates and thus an advantage on the mating market. As a result, this rare-color advantage led to diversification of hair and eye coloring, including red hair phenotype. Frost et al. (2017) also assumed that the current frequency of hair colors in the population, where the prevalence of red hair is low, had stabilized and there is now an equilibrium between the rare-color advantage and the impaired health of people with red hair (Flegr and Sýkorová, 2019). Male preference for red, the rarest hair color, was not supported in several studies (Lawson, 1971; Clayson and Maughan, 1976; Feinman and Gill, 1978; Clayson and Maughan, 1986; Clayson and Klassen, 1989; Swami and Barrett, 2011; Guéguen, 2012). It was, however, partly supported by Wortham et al. (2018) who showed that red hair was preferred over other hair colors more frequently than expected based on the prevalence of redheads in the studied population (men preferred red hair 6% of the time, while only 3% of the female population were redheads)
>>200226862>Given such imbalance between supply and demand, it seems that individual redheaded women should be preferred by potential mates twice more than would be proportionate to the prevalence of natural redheadedness in the female population. On the other hand, we must keep in mind that women can offset the demand by dyeing their hair red. Our unpublished data collected on 5,348 Czech women found 2.15% natural redheads and 8.73% of women who dye their hair red. Nevertheless, not all dyeing techniques can (or try to) simulate natural redheadedness, which is why it remains unclear to what extent artificial redheads affect the current or past disbalance between supply and demand for naturally redheaded women. It might also be hypothesised that for a substantive fraction of men, perceived attractiveness is not as important as the anticipated sexual permissiveness>To test this model in the future, it would be useful to explore the sexual behavior of women who have red body hair but are not redheaded. This would differentiate between active sexual behavior of women with red hair on the one hand and behavior that is a passive consequence of mating efforts of potential suitors and prejudices about redheaded women on the other hand. We could not conduct this investigation because our sample unfortunately contained only six non-redheaded women with red body hair. Another useful approach would be to test whether naturally non-redheaded women with their hair and eyebrows dyed red are approached by men more often than when they wear their natural hair and eyebrow color. To test the proposed explanation according to which the prevailing stereotypes about more permissive redheaded women could be responsible for the observed association, future studies ought to explore men’s motives for approaching redheaded women as well as the motives of women with other hair colors for having sex
bump for french reply
>>200227744>Our analyses do not support the third model, which aimed to explain higher sexual activity and sexual desire in redheaded women by their changed self-perception. Because higher sexual desire did not mediate sexual activity in redheaded women, it is unlikely that their increased sexual activity is due to an altered self-concept that incorporates an internal conviction about the validity of stereotypes about permissive redheads. In the present study, however, we collected no data on redheaded women’s self-perception. As mentioned above, it is also possible that redheaded women have other motives for their more liberated sexual behavior apart from sexual desire – and these motives could be part of their self-concept>We could neither prove nor disprove the fifth model, which suggests that the higher sexual activity of redheaded women is the result of a mechanism of social feedback. Based on our results, redheaded women might, in response to earlier experience with mating efforts, mostly made by males, consider higher sexual activity a social norm and react more positively in interaction with potential mates or even initiate sexual activity themselves. But to decide whether this mechanism applies, one would have to explore women’s individual motivations and opinions related to sexual behavior exhibited by women with and without red hair>Although large cross-sectional internet studies showed worse health of redheaded individuals (Frost et al., 2017; Flegr and Sýkorová, 2019), our data did not find this pattern. We have no explanation for the absence of this effect except that our laboratory experiments may have attracted a different subpopulation, namely people of lower age and in better physical and mental health (Flegr et al., 2020b)
>>200225394>>200225432>>200225463>>200225663>>200226178>>200226862>>200227744>>200227934I ain’t readin’ allat
>>200227934>A study made with the same sample of participants as the present study found that compared to non-redheaded individuals, redheaded subjects have higher concentrations of calcidiol, the precursor of vitamin D, and their concentration of calcidiol seems independent of the intensity of sun exposure or protection from solar radiation (Flegr et al., 2020b). That study suggested that people with red hair need less sun exposure to achieve satisfactory levels of vitamin D than non-redheaded people do. As a result, redheaded people might enjoy better health during some parts of the year, namely during autumn, winter, and spring, when the amount of UV-radiation in higher latitudes is low. At the same time, most health problems in redheaded individuals (oncological and gynaecological diseases, heart and vascular system problems, metabolic problems or fertility problems, and the like) are more common in older, rather than young people. The mean age of participants of the present study (27.3 in women and 31.8 in men) was lower than that of respondents of previous studies exploring health in redheaded people (for instance, 32.9 and 34.6 in females and 35.1 and 36.8 in males in Frost et al. (2017) and Flegr and Sýkorová (2019), respectively). The lower mean age of the present sample therefore might be why we did not find that redheaded subjects suffer from worse health>The main limitation of this study is that the participants did not form a random, representative sample of the Czech population. We suppose that subjects who took part in the laboratory investigation may have been exposed to a sieve effect, forming a group of rather altruistic, active people in good physical and mental condition. On the other hand, whenever people have the option of refusing to participate in a study, that is, in all studies performed in accordance with the widely accepted ethical standards, the issue of non-representativeness of a sample is always present
>>200224847>tf >tp
>>200228112>In any case, the observed results should be verified in future by using some more representative data, for instance collected by an internet questionnaire, or by repeating the study on other samples that would not be self-selected for better health or altruism>Another problem of the present study is the relatively low number of male participants, which may have led to false negative results for some analyses on this subset. Most associations observed in men were non-significant and the size of all effects was lower than in women. On the other hand, the size of many formally non-significant effects was relatively high, and one path analysis model for men revealed a significant positive effect of redheadedness on sexual desire. The absence of evidence of the effects of redheadedness in men therefore should not be interpreted as a non-existence of those effects>It is fair to mention some limitations of the statistical methods used in this study. As mentioned above, the absence of statistical evidence for the existence of an effect is not a proof of its non-existence. Specifically, the path analysis did not find any evidence of a mediating role of increased sexual desire in the effect of redheadedness on sexual activity. In fact, the strength of the indirect (mediated) effect of redheadedness on sexual activity was much lower than the strength of the direct one. However, the observed differences in the strengths of direct and indirect effects could be caused not only by a real difference in effect strengths but also by differences in the precision of measurement of variables in the model. If, for example, women were willing to truthfully report the frequency of their sexual activity but reluctant to truthfully report the intensity of their sexual desire, then any statistical method, including path analysis, would necessarily underestimate the power of any mediating effect of sexual desire
>>200228905>Finally, it should be noted that we tested the validity of just five models from a much larger set of all theoretically possible models. Our study seems to contradict three models and to support the other two, which naturally does not prove their validity. In fact, it is well possible that some model we did not test could be responsible for the observed associations. Specifically, sexual desire is not the only proximate reason for active initiation of sexual activities. There are many other own motives for having sex beyond sexual desire, including stress reduction, experience seeking, self-esteem boosting, striving to increase social status, seeking revenge, pursuit of resources, or pursuit of practical benefits (Meston and Buss, 2007; Meston et al., 2020). In this study, we did not ask about the reasons why redheaded women engage in sexual activities. Therefore, we cannot exclude the possibility that redheaded women actively participate in initiation of sexual activities for reasons which are not related to sexual desire>The results of this study suggest that redheaded women exhibit higher sexual desire, higher sexual activity, higher number of sexual partners, an earlier initiation of sexual life, and a higher level of sexual submissiveness. However, sexual desire does not seem to mediate the more liberated sexual behavior in redheaded women in our data. We therefore propose that an explanation of the observed association between redheadedness and certain characteristics of sexual behavior in women might be found in the stereotypical social labelling of redheaded women as being more sexually permissive, which might encourage potential mates to try and have sex with them. In the process of forming this association, redheaded women can either affirmatively respond to the courtship of potential mates or, alternatively, consider frequent sexual activities a social norm and actively initiate sexual interactions themselves
