>>16472333
>neurodevelopmental disorders
Problem is that neurodevelopmental is just a fancy word for developmental, with the neuro- part falsely implicating neurology where they can't prove it.
The term "developmental disability" is nothing other than a codeword, fancy word, for any condition that appears during childhood and that significantly impacts learning, socializing (socialization which legally means nothing other than adherence to established socio-economic norms), emotional regulation etc. I don't know if either adhd or autism really fulfill the established criteria here since they are little more than lists of traits that are interpreted as symptoms of some disease. You could, however, do that with any childhood condition, rendering the term developmental disability non-sensical.
>which aren't always present from birth?
Are ADHD and autism always present from birth? I was under the impression, they weren't. For autism, I also remember that well into the '90s, the sudden onset of autism in previously normal children was an accepted manifestation of the "thing".
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, btw, are often regarded as neurodevelopmental disorders too since both issues seem to be founded on some unexpressed childhood pathology.
(Although to be frank, none of these things like ADHD, autism, schizophrenia etc. really exist as physical things out there. They're metaphors)

Either way, the conditions usually regarded as neurodiverse are Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia, Dyscalculia, Dyspraxia (originally, that term was reserved for brain damage cases). Probably Tourette's too, but that is variously interpreted as an actual neurological disease (despite clear biological markers missing). Also, Tourette's seems to be subject to spreading by social contagion which is more a thing with easily fakeable psychological issues.

>>16472511
>Dyscalculia
my mom has this but she says it's from doing too many drugs as a teenager
i guess the difference is things like ocd, schizophrenia, or dyscalculia can be "acquired" but something like autism is due to your brain literally being shaped differently

>>16472508
>none of these things like ADHD, autism, schizophrenia etc. really exist as physical things out there
i noticed you didnt include ocd in that. ocd cant even be treated with medication its real. as far as schizophrenia , its ability to be triggered by thc and other drugs makes me believe it is physical and a hardware defect.

>>16472333
I can only speak as someone who has OCD, but my brain literally feels wired differently, similar to autism or ADHD. I don't just experience OCD every day, I also feel like I have an entirely obsessive-compulsive way of thinking (which of course also allows me to excel in certain areas).

>>16472333
1. Where did it come from?
A sociologist invented the term and a journalist popularized that term in the 90s.

Sociologically speaking, "diversity" is the range of differences between people.

By extension, "neurodiversity" is the range of differences between people's brain functions and behavior.

Source: https://specialisternefoundation.com/autism-neurodiversity/


2. What is it?
Clinicians use The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) to diagnose mental disorders. We could use that as a reference manual for what diversity exist in human brain function.

DSM version 3 initially defined the field of study as "Developmental disorders"

Then in DSM version 5, they introduced a new umbrella definition: “Neurodevelopmental disorders” (NDDs).

"NDDs are defined as a group of conditions with onset in the developmental period, inducing deficits that produce impairments of functioning. NDDs comprise intellectual disability (ID); Communication Disorders; Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD); Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD); Neurodevelopmental Motor Disorders, including Tic Disorders; and Specific Learning Disorders."

Source: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7365295/

TL;DR: Originally a sociological term which has recently been expanded upon by clinicians to include bad stuff that happens to your brain. Stuff that impairs you brain function in different ways.

>>16473040
>NDDs are defined as a group of conditions with onset in the developmental period, inducing deficits that produce impairments of functioning
A lack of evidence of any condition that induces deficits. Since terms like ADHD or autism are nothing but lists of deficits, a deficit can't cause itself.
>Impairment of functioning
A socially laden term, since functioning is likely measured in terms of cost-volume-profit analyses.

>>16472513
>autism is due to your brain literally being shaped differently
You missed my point above >>16472508
then.
There is no evidence of autism being produced by a differently shaped brain.
It's neuro junk science. It compares well to the aggressively pushed studies showing ADHD brains lighting up differently which have then been used to convince the public that ADHD must be real. Similarly, many "ADHD specialists" have come to utilize brain scan technics that, upon close expectation by actual neurologists, turned out to be pure trash.

>>16473534
ADHD is definitely real, just heavily overdiagnosed

>>16472333
>neurodevelopmental disorders
Neurodivergent and neurodevelopmental are different things. And even those terms dont have strict, legal meanings.

Id say there are few proven neurological disorders, and even fewer with an origin that can be traced back to development. However I suppose tourettes syndrome is most applicable if any.