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Users of all levels are welcome to ask questions about GNU/Linux and share experiences.

*** Please be civil, notice the "Friendly" in every Friendly GNU/Linux Thread ***

Before asking for help, please check our list of resources.

If you would like to try out GNU/Linux you can do one of the following:
0) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice in a Virtual Machine.
1) Install a GNU/Linux distribution of your choice on bare metal and run your previous OS in a Virtual Machine.
2) Use a live image and to boot directly into the GNU/Linux distribution without installing anything.
3) Go balls deep and replace everything with GNU/Linux.

Resources: Please spend at least a minute to check a web search engine with your question.
Many free software projects have active mailing lists.


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>>
>>107735725
>You lose 50% of the storage space since all data is duplicated

Yup that makes sense, I meant more like hypothetically if I had a pool of storage using RAID, the usage size is limited to the smallest drive in the pool. From what I've read so far that's only the case for stuff like RAID5, etc.? Like I said I only plan on using raid1 on identical drive sizes.

In regards to btrfs: I assume that'd it'd use the matching drives (8+8) (16+16) as raid 1 pairs, and present the pair as individual devices that are then added to the pool for 24tb total, but I figured I would ask to be 100% sure.

>>107735848
>btrfs has a lot fewer restrictions about adding new disks and rotating out old ones out
I think I'll do btrfs then.

>>107735848
>it's not out of tree
I didn't know what this meant so I googled it.
Is the issue here mainly that the out of tree module developers are at the whim of the upstream kernel developers, and shit can break at any time? So BTRFS would just be more reliable since Debian supports it naturally?
>>
I recently bought a windows 8 era laptop with a pretty bad pentium and 4gb of ram. I was wondering what distro would be the best purely on the basis of getting the most performance out of the laptop. I'm basically a complete novice at using linux, but windows 10 ltsc isnt cutting it so I figured its time to branch out and try something new.
>>
>>107736569
start with Mint XFCE
>>
>>107736577
Don't do this, Mint is extremely cumbersome
>>107736569
You've got more than enough horsepower for any distro with the KDE Plasma 6 desktop environment, which will give you basically the Windows GUI except without eating up all your RAM. If you're not interested in tinkering, there's several choices! The question is what sort of update frequency do you want?
>I want updates very, very, very rarely
Go with Debian KDE
>I want updates maybe once a week or month
Go with Manjaro KDE
>I want updates ASAP
CachyOS if and only if your CPU supports x86_64_v3

I too had to install Linux on an old laptop and worried that I needed to install a lightweight distro. So I did, only to discover I had a comically large amount of headroom lol. Windows trains you into believing your hardware is inadequate when it is not. So I put a Plasma distro on this bitch and it's been smooth sailing ever since. In the Linux world, lightweight doesn't mean it'll run on a 10yo laptop, but a 20yo laptop, so I doubt you will find yourself stretched thin on the CPU side with Plasma. But if that does end up being the case, consider using the Xfce desktop environment instead.
>>
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>>107735984
>I mean everything is harder on linux
???
>I am now trying to install brave on fedora 43
There's multiple ways. First is this from the website; you paste this into the terminal and you are done:
sudo dnf install dnf-plugins-core

sudo dnf config-manager addrepo --from-repofile=https://brave-browser-rpm-release.s3.brave.com/brave-browser.repo

sudo dnf install brave-browser

The second way is you download the Brave Flatpak from your preferred app store. I believe there may also be an .rpm installers you can download from the GitHub, but don't quote me on that.

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Holy shit, there's a FOSS reverse engineered operating system based on windows when it was good (up through 7). This is the perfect solution, nobody has to use winjeet 10 and nobody has to use linux. Why isn't anyone talking about this? It's been under steady development so it's likely going to be finished soon.
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>>
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>>107736641
>whoah !, anonz !
>i found a worse windows 2000 remake with more security holes than my macbook !
>a project stuck stale for over 15 years
> plus russian backdoors
gee, anon !
Make it your daily driver, it's not as if you had anything to hide except your loli porn ...
>>
I've filtered all of these faggot anime pictures because all they do is spam and pretend to be smug while shitposting.
>>107736705
That doesn't make any sense at all. It looks like it's on track to release by 2030.
>>
>>107736641
>Why isn't anyone talking about this?
Because it doesn't work.
>>
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>>107736729
>I've filtered everyone making fun of me
Many such cases
>all they do is pretend to be smug
We're not pretending and we haven't even reached levels of smug that are normal
>ready by 2030
LMAO

t. ReactOS and wine developer
>>
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Just so we're clear. The only reason ReactOS exists is for testing shit we want to add to wine. The only reason wine gets any development is because a few of us want to ensure we can continue running eroge and VNs that are no longer supported by modern versions of Windows.

I repeat: We do not give two fucks about your AAA games or shit like photoshop. If something like that does run after you pull in a bunch of .dlls it's a happy accident.

We don't even care about Linux if I'm being honest. I only continue working on wine because it still works on NetBSD and FreeBSD. Mostly the first because that's what my friends overseas that hook me up with old discs for testing run on their machines that aren't old PC-98 clones.

I hope I haven't broken your spirit.

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>>
>>107731356
never forgot about it.
used it to show my friends how cool linux was back in 00's
>>
i had a script that when this motherfucker crashed it restarted it
>>
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>>107731356
??
Compiz is not needed. This effect is called "Unstable Windows" in KDE config

>>107734733
The Cube desktop switcher is there also.
>>
>>107735342
Compositing ended the era of responsive UI and ushered in the era of lag.
>>
Watching videos of Compiz (red matrix wallpaper) on YouTube in 2008 was my introduction to desktop Linux. I thought it was an OS from the future.

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iot edition

previous: >>107688227

READ THE (temp)WIKI! & help by contributing:
https://igwiki.lyci.de/wiki/Home_server

/hsg/ is about learning and expanding your horizons. Know all about NAS? Learn virtualization. Spun up some VMs? Learn about networking by standing up a OPNsense/PFsense box and configuring some VLANs. There's always more to learn and chances to grow. Think you’re god-tier already? Setup OpenStack and report back.

>What software should I run?
Install Gentoo. Or whatever flavor of *nix is best for the job or most comfy for you. Jellyfin/Emby/Plex to replace Netflix, Nextcloud to replace Googlel, Ampache/Navidrome to replace Spotify, the list goes on. Look at the awesome self-hosted list and ask.

>Why should I have a home server?
De-botnet your life. Learn something new. Serving applications to yourself, your family, and your frens feels good. Put your tech skills to good use for yourself and those close to you. Store their data with proper availability redundancy and backups and serve it back to them with a /comfy/ easy to use interface.


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>>
>>107736057
I think the SFF-8482 SAS socket can also interface with the whole SATA interface (data+power)
which is why power still has to be "passed through"
>>
>>107736241
yeah i knew that, i just wanted to know if its cross compatible with both sas and sata or not.
>>
>>107731070
You can do that with a single openwrt router/AP
>>
>>107731535
>$54
You're getting ripped off
>>107731715
>aquantia
>disconnects in your path
heh nothin personnel
Also the x2 version is already available, but they cost more than the x1 vesion
>>
>>107711221
Bitshift all system storage by non-consequtive prime numbers determined by a hash function that is derived from a random sampling of Lou Reed's Metal Machine Music (1975), and the unused bits are a write-off for implementation simplicity. If this is too trivial, commit yourself to adhering to strict pig latin file naming conventions.

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> https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=46436128

cookie guy tryin to milk fame for his shit website
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>>
>>107735481
>t. tourist
if you were around at the time you'd seen first hand just how batshit cookiefaggot really was
>>
> cookie sperging out because of chans, claiming to be stalked

> /g/ claiming to not stalk him

> /g/ posting stalker thread in 2026, 5 years later

> cookie BTFOing with funny game on chans, even using a 4chan picture to build an actual game boss fight

> sneedacity fucked, not even maintained

> tenacity live and kicking, packages in all distros, troons are winning

we lost. tell me i'm wrong
>>
>>107736799
ok cookie
>>
>>107735575
>sneedacity is still maintained
you cannot be serious
>>
>>107736805

ok shill

Will 2026 be the year of ruby?

It's never coming out. He has been in the cuts with this specifically since the first time that Trump was in office and he now looks like a 58 year old backup guitarist for a Rush coverband. Him and Casey who I'm not sure is going to be able to finish that came before he starts collecting old age security.
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>>
>>107735826
because he is wasting his time and everyone's time talking about stupid shit that doesnt matter like 'proper game design' (from a guy who can only make dumb puzzle games) and even trash talking web programming as if that were a serious problem in the IT industry

....all the while sitting on a programming language that has the potential at the very least to educate programmers how to break out of the OO boilerplate mindset. The fact that Casey is talking with him is even more strange as Casey is the king of "OO is trash" and yet somehow Jai is not an important topic for him

they are all a bunch of slacker dumbfucks who could be leading the entire IT industry but instead spew their 'hot takes' and bullshit like 'Le games are bad'
>>
>>107736302
>gameplay peaked with 7th gen
That gen started the soulless AAA slop era, but minus the sprawling indie scene. Might've been the worst era.
>VR IS DA FUTURE
the best VR game gets mogged by like the 200th best traditional game, and I sure don't have to mention variety. VR sure has potential, but it won't replace traditional games, since their potential is far from being reached.
>>
>>107735826
Hes all talk
>>
hes gaining weight he looks like alex jones
>>
>>107736302
>(((unc)))

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DDR2 is still worth it only if it can YouTube 1080p.
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>>
>>107736281
>YouTube 1080p
>2mbps
mfw
>>
>>107735998
Why wouldn't it be able to? YouTube has offered 1080p video since 2009
>>
>>107736391
...what?
>>
>>107735998
I find your priorities baffling. Buy an used cellphone if that's all you need out of a computer, you gimp.
>>
>>107736401
In 2009 YouTube used Flash Player to play video and consumed significantly less CPU doing so.

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>tfw you don't need to upgrade your PC in 2026
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>>
>>107730423
Oh no, whatever shall you do? You’ll miss out on the yearly cawadooty, frognig! Quick, remortgage your basement
>>
>>107726312
Just got my dad an optiplex 3050 off ebay for $50, a quadro p600, and 16GB of RAM. Should serve him for the next few years.
>>
4090
5900x
32gb ram

I'll upgrade if it doesn't run GTA6
>>
>>107728355
keyed
>>
>>107725772
Built nearly a year ago from used parts on eBay:
Ryzen 7500f
Radeon 6800 (16gb)
32gb ddr5 6000
Gigabyte B650 mobo
2x datacenter 12tb hdds in raid1 for media/software storage
Hacked up old Thinkstation case
(ok I actually bought a new SSD for the OS, a CPU cooler, and some fans)

I'll be good until at least 2030.

File deleted.
>Lisp is a family of programming languages with a long history and a distinctive parenthesized prefix notation. There are many dialects of Lisp, including Common Lisp, Scheme, Clojure and Elisp.

>Emacs is an extensible, customizable, self-documenting free/libre text editor and computing environment, with a Lisp interpreter at its core.

>Emacs Resources
https://gnu.org/s/emacs
https://github.com/emacs-tw/awesome-emacs
https://github.com/systemcrafters/crafted-emacs

>Learning Emacs
C-h t (Interactive Tutorial)
https://emacs-config-generator.fly.dev
https://systemcrafters.net/emacs-from-scratch
http://xahlee.info/emacs
https://emacs.tv

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>>
>>107732128
Not a fan of the vibe coded slopware but cxxxr has been working on lem for over a decade, I doubt that he'd stop now.
>>
Happy new years and to yet another decade of SEXp-ing

>>107729742
this is one of the few generals that I still visit on this site as well
>>
>>107727170
Pretty nice. SBCL?
>>
>>107734533
Yeah. It shouldn't be too hard to add support for other implementations, though that's not really something I'm planning on for now.
>>
>>107728868
Sad! Many such cases.

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Why is C++ so hated?
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>>
>>107732448
touch grass
>>
>>107735765
And you sound low IQ. Your question is irrelevant and thus answered with more mockery. Things will happen. Defending shit design is inexcusable.
>>
>>107735862
actually v-funcs don't harm performance if at all in large codebases. The v-tables fit into cache and execute faster. But it is still a shitty design pattern.

I don't use inheritance at all, on purpose anyway.
>>
>>107736041
why are you arguing like a tranny/woman
>>
>>107711740
Because Windows has grown so large that Microsoft can't add new bugs quickly enough to keep up. Using slop bots to translate it to a different language will add bugs at a rate previously thought to be impossible.

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Welcome to the Daily Programming Thread. What are you working on, /g/?
Previous: >>107711909
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>>
>another segault due to var = var
>>
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I tweaked my Markov text generator a bit, but by far the most interesting thing is how unstructured the output becomes depending on the preference for higher-order context. In pic related, the left and right sides have identical training and generation parameters, other than the function I use to update the probability to use higher-order statistics (e.g. using P('d' | "Lor") vs. P('d' | "or") vs. P('d' | "o") vs. P('d')) when sampling a character.

The left side uses this:
// no preference for higher vs lower order sampling
// if they're equal it's 50/50, chance to fire is proportional to the difference in probability
p_target = 0.5f * (p_fire_correct - p_hold_correct) + 0.5f;

While the right side uses:
// always prefer higher order sampling unless lower order is more accurate
// if they're equal always use higher order
p_target = min(1.f, 1.f + (p_fire_correct - p_hold_correct));

p_fire_correct is the probability that "firing" (using higher-order sampling) will produce the observed character, and where p_hold_correct is the probability that using this-order context will produce the correct character.

The firing probability is basically a moving average of prior target probabilities:

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>>
>>107733453
yes
that you can't cope with it or that they like it proves you've an inferior brain
>>
>>107735994
stop being such a chud and go haskell already
>>
what's the best prefix for printf/sprintf-like formatting functions?
format, io_format, stream_format, format_stream, ... ?

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How can one ban evade a hardware ban? Would setting up a virtual machine work?
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>>
>>107734656
Just use different hardware?
>>
>>107734715
The website doesn't allow use if you don't let it probe you
>>
>>107734656
Not really, my guess is you got a fortnite ban, your mainboard is banned (thanks kernel malware). My recommendation: buy a new motherboard, never install windows again (uniqure HWID) and escape the fucking botnet.
>>
test
>>
>>107735910
It's not a videogame related thing and it's my laptop

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Who's Who Edition
Previous: >>107688813
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>>
>>107736095
>>107736064
they aren't mine
grabbed em off reddit
but they are nice arent they
very easy on the eyes
>>
>>
>>107736375
Well that is perfectly acceptable, as it is a DESKTOP general, and methinks essentially anything to do with DESKTOPS is "fair game": showing yours, showing others, discussing any aspect of them, all gud.

I like the cleanliness, simplicity, which even the lack of color contributes substantially toward (though you can have those things with colorations as well).

I won't even disparage you for going to reddit. I don't want to disparage anyone for anything. I just got word about my neighbor being in ICU after a wreck and he is in seriously bad condition. He is a very gud neighbor, a very decent human altogether, and just recently retired. I am glad that (You) exist, and are here with us, and have shared these things that you saw over there where it's a wonder literally everyone isn't b& and all of the poasts aren't locked and replies deleted. I hope those pics had lots of upvoots and the poaster is getting rushes of dopamine and the comfort of a legacy of internet points that will remain until it becomes too unprofitable to maintain the profile after they have passed into the realms beyond.

I am glad that you have taken one for the team and gone there for us and brought them back so that we do not need to, yet we still get to appreciate them.

UNIRONICALLY
btw.
>>
>>107736375
Nice. I love Reddit
>>
new gaming pc, finally migged to linux fulltime. debian with kde, went all in on dracula and old mac fonts for now.

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are KOSS headphones any good? or are they influencer slop?
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>>
No they aren’t. If your looking for studio grade headphones i’d recommend Sennheiser although you need to purchase an adapter for them if it’s for a computer
>>
ksc75's are actually pretty good
portapros just dont sound very good youd have to tune them, too much bass AND peaky treble
>>
For the price definitely but they're not gonna change your life like some people make it sound
>>
>>107734191
All the good ones are "semi"-openbacks based around the same or modified driver, for under 50€, best bang for your buck out of that price-range for non-IEM and non-Chinese options. Cable is shit and not removable but they usually have good warranty and there's some mods for that on Etsy or Ali. Kcs75 is more "bright" with almost no subbass while Porta Pro and KPH30/40 are more traditional with the bass. You can get more bass for the latter with YAXI or other thicker aftermarket pads, KPH has a more traditional band that pushes against your head more so it should have more bass.
"Semi"-openbacks don't block out noise and they're supposed to let sound in and out, these are small so they wont leak to your whole house but people next to you will hear what you're listening to.
>>
>>107734191
Now that dust has settled, is this a man or a woman? I need to know before making a mistake


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