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This board is dedicated to the discussion of history and the other humanities such as philosophy, religion, law, classical artwork, archeology, anthropology, ancient languages, etc. Please use /lit/ for discussions of literature. Threads should be about specific topics, and the creation of "general" threads is discouraged.

For the purpose of determining what is history, please do not start threads about events taking place less than 25 years ago. Historical discussions should be focused on past events, and not their contemporary consequences. Discussion of modern politics, current events, popular culture, or other non-historical topics should be posted elsewhere. General discussions about international culture should go on /int/.

/his/ is not /pol/, and Global Rule #3 is in effect. Do not try to treat this board as /pol/ with dates. Blatant racism and trolling will not be tolerated, and a high level of discourse is expected. History can be examined from many different conflicting viewpoints; please treat other posters with respect and address the content of their post instead of attacking their character.

When discussing history, please reference credible source material, and provide as much supporting information as possible in your posts.

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>"life does not come from non-life"

>is composed of non-life
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>>18268357
So you can combine a bunch of these atoms together and make a living person?
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>>18268357
it's even more bizarre then that a bunch of dead atoms can make music and create other art, or commit hideous acts of evil as well. some atoms I say
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>>18268378
>>18268379
yes, multiple different smaller, simpler things can come together to form a more complex larger system above that is greater than the sum of its parts, you see this with basically everything in life
"life" is just a specific stage of that complexity

these very letters and digital bits only have meaning when arranged in a particular pattern to form a sentence
>>
>>18268386
>that is greater than the sum of its parts
How is that possible on a materialist view?
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>>18268386
it is never greater than the sum of its parts if it is not alive, it is exactly the sum of it parts, no more, no less

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What does /his/ think of Sikhism?
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>>18268052
All the Abrahamic faiths draw from a common tradition and the same lineage of prophets. They disagree on who was the last, perhaps, but all will acknowledge the role of Moses, the story of the early Israelites/Jews, etc. These stories and the lessons from them make up a large part of the Abrahamic worldview, and the Torah/Bible/Quran devote a lot of space to explaining them. Sikh texts only mentions Abrahamic concepts/stories a handful of times, in passing. Vaishnavite stories are far more extensively mentioned (although saying Sikhi is an offshoot of Vaishnavism would also be incorrect). If we want to say all monotheist religions are Abrahamic, are we going to extend that to the pre-Islamic Turkic faith or other traditions with a supreme creator?

>>18268068
This is incorrect. We're getting outside of the scope of Sikhi now, but the concept of monotheism (in all the deities being aspects/emanations of a deeper, all-encompassing Brahman) in Indic thought predates Islam itself, much less Islam's arrival in the subcontinent. The Gita is probably the most famous case establishing the Hindu view of monotheism (with all of creation being an emanation of Lord Krishna), and it predates Jesus. The Gita itself draws from older texts like the Upanishads which also share this viewpoint.
>>
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>>18265806
They're just more refined Muslims and are 'good' only by comparison.
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>>18268189
>All the Abrahamic faiths draw from a common tradition and the same lineage of prophets.
no. to me abrahamic faith is something derived from an abrahamic faith, regardless of how far it falls from the origins. not all abrahamic faiths are monotheistic, their common ancestor was henotheistic, for instance.
>If we want to say all monotheist religions are Abrahamic, are we going to extend that to the pre-Islamic Turkic faith or other traditions with a supreme creator?
first of all, tengriism was not monotheistic but again mostly henotheistic. and we don't know if it is an abrahamic religion or not because we don't know how it started. given the strong early aramaic influence on the mongol-turk steppe, see for example the old mongolian writing, and the late attestation of Tengri (fourth century?) we just cannot tell.
second, monotheism is not the crucial condition here, idea copying is. sikhism appeared as a splinter sect of islam, which then defined itself in opposition to mainstream islam. that it got hinduized in the process is no big miracle.
look, I understand that sikhs want to look unique and nothing to do with islam, but the first guru was a muslim who made hajj, and sikhism appeared during muslim rule, not during the hindu millennia before it.
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>>18268192
As long as they only do this to otther sikhs I see no problem. Muslims are much worse because they attack non-muslims.
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>>18268342
>sikhism appeared as a splinter sect of islam, which then defined itself in opposition to mainstream islam. that it got hinduized in the process is no big miracle.
Again, this is simply not true. The Sikh Gurus were either Hindu converts or born into Sikhi, as was the majority of the Sikh population at the time. In my posts I have listed various ways in which Sikhi draws from the Indic tradition and how it relates much more to the Indic than the Abrahamic in worldview, practice and storytelling/hagiography. At this point I have to ask what evidence you have for the claim that Sikhi's roots are in the Abrahamic tradition.

>but the first guru was a muslim who made hajj
This is also incorrect. Guru Nanak Dev Ji indeed went to Mecca, but he did not perform any of the acts required on hajj, and famously rejected the idea that the Kaaba is of any special significance, going as far as to point his feet towards the site. The reason he went to Mecca was at the request of Bhai Mardana, who was a Muslim (and the first convert to Sikhism) and Guru Nanak Dev Ji's life-long friend/companion on his trips. Guru Nanak Dev Ji also went to the Jaggananth Puri Mandir in Odia, but that does not make him a Hindu (much like in Mecca, there he rejected the practices of the religions at the time and explained the correct practice of religion), nor do his trips to Nepal/Tibet make him a Buddhist.

If we are going to claim that someone who rejected core Islamic practices, whose vision of the Divine is in direct conflict with the Islamic view on what the oneness of God means, and never took the Shahada is a Muslim, the word "Muslim" is stretched into meaningless.

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Where did it all begin?
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Your best guess at the fundamental elements of religion are the things that you find almost everywhere at almost every time.
Religions are almost always stories about how there are personified gods, basically human beings of a divine nature, and they have personalities and thoughts and even families.
It is rare to find religions that aren't about personified gods. Hinduism personifies gods and goddesses AS primal, natural or philosophical forces, but they still run around and fight and fuck just like we do.
Taoism talks a big game about faceless, almost nameless cosmic forces and harmonies, but that's because the modern US gift shop version leaves out the old school Taoist mythology from Dongguo, which has the usual roster of gods and goddesses and monsters running around doing wrestling moves and shifting oceans.
I'm sure that 90% of folk religions from Sioux Indians to coconut-bonking tribes in Madagascar has basically just other human beings running the show up there in the sky.
So I think the whole thing is built in our species' need to be part of an organized authority structure, even if our role in that structure is to pay the bills or play the rebel or whatever.
>>
Didn't you look at your own image.
Obviously there was a source which split off with different tribes doing different things.
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>>18268231
Myths and religions happen naturally without another myth predating them, people are just not perfect truth-finding machines and make shit up all the time.
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>>18268231
>Where did it all begin?
since the first moment humans got self aware enough to realise how shit the world they live in is and then made up the idea of cosmic justice to cope with it
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>>18268231
>Where did it all begin?
"atlantis"

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If I even were to be a neopagan retard, wouldn't it make more sense for me to still regard the Fall of Rome and the Germanic migrations into England and Western/Southern Germany as a good thing? Rather than complaining about le evil Dark Ages and being some self-hating Hellenist faggot.
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>>18268358
Because the Goths were Christians themselves.
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>>18268361
Yeah converting to Christianity evidently worked to the favor of the Germanic invaders.
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>>18268358
The fall of Rome was punishment for embracing Christianity. The Romans believed in Pax Deorum (“Peace of the Gods”) in which worship of the gods was necessary for the survival of the Roman state, and looking back they were right to believe this; when Rome worshipped the gods, the gods blessed Rome with prosperity and when Rome slowly abandoned the gods in favor of Christianity, the gods punished Rome by taking away their blessings and allowing Rome to decline and eventually fall to barbarians. It was never a sign of their absence or weakness, but of their wrath. The gods only bestow their blessings to those who devoutly worship them and when people refuse to worship them, the gods simply take away their blessings as punishment. We are still suffering the consequences of abandoning them today as we’ve never achieved the aura Ancient Greece and Rome held.

Europe good ending
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>>18267807
Honestly based, this is probably the world where Alexander lived.
I always do wonder if Dionysian Hellenism would have become the dominant version without the Roman senate's intervention
Pic related a Bactrian or Seleucid plate
>>
>>18267798
Have fun burning!
>>
But Jesus was seen as a Buddha, not as subservient to him. In china Jesus was equated to Amitabha, the Buddha of Light, and technically Amitabha outranks Siddhartha in power levels
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>>18267798
The good ending is killing all of the Tartars and gypsies.
>>
>>18267798
We need no Jesus. We need no Buddha.

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Discuss the recent findings and Scholarship in the inter-disciplinary field of Hitler Studies
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>>18268256
A statesman who led Germany out of the economic crisis and a strong leader in difficult times, he was also a talented painter.

Don't believe the lies of jewish and communist propaganda about this man.
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>>18268256
He was an avatar of Satan
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>>18268308
Don't believe the lies of jewish and communist propaganda about this man.
>>
What recent findings? The one that says he had one ball and was also a tranny? And you believe this?

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The Byzantine Empire pretty much did lose all of Anatolia because they invited Turkish mercenaries who kept switching between Imperial and rebel forces for better land grants.
>>
>>18268311
What about the Plague of Justinian which killed about 20% of the population of Byzantium that afflicted the entire Mediterranean Basin and the Near East?
>>
Yeah unfortunately true.
>>
so much fuckups there, almost like the west today
>>
Nothing was going to stop the Turks. The Turkic migration had already swallowed up joints about as rich and powerful as the Byz on their way across Persia and Transoxiana.

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I would rather worship a sexy Goddess than submitting to any male God. It feels kind of gay submitting to another man.
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Praise Inanna (pbuh)
>>
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>>18268246
>>18268271
When I think of the Chr*stian monks who slandered Our lady of the Vanir in Sörla þáttr I literally start shaking and my eyes roll back into my head as I Hindooishly spaz out in a trance to psychically condemn Jon Thordson and Magnus Thorhalson to a kalpa in Niflheim for their insolence.
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>>18268051
Cuck
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>>18268051
Just like Christ is king. you will never be a woman, tranny.
>>
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>>18268051
Lust
your heart is corrupted, thus, everything is corrupted in your eyes

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How do pagans and neo-pagans answer the problem of the triumph of Abrahamic religions over paganism?

Option 1: The pagans were defeated because their gods don't exist.
Option 2: The pagans were defeated because the Abrahamic God is more powerful than the pagan gods.
Option 3: The pagans were defeated even though their gods were real and could have helped them but simply chose not to do so and they didn't care that their worshippers were being persecuted, slaughtered and forcibly converted to serve another God, their temples were being destroyed and/or reconverted to temples for the Abrahamic God, their oracles were silenced and their myths suppressed.

I see no way in which the pagans end up looking good. Thoughts?
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>>18266450
Someone has never heard of the Byzantine apocalypse
After the fall of the east first to the Sassanids and then to the Muslim Arabs the Christians of the empire though Yahweh abandoned them to the iconoclast Arabs/Muslims

Option 1: The christians were defeated because their god doesn't exist
Option 2: The christians were defeated because the Muslims faith is more powerful than the christian faith
Option 3: The christians were defeated even though their faith is real and Yahweh could have helped them but simply chose not to do so and they didn't care that their worshippers were being persecuted, slaughtered and forcibly converted to serve another faith, their temples were being destroyed and/or reconverted to temples for the Muslim faith, their priests were silenced and their myths suppressed.

Personally I think Hellenic Deism is the best way to handle most of this but that's opens us up to
>you dont really believe in the gods, paganlarpers

The reality is the gods favor no people or nation and we are all children of the Gods. Besides all Christians are more or less worshipping a temui "monotheistic" version of Dionysus and Zeus.

Or did you not catch the fact that they stapled the GOD/Yahweh over the image of Zeus and stole Dionysus' divine story and gave it to a Jewish and probably gnostic prophet?
>>
>>18266506
>Jeremiah 46:25
>>YAH Almighty, the God of Israel, says: “I am about to bring punishment on Amon (Amun Ra) god of Thebes, on Pharaoh, on Egypt and her gods and her kings, and on those who rely on Pharaoh.

So then is Yah = Aten? Or is this part of the confusion that has been ongoing for thousands of years.
Regardless, seems like no other deity has hated Amon more than Aten, the creepy ass hermaphrodite bitch.
>>
>>18267830
Muslims and Christians worship the same God, so one of them losing to the other doesn't mean their God is not real or not powerful. The same is not true for pagans.
>>
>>18266844
>>18267730
This question is for pagans, not atheists. Please stop bringing up the "option" that no god is real, the trilemma is not based on atheistic/materialistic presuppositions.
>>
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>>18266521
"I didn't lose! I just let you win!"
Ok, champ.

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Why were women so ugly until recently?
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>>18268232
That's a mixed group of men and women of different ages. Social media and media in general allow you to see an overwhelming amount of teen and early 20s women compared to what the actual mix is. Add minmaxed skincare/surgery/makeup personalities who emulate the appearance of a young woman and now photos where the average age is 40 look strange to us
>>
>>18268329
They're all clearly young people in their 20s. It may be a gathering of college students.
>>
>>18268317
>>18268348
That's a still from The Shining
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>>18268232
No makeup, skincare and other female maintenance gear, no gym and no jewish daycare job to maintain a good lifestyle, most of them had shitty laborous lives and didnt have time to look like young brides, except for courtesans or actresses.
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>>18268232
would

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Are you free to study history in your country?
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>>18267609
>18th century
>long before jews got into power
Anon...
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>>18267486
Didn't knew the Balts were that chuddy, based!
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>>18267528
Nobody outiside Europe, Israel and North America gives a shit about the WW2 Western front, Hitler or Nazism
>>
>>18267499
>its not written into law so the fact that your life gets ruined in every aspect by the people in power for doing it doesnt matter teehee
smartest golem
>>
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People 100% get charged for holocaust denial in the UK. LOTS of them

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Why do Christians hate paganism so much? As a pagan it genuinely seems like they're under some kind of binding to automatically go rabid whenever the Gods are even mentioned
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>>18266478
You call yourself a "pagan"? Isn't that like a Christian calling himself a theist?
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>>18266744
>>"materialism bad!"
>>spiritualism good!
So Christianity?
>>
>>18268332
>Genesis 1:4 - God saw that the light was good
>Genesis 1:10 - ...And God saw that it was good
>Genesis 1:12 - ...And God saw that it was good
>Genesis 1:18 - ...And God saw that it was good.
>Genesis 1:21 - ...And God saw that it was good.
>Genesis 1:25 - ...And God saw that it was good.

>Genesis 1:31 - God saw all that he had made, and it was very good.
>>
>>18266478
>Why do Christians hate paganism so much?
because christianity is an evolved version of a jewish myth. it has a lot of jewish baggage and has been shifted towards things that would benefit the jewish people, like total destruction of all other history and religion except judaism of course
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>>18266561
>Because it's an offense to the one true God.
is it a bigger offense than a religion that specifically believes that your literal god is boiling in shit in hell and that his mother is a whore? lmaoing at the christcucks.

>Then he which had received the one talent came and said, Lord, I knew thee that thou art an hard man, reaping where thou hast not sown, and gathering where thou hast not strawed:
>And I was afraid, and went and hid thy talent in the earth: lo, there thou hast that is thine.
>His lord answered and said unto him, Thou wicked and slothful servant, thou knewest that I reap where I sowed not, and gather where I have not strawed:
>Thou oughtest therefore to have put my money to the exchangers, and then at my coming I should have received mine own with usury.
>Take therefore the talent from him, and give it unto him which hath ten talents.
>For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance: but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath.
>And cast ye the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth.
>Matthew 25:24-30

Poverty and poor people are ontologically evil. This year, if you are a poor person pray to god to help you overcome your inherent evilness and join the productive and good members of society.

>inb4 some retard mentions muh beatitudes
>Blessed are the poor in SPIRIT; for theirs is the kingdom of heaven. Matthew 5:3
>this refers to spiritual poverty not material poverty
>spiritual poverty = good

Comment too long. Click here to view the full text.
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>>18268178
I'm all set, then.
another such term is 'being justified'. Paul uses it a lot. I always understood it to mean 'to be proven right, nye nye nye I told you' when Jesus comes back and kicks unbeliever ass. very redditesque approach.
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>>18267947
Are you actually a real person? I refuse to believe someone out there is this retarded, ignorant, and believes they are telling the truth.
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>>18268330
hard to tell, really. prosperity gospel is already immune to parody.
>>
>>18267947
This is a parable against miserliness, not poverty. Failure to spend / invest money and hording it instead is the sin.
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>>18268349
it's not about money at all, the talents are gifts of the holy spirit which are meant to be multiplied. Jesus did not preach about economy, quite the contrary. remember the lillies of the field and the birds of the sky? OP is just a retarded proty

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When it comes to incarnation, how can God, an infinite, unlimited mind, become a human being? Was Jesus just a robot controlled by God? Can anyone explain?
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>>18266870
You have that backwards.
God makes crackers and wine substantially change into his flesh and blood. It is not the divine essence that becomes crackers and wine, it is the other way around.

Anyways if you don't understand the eucharist (as you do not) you'll never understand the incarnation because they are intrinsically linked.
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>>18266867
depends on your theology
in base deist theology its possible becuse god is omnipotent and can thus be in two places at the same time
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>>18266871
why did you think that?
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>>18266867
because he didnt "become" as in transform from god to a human. just how you dont become the character you play as in a videogame and stop existing as a human in your realm
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>>18266873
is number 3 both three and one (number) at the same time?
also >>18266889


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