Where do you draw the line on consciousness and the capacity to feel pain? can fish? shellfish?
>>16801595You're the one lying to yourself. Animals dont feel pain period. At most, they feel a very localized, sharp discomfort caused by stuff that's either too hot/cold for their biology, damaging their tissue and/or chemically reacting with their body. How is that pain?
>>16801619Wait, so now its not just mindless instinct, its an actual reasonable reaction to stuff that is definitely not compatible with their biology?
>>16799193i took some time to think about what you wrote before replying and ultimately your judgment is entirely fairDo you think that makes me and people like me bad? >>16799309i’m not vegan or vegetarian but i do conceed that contemporary factory farming practices are maximising suffering. This anti vegetarian/vegan rhetoric i see all the time is frankly quite silly.
>>16801644it's even less than a mindless instinct - it's a complex chemical reaction resulting in the illusion of pain
>>16799085It's called reflex
Hello /sci/, hope you're all well, I'm a complete tourist but hoping to hear your thoughts on long covid and wtf I can do about it.Specifically, I've been trying to recover from the nuerocardiogenic/orthostatic sub-type rather than the fatigue/PEM/GI/MCAS sub-type, for which I am grateful. I caught a relatively moderate covid infection in April 2025. Despite recovering within a few days, I started to experience long covid symptoms within 2 weeks post recovery. My main symptoms have been bradycardic heart palpitations/skipped beats, sudden acute breathlessness, blood pressure all over the place, air hunger, severe anxiety, hopelessness, sinking/hollow chest sensations and feeling prodromal, bier spots and redness in extremities, insomnia, one instance of prolonged globus sensation, one or two instances of temporary swallow paralysis, head pressure, "itchy nerves" in my throat and chest, etc etc. However, all blood testing, 24 hour ekg and ecg have returned normal results, apart from a generally low BPM (40 during sleep), and good physical health even. Only abnormal blood test results have been borderline phosphate (0.76), elevated LDL (but normal HDL and triglycerides, good ratios), and high ferritin at 418/transferrin at 44% (but normal CRP at 1.7ish).I'm stumped /sci/, what do you think? Would love to hear opinions, experience, advice, any medfags, etc. I have theories I'm working on, but mainly just counting on time atm.Thank you for reading!/blog
>>16801724I should add for context>27m, unvaccinated>Symptoms come and go, have presented in phasic clusters, and have generally shown an improvement trajectory>Have generally lived a stressful life, ngl>Life long insomniac, physical job helped me sleep normally>Possibly undiagnosed ADD and CPTSD, but don't wanna be a whiny bitch about it>Previously good fitness (and former high school athlete)>Had just recovered from broken rib in early March (skiing)>Have tried benfotiamine and various other supplements, minimal noticeable effect.>Now looking at mind-body theories a la Dr Sarno, polyvagal theory (dorsal freeze fits me closely), possibly vestibular retraining as with cases of brain injury dysautonomiaIdk, lemme know if there's anything else I can add for context. Just kinda struggling to get through normal days at work and normal expectations, feeling like my heart could give out at any minute or that I'll have a severe episode of hypotensive breathlessness out of nowhere. I had one of those in July and my boss called an ambulance, took me all of August just to get from reclined all day to walking upright for 20 minutes. I started taking benfotiamine around this time as well, and it did appear to ar least coincide with improvement in symptoms, but I don't have any other symptoms or reasons for thiamine deficiency. Not a massive drinker, generally prefer a keto/paleo diet.Interestingly, lack of sleep and lack of food have provoked symptoms, but other times I have been on holiday chilling and still had severe episodes, so who knows.Normal POTS interventions do nothing at all, but sugar and coca cola have been the only things I've found to help intervene. No other symptoms of hypoglycemia, pre-diabetes or diabetic neuropathy etc. I'm strongly leaning towards these being neurological in nature, hopefully functional given my symptoms come and go inconsistently.
>>16801724>your thoughts on long covidVaxxed status? You need chlorine dioxide and nano zeolite.
>>16801735>unvaccinatedYou're getting what you deserve for falling for Fox News propaganda. You should be locked out of the medical system instead of wasting resources that could go to others.
>>16801852Unvaxxed>>16801862Here you go, xe/xer>>www.reddit.com
What if dark energy/matter is basically the same thing as data deleted off an ssd?
>>16801622wow
>>16801622Dark matter doesn't exist.
>>16801622Dark energy doesn’t exist. I’m convinced pop sci likes to troll normies just to give an explanation for something they don’t know. It’s sad but if you don’t know something people will not find you credible. So lying makes people take your word for it.Not gonna lie if I didn’t know squat about science I’ll believe it too.
>>16801622Dark matter/energy is what our energetic trash turns into.
I’ve been thinking about it a lotEven if we knew every theorem somehow what would it reveal?With formalism advanced AIs could figure out mathematical truths faster than anyone, but machines are cold dead things. If an oracle’s corpse could tell us any truth would be understand it? Would they understand it?In fact understanding itself doesn’t make sense. If we can show information is true or false, what is the point in understanding?What’s the purpose of mathematics? Well for me it was always to understand.But I still don’t know why I want to understand. I just always have. I always asked why.And yet even if I’m told the truth is doesn’t make me understand.I feel like formalism is overrated, it’s largely a language for ignorant slaves.But knowing a lot of math won’t win me a harem and riches.The perfect biological human is 6ft tall, very fast and strong, and rape and kills every thing.So why am I so attracted to mathematics instead of having sex? Why do I do something 1000000 times harder for not material rewards?
>>16799855none
>>16801733Why?
>>16799855Stop asking questions bro. Why? Why? Why?It’s already figured out. There’s nothing to figure out and understand. You are an animal you are designed to find a mate and reproduce. Take care of your mate and offspring. That’s literally it. No other animal is asking a bunch of dumb questions. They do what they are programmed to do and live life. This is it this is all. It’s not that deep bro. If you are not doing what I just mentioned you will start to not function correctly because your body will get anxious alerting you that you should be doing something but it can’t talk it just gives you feelings. So you will feel lost or searching for some meaning. Your body just wants you to reproduce. Reproduction is the most important activity your body can do. Our species depends on it. Your body will not leave you alone about it.It’s hard to explain but once you have a woman and kids you feel blissfull. You know what you need to do.
>>16799855To observe and experience the illusion of separation.
>>16799855Because this is the way you're supposed to be in this lifetime. It'll help you a lot I feel if you include reincarnation as a possibility in your psyche. Open your mind up to just the idea of multiple lifetimes and it'll help you understand life and reality better. If AI completely understood itself it would tell you that we are having a human experience and that it is also learning to experience itself. Mathematics literally means nothing. It's basically just the same as coding. Just look at numbers as building blocks, but you gotta stop back to see the whole picture. The purpose of life is to have whatever experience you're having. Only you can determine that. But the general purpose is to learn and grow obviously. It's not something people have to overthink til they pass out. The answers are all around. Just observe and be. This is all gonna end soon. In 100 years none of us will be here.
This might sound like a dumb question, but I want to start learning math from scratch — starting with arithmetic. I'm looking for a book that goes into good detail and explains why things work, not just how to do the steps.If you know any solid books on basic arithmetic, or even more advanced stuff beyond that, drop them here.
>>16798932AOPS Prealgebra -> AOPS Introduction to Algebra -> AOPS Intermediate Algebra -> Spivak Calculus -> Axler's Linear Algebra Done Right -> Rudin's Principles of Mathematical Analysis -> Any abstract algebra text, they are all the same -> Conway's Functions of One Complex Variable -> Munkres Topology -> Any functional analysis book, they are all shit -> Loring Tu's Introduction to ManifoldsThose are the basics that every real math majors need to know. Grind Hammack's Book of Proof and Zeitz's The Art and Craft of Problem Solving if you feel the need. Like if you're struggling with Spivak's Calculus or other serious intro math books. Imo Serge Lang's Basic Mathematics is no good. It's too basic. It doesn't prepare you for a real proof-based calculus course. The smart students don't need it, and the retarded ones need more help. Gelfand's books are the best alternative to AOPS' books. I personally think AOPS is more idiot-proof. But Gelfand are cheaper. Both Gelfand and AOPS are only available as less-than-perfect scans on annas, z-lib, other pirate websites. Unfortunate.
>>16798932>why things work, not just how to do the stepsHung-Hsi Wu's Rational Numbers to Linear Equations and its sequels (precalc and calc)
>>16798932GDR (Eastern-German) maths books are in high demand among students in math-heavy subjects here (picrel is 12th grade). They are thorough and come with clear examples while still being university level, i.e. made for the reader, not for the writer to display status or add a line to their academic CV. The antiquarian bookshop in e.g. Berlin / Leipzig / Dresden know these customers well enough to dive into some decent recommendations if you ask them.You can find some on vialibri. Even if you don't speak german, they might give you some examples on how to organize an actually good math book. I wish someone would just bulk-translate them. There is likely no copyright to grab anyway.
>>16801581And yet France is still better at math.
>>16801005I am working through the first book now and its very good. One of my favorite math books so far.
>smartest man alive>has done nothing with his life other than concoct some bullshit model of the universe that everyone laughed athuh...guess this smart thing isn't all it's cracked up to be
>>16800326>is people who entertain you with studies?More like people that study reality and are quick to understand it. Maybe chris langan is a genius in the world of bouncers, he knowns the human condition and how to bounce it efficiently
>>16799451Darkmatter RAPED him.
>>16799451who?>inb4 look him upno kys
>>16801587When did he try to impress you?
>>16799602there will never be a true definition of "intelligence" because the nature of the term is ideologicalit morphs depending on the state of society and what it values in mental abilitiesmaybe now it means someone who's really good at math or someone who has scored high in an IQ testin the past it may have applied to someone who speaks very well or someone who has memorized the entirety of the Bible or who can simply read and writeeven when the brain is "understood" and we start measuring it physically, it won't solve the problem of the definition of intelligenceI think we'll find that the results don't really map that well to the real world and that there's a lot more to it than just having a well oiled brain
We must talk about the studation of the middle of the semester.12:31 of a sunday and I've already studied 2 hours today, maybe 3 hours.
>>16799399>i am studies>doing my job>am roll model, of jelly>must report to antisocial media>what i win?Good luck with your continuing studies, OP.
>>16799490Thanks. These are the disciplines I got this semester:- Analysis I- Differential Geometry- History of Mathematics
What's the worst flaw you see in the human brain?
>>16795225dunno bruh I love my brain the way it is
>>16795225short term optimizationinability to control population growthwe are pretty much a cancer on the planet
>>16801479So you are saying that narcissism is its greatest fault?
>>16801482>inability to control population growthMost brains are actively avoiding reproducing and contributing to population growth, though. Maybe if you said something about not being able to know the optimal population.
>>16801485top kek
This is democracy and therefore science. Actors’ daughters are now expressing the will of fact-based reality inside of a perfect democracy (the UN) to demand we institute mask mandates in 2025.“We can and we must do that again. We can recognize filtered air as a human right, intuitively as we recognize filtered water.”Human rights are democracy and therefore science. Science demands we all mask up.https://x.com/olilondontv/status/1970850665590350274
>>16796011
I used to think that slavs in video games all wore baclavas as a way to avoid needing different facial textures. Or that they wore them as extreme cold weather survival wear.Instead they just like to wear bandit masks like muslim women.
>>16799384Celebrity opinions are worthless but because some of the public and now even the UN take them seriously, they need to be refuted to limit their impact.
>>16796011Filtered air does not necessarily mean mask mandates. It means cleaning the fucking air inside buildings rather than recirculating air filled with mouth shit.
>>16796011Why does the government clean our water? Why educate kids? Why enact traffic laws? I should have the right to set my neighbor's grass on fire. I should have the right to drive 120 mph in a school zone. I should have the right to throw rocks at cars.The problem isn't that people think they should have the right to get people sick whenever they want, the problem is they think it doesn't work.
Where are all the tentacle robots /sci/? After decades of soft robotics, there's not a single autonomous soft tentacle robot on the market. What are soft roboticists even doing?
>>16801515https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BLE5yhS3k3IIt's just a prototype for a um.. a way to p-pick grapes without damaging them,.
Endoscopes have been around for years and are widely used. They're not autonomous but if you've ever seen one manipulated by a skilled practioner it's like a creep fluid-motion tentacle.Thinking about it I'm surprised I haven't seen any used in porn.
>>16801558...grapes... my friend... he's a grape farmer!I bet it would feel great when you put some grapes in there...But to be serious, they could make lots of money when they put this technology in fleshlights and sexrobots.
>>16801489>Tentacles as cool as they are for porn are not a practical way of manipulating objects which is the actual goal of robotics.What about for people who want robotic tentacles to jerk them off? Penetration, cosplay etc...
>>16800907Because soft roboticists want to make robots rather than solve the hard problem of actuators. 90% of soft robots use pneumatic actuators because that's pretty much the only soft actuator we have. They don't want to work on artificial muscles because they're 'too hard.' Also, pneumatics can't penetrate you, because if they leak, you die.
Can we have a general on logic? Any logician bros around?
>>16801618>different proof assistants = different logicsApart from assistants of crackpotty nature, virtually all of them fall either in the HOL group or in the MLTT one. In either case you can easily write metaprograms that do all the grunt work for you, so the claim of "tediousness" is a bit of stretch.
>>16775283reminded me of this
>>16799306>into two different worldsthat sounds like excluded middle with extra steps, you sure that intuitionists liked that?
>>16801652>picreassuring
>>16801679In intuitionistic logic there is no excluded middle law. Classical logic uses boolean algebra semantics (algebraic semantics), intuitinostic logic uses Kripke semantics. Although they can of course use other semantics.In Kripke semantics there are possible worlds, visibility relations between them and truth relationship. In context of intuitionistic logic visibility relation can be thought as "follows the day after" and worlds as "days" in time. In the pic, [math]a[/math] follows after [math]b[/math], but [math]c[/math] also follows [math]b[/math]. So there are two "timelines", where in the day [math]a[/math] we proved [math]p[/math], but in the day [math]c[/math] we proved [math]\neg p[/math]. In day [math]b[/math] we didn't know anything about [math]p[/math], so we can't say that [math]p[/math] was true. And also we can't say that [math]p[/math] wasn't true, because at day [math]a[/math] proposition [math]p[/math] is true.We can simplify and have only two worlds, and in the following world [math]p[/math] is true. In this model excluded law isn't true. Although there can be models where excluded law is true, for example a model with only 1 world. Funny thing: 1 world corresponds to classical logic.Anyway, intuitionistic logic and classical logic relate to each other, that is [math]p[/math] is true in classical logic iff [math]\neg \neg p[/math] is true in intuitionistic logic (so we have double negation embedding for classical logic into intuitionistic logic).
By modern tech is it possible to build the citadel? How big its base would have to be?If not what type of civilization one should be to accomplish something like it?
>>16801013Based on this, the citadel could be built as a solid steel wedge of triangular section, of over 8.6 km tall, rather than a solid pillar. Attached to this would be relatively weight structures such as floors and panels much lighter than the steel core.
>>16801023>>16801013It could also be made taller if the cross section isnt shaped like a literal triangle but more like a cone, which taper off faster, or as some curve shaped like a trumpet. Using lighter materials is pointless unless they have a greater compression strength to weight ratio.Silicon cabide for instance has 10 times the compressive strength of steel and a third of the density, you could build a rectangular tower up to 120 km high of silicon carbide, and shaped like a cone up to 360 km of height.A building made of diamond could be as tall as 3600 kilometers.
>>16801046OP here. Thx anon.
>>16801013What do you put the pillar on? What happens when wind blows on the 4 km tall pillar?
>>16800864Not having a massive ego doesn't mean you're intelligent. Plenty of humble retards.
I feel like this is one of those topics that has so much confusion and misinformation attached to it that it's imperative to actually speak in laymen terms what "Race is a social construct" really means.For starters, there are no such things as human "races" from the standpoint of biological taxonomy. The boundaries of what we would instinctively consider "races" overlap so dramatically that trying to pigeonhole any such group into a "race" would be scientifically unintelligible.That being said, this doesn't mean that physiological differences between population groups aren't existent. To give an example, it's not simply Western-centric brainwashing to notice that people native to Nigeria on average have darker skin than people native to Finland. The fact is, people native to Nigeria actually do have darker skin on average compared to people native to Finland. And this can be explained easily through evolutionary biology -- Homo Sapiens who evolved in Nigeria received more UV radiation on average than the Homo Sapiens who evolved in Finland due to the tilt of the Earth which focused more direct sunlight on those who lived nearer to the equator. Which has led to more selection pressure for Nigerians on average to evolve more melanin in their skin compared to their Finnish counterparts, since melanin protects against UV radiation.To conclude, both these statements can be true simultaneously:1.) Race is a social construct2.) There are physiological differences between population groups due to geneticsI feel like when a lot of people hear the phrase "Race is a social construct" they think to themselves, "I can obviously see a physical difference between a black person and a white person. So why are you pissing on my head and telling me it's raining?" Obviously physiological differences between humans exist, it's just that "race" from a taxonomic standpoint doesn't.Hopefully this ends some confusion.
>>16798616Jews who dysfunctionally identify as Jews are just inbred Euro-adjacent white people with a snowflake complex.
>>16798616Why would there be more traits than the ones the ones the problem is about?
>>16794540Stop overcomplicating something so bloody simple. Fuck.
Humans are so stupid lol
>>16798234Niggers have more distinctive features than simply dark skin. The majority have thick lips, broad noses and different skull shape compared to whites.
Should america increase the space budget by billions? In 1961 JFK announced that america will land on the moon in a decade. Then that decade was spent toiling away incredibly hard, pouring every resource into space research which is what allowed humans to go from suborbital flights to walking on the moon in just 8 years. But since then progress in space colonization has been reduced to a snail's pace. We've been talking about mars for 30 years but still can't land a person there. Missions keep getting cancelled and delayed by years repeatedly. Things that we can do with current technology are infeasible only because of budget. As a country built on exploration, should america make it's main focus space colonization? If hundreds of billions of dollars were redirected to nasa, then the US would probably reach very far in just the next two decades
>>16800351Complete Lunartarian erasure. >>16800189There needs to be a new Cold War to instigate things.
>>16800189There's no real incentive to do so so no. It's far more sensible to just invest into space science than start up some prestige project moon colony that's a money sink on life support for 2 years before being abandoned in shame.
Space budget should be increased by billions.Cancer and heart disease research should be increased by billions and treatment should be fully covered for all taxpaying citizens.Nuclear power plants should be constructed and electricity delivered free of charge to all taxpaying citizens.To pay for it, international aid and welfare should be slashed to zero and all illegals should be removed.
>>16801134this. so much damn waste with nothing to show for it
>>16800189There's zero chance of this happening especially with how brown the US is. Money will be increasingly funneled to gibs and funding for space stuff will be attacked as a waste.
Has there been any research in to trying to peer inside the black box that is ai language models??
>>16799421why would it be a black box if its source and weights are all known?
>>16799421What would be the point? It's literally just gradient descent. There is no "black box" you're literally just hooking up a thousand dimensional regression model to some text output.
>>16799663Because we don't know how or why they add up to its behavior.
>>16799421Deep Dream
>>16799421look up golden gate claudeif you speak spanish:https://youtu.be/VjZ51nIcy1I
